2
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a viscous detergent composition.
Background Art
Addition of various kinds of detergents such as anionic and
amphoteric surfactants to detergent compositions such as shampoos, facial
cleansers, and hand soaps was studied to provide them with favorable
cleansing and foaming efficiency and also a favorable feeling after use.
In addition when a liquid detergent composition is used, it is easier in
handling and gives favorable cleansing and foaming efficiency if it has a
suitable viscosity, and thus, adjustment of the viscosity of such detergent
compositions was also studied.
For example, Patent Document 1 describes that cleansers containing
a conventional anionic surfactant as the major component are not
satisfactory, for example from the points of refreshing feeling and stickiness
after cleansing and also from the points of foaming efficiency and storage
stability. Alternatively, Patent Document 1 proposes, to overcome the
problems above, a skin cleanser containing a long-chain acyl
lower-alkyl-taurine salt in an amount of 0.05 to 5 wt % and talc in an amount
of 0.01 to 0.5 wt %.
3
Yet alternatively, Patent Document 2 proposes, as a transparent or
semi-transparent gel skin cleanser superior in foaming efficiency and less
irritant to the skin, a transparent or semi-transparent gel skin cleanser
containing a hydrophilic polyglycerol fatty acid ester, one or more kinds of
acrylic polymers, and an alkylpolyglucoside.
There exists a need for a detergent composition that has a viscosity
favorable for use by the user, is superior in foaming efficiency and foam
stability, and gives a favorable feeling of use after cleansing.
Citation List
Patent Literatures
[Patent Document 1] JP-A No. 2001-55320
[Patent Document 2]JP-A No. 2003-73255
Summary of Invention
Technical Problem
Accordingly, an object of the present invention, which was made
under the circumstances above, is to provide a viscous detergent composition
that has a viscosity favorable for use by the user, is superior in foaming
efficiency and foam stability, and gives a favorable feeling after cleansing.
Solution to Problem
4
After intensive studies, the inventors have found that even when
ethanol or a polyvalent alcohol, which is generally considered to lower the
viscosity and foaming efficiency thereof, is used, it is possible to increase the
viscosity of a detergent composition drastically by using an anionic
surfactant and a nonionic cellulose derivative in particular amounts in
combination, and made the present invention. The inventors have found
additionally that it is possible to obtain a viscous detergent composition that
has a viscosity favorable for use even if the amount of the anionic surfactant
contained therein is decreased, is superior in foaming efficiency and foam
stability, and gives a favorable feeling after cleansing.
Specifically, the present invention provides a viscous detergent
composition, comprising a component (A) anionic surfactant in an amount of
3 to 25 mass %, a component (B) nonionic cellulose derivative in an amount
of 1 to 2.5 mass %, and a component (C) ethanol and/or polyvalent alcohol in
an amount of 3 to 20 mass %.
Advantageous Effects of Invention
The present invention provides a viscous detergent composition that
has a viscosity favorable for use, is superior in foaming efficiency and foam
stability, and gives a favorable feeling after cleansing.
Brief Description of Drawings
5
Figure 1 is a graph showing the viscosity change of the viscous
detergent composition disclosed herein and also of a conventional detergent
composition in the temperature range of 50 to 5°C. The viscosity of
Example 5 (comparative) at 5°C was higher than the measurable upper limit
of 2,000,000.
Description of Embodiments
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention relates to a viscous detergent composition
comprising a component (A) anionic surfactant, a component (B) nonionic
cellulose derivative, and a component (C) ethanol and/or polyvalent alcohol.
Traditionally to provide a detergent composition with viscosity
suitable for use, thickening by precipitation of fatty acid or by formation of
an ionic structure among surfactant molecules triggered by increase of the
concentration of the surfactant therein has been used. In the case of a
fluidal, relatively low-concentration cleanser such as body soap, a
water-soluble polymer is generally added in a great amount to assist the
thickener.
However, when a high-surfactant-concentration cleanser is used, the
user often feels the cleanser remaining on the skin and has skin tautness
and filmy feeling caused by scum deposition after rinsing. Alternatively
when a water-soluble thickening polymer is blended, the user often has
greasy and chemical-remaining feeling. Such chemical-remaining, skin
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tautness, and greasy feelings, which are unpleasant, are desirably reduced.
Various efforts were paid to alleviate these unpleasant feelings
during use. If the surfactant concentration is lowered, the detergent
composition becomes less viscous, damaged in storage stability, and also less
effective in foaming efficiency and foam stability.
On the other hand, it is known by those who are skilled in the art
that an alcohol, such as ethanol or a polyvalent alcohol, has an action to
reduce viscosity and defoam the detergent composition. Accordingly, it is
unexpected by those who are skilled in the art that an alcohol is used to
increase the viscosity of a detergent composition or to suppress deterioration
of the foaming efficiency and foam stability of the detergent composition.
However, it was found utterly unexpectedly that, when ethanol or a
polyvalent alcohol, which are considered to cause decrease of viscosity or
defoaming, is used in combination with an anionic surfactant and nonionic
cellulose derivatives in particular amounts, the viscosity of the detergent
increases synergistically. It was also found that the detergent composition
in such a combination retains a viscosity suitable for use even when the
content of the anionic surfactant is lowered and gives a favorable feeling
after cleansing.
Accordingly, it is important that the viscous detergent composition
disclosed herein contains the component (A), the component (B), and the
component (C) and these components are contained in particular amounts.
The content of the component (A) is preferably 3 to 25 mass %, that of the
component (B) is preferably 1 to 2.5 mass %, and that of the component (C) is
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preferably 3 to 20 mass %.
In this way, the viscous detergent composition disclosed herein has a
viscosity stable and suitable in the temperature range normally used by the
user. If the fact that conventional detergent compositions become
excessively viscous especially when used at a temperature of 30°C or lower is
taken into consideration, the fact that the viscous detergent composition can
be adjusted to a viscosity suitable for use may be an advantage of the viscous
detergent composition disclosed herein.
The viscosity of the viscous detergent composition disclosed herein
may be adjusted to 1,000,000 mPa·s or less, more preferably 900,000 mPa·s
or less, and 5,000 mPa·s or more at 5°C.
Alternatively, the viscosity of the viscous detergent composition
disclosed herein may be adjusted to 1,000 mPa·s or more, more preferably
2,000 mPa·s or more, and 200,000 mPa·s or less at 30°C.
In addition, the viscosity ratio, i.e., viscosity at 5°C/viscosity at 30°C,
of the viscous detergent composition disclosed herein is preferably in the
range of 3.0 to 5.6.
Alternatively, the viscosity of the viscous detergent composition
disclosed herein may be adjusted to the range of 1,000 to 900,000 mPa·s in a
temperature region of 5 to 50°C. It is preferably adjusted to the range of
2,000 to 500,000 mPa·s, and more preferably in the range of 5,000 to 400,000
Pa·s.
The viscous detergent composition disclosed herein shows favorable
foaming efficiency and foam stability and gives favorable feeling after
cleansing.
8
The "viscosity," as used herein, is a value determined by measuring,
in a favorable viscosity range, the viscosity of the sample left for 24 hours in
a constant temperature bath adjusted to a particular temperature, using a
single-cylinder rotational viscometer (manufactured by Shibaura Systems)
as the rotor, while its rotating speed and measuring period are regulated
appropriately.
The component (A) anionic surfactant used herein is not particularly
limited and may be one or more surfactants selected from the anionic
surfactants exemplified below.
Examples of the components (A) include higher fatty acid salts,
polyoxyethylene alkylethersulfate, N-acylamino acid salts,
N-acylmethyltaurine salts, N-acyltaurine salts, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid
salts, α-olefinsulfonic acid salts, isethionic acid salts, dialkylsulfosuccinic
acid salts, α-sulfonated fatty acid salts, polyoxyethylene
alkylphenylethersulfuric acid salts, alkylphosphoric acid salts,
polyoxyethylene alkyletherphosphoric acid salts, polyoxyethylene
alkylphenyletherphosphoric acid salts, alkylethercarboxylic acid salts, and
the like. Examples of the counter bases include sodium hydroxide,
potassium hydroxide, ammonia, triethanolamine, arginine, lysine, histidine,
ornithine, oxylysine, and the like. Among the compounds above, higher
fatty acid salts, polyoxyethylene alkylethersulfate, N-acylamino acid salts,
and N-acylmethyltaurine salts are favorable.
9
The higher fatty acid salt of the component (A) is not particularly
limited and may be a salt of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, which
may be a straight- or branched-chain fatty acid, for example.
The fatty acid of the higher fatty acid salts has a carbon number of
preferably 8 to 22, and more preferably 12 to 22.
The "fatty acid" of the higher fatty acid salt may be a single fatty acid
or a mixed fatty acid. Examples of them include single fatty acids such as
caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid,
arachidonic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, linolic acid, linoleic acid, isostearic
acid, ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, 2-palmitoleic acid, petroselinic
acid, elaidic acid, ricinoleic acid, linoelaidic acid, and linolenic acid; and
mixed fatty acids such as palm oil fatty acids, beef tallow fatty acids, and
palm kernel oil fatty acids. Favorable among them are lauric acid, myristic
acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palm oil fatty acids, and palm kernel oil fatty
acids.
The higher fatty acid used may be a salt previously neutralized with
a base or alternatively, the higher fatty acid may be neutralized during
production, as they are added separately.
Such a base used in neutralization (hereinafter, referred to as
"counter base") is not particularly limited and may be an inorganic or organic
base.
Examples of the inorganic bases include alkali-metal bases such as
sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; alkali-earth metal bases such as
magnesium hydroxide and the like.
10
Examples of the organic bases include ammonia; alkanolamines such
as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine,
2-amino-2-methylpropanol, and 2-amino-2-methylpropanediol; basic amino
acids such as arginine, lysine, histidine, and the like.
Among the counter bases of higher fatty acid salt above, sodium
hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and triethanolamine are preferable.
The higher fatty acid salts described above may be used alone or in
combination of two or more.
The polyoxyethylene alkylethersulfuric acid salt used as the
component (A) is not particularly limited.
The molar number of ethylene oxide units addition-polymerized is
preferably 1 mole or more, more preferably 1 to 30 moles, and still more
preferably 1 to 10 moles from the point of cleansing and foaming efficiency.
The alkyl group may be a linear or branched group and the number
of the carbons in the alkyl group is preferably 8 to 22, and more preferably 12
to 22. Examples of the alkyl groups include lauryl, myristyl, palmityl,
stearyl, palm oil, and the like and lauryl is preferable among them.
The polyoxyethylene alkylethersulfuric acid for use may be a salt
previously neutralized with a base, or it may be neutralized with a base
during production, as they are added separately.
The "counter base" of the polyoxyethylene alkylethersulfuric acid salt
is, for example, a "counter base" similar to that shown for the higher fatty
acid salt, but preferably, sodium hydroxide, triethanolamine, or ammonia.
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Examples of the polyoxyethylene alkylethersulfuric acid salts include
sodium polyoxyethylene laurylethersulfate, magnesium polyoxyethylene
laurylethersulfate, triethanolamine polyoxyethylene laurylethersulfate,
diethanolamine polyoxyethylene laurylethersulfate, monoethanolamine
polyoxyethylene laurylethersulfate, ammonium polyoxyethylene
laurylethersulfate, sodium polyoxyethylene myristylethersulfate,
triethanolamine polyoxyethylene myristylethersulfate, ammonium
polyoxyethylene myristylethersulfate, and the like. Among the compounds
above, sodium polyoxyethylene laurylethersulfate, triethanolamine
polyoxyethylene laurylethersulfate, and ammonium polyoxyethylene
laurylethersulfate are preferable.
The polyoxyethylene alkylethersulfuric acid salts described above
may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The N-acylamino acid salt used as the component (A) is not
particularly limited.
Examples of the "N-acylamino acids" of the N-acylamino acid salts
include N-acyl-glutamic acids, N-acyl-aspartic acids, N-acyl-DL-alanines,
N-acyl-N-methyl-β-alanines, N-acyl-sarcosines, N-acyl-glycines, and the like.
The "N-acyl" group in the "N-acylamino acids" is preferably a
long-chain group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The "N-acyl" group used
favorably is a saturated fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and it may be
a single acyl group, an acyl group derived from palm oil fatty acid, palm
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kernel oil fatty acid, beef tallow fatty acid, and the like, or a mixture thereof.
Examples of the "N-acyl" groups in the "N-acylamino acids" include
N-lauroyl, N-myristoyl, N-palmitoyl, N-stearoyl, N-oleoyl, and N-palm oil
fatty acid acyl (also referred to as N-cocoyl). Among the groups above,
N-lauroyl and N-palm oil fatty acid acyl groups are preferable.
The "counter base "of the N-acylamino acid salt above is, for example,
a "counter base" similar to that for the higher fatty acid salt above.
Examples of the "organic bases" of the "counter bases" for the
N-acylamino acid salts above include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine,
triethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methylpropanol, 2-amino-2-methylpropanediol,
2-amino-2-hydroxymethylpropanediol arginine, lysine, and histidine.
The N-acylamino acid may be a salt previously neutralized with a
base or it may be neutralized with a base during production, as they are
added separately.
Among the N-acylamino acid salts above, N-acyl-glutamic acid salt is
preferable.
Examples of the N-acyl glutamic acid salts include sodium
N-lauroyl-glutamate, triethanolamine N-lauroyl-glutamate, potassium
N-palm oil fatty acid acyl-glutamate, triethanolamine N-palm oil fatty acid
acyl-glutamate, and the like.
Among the N-acylamino acid salts above, N-long chain acyl-glutamic
acid triethanolamine salts such as the salt of N-palm oil fatty acid
acyl-L-glutamic acid is preferable, as it shows sufficiently high cleansing
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efficiency and is less irritant.
The N-acylamino acid salts described above may be used alone or in
combination of two or more.
The N-acylmethyltaurine salt used as the component (A) is not
particularly limited.
The "N-acyl" group in the N-acylmethyltaurine salt above is, for
example, a "N-acyl" group similar to that for the N-acylamino acid salts
above. The N-acyl group of the N-acylmethyltaurine salt is preferably
N-myristoyl.
Examples of the N-acylmethyltaurine salts above include
N-lauroyl-methyltaurine salts, N-myristoyl-methyltaurine salts,
N-palmitoyl-methyltaurine salts, N-stearoyl-methyltaurine salts,
N-oleoyl-methyltaurine salts, N-palm oil-methyltaurine salts, and the like.
The "counter base" of the N-acylmethyltaurine salt above is, for
example, a "counter base" similar to that for the higher fatty acid salts.
Among the counter bases above, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
and triethanolamine are more preferable from the point of cleansing
efficiency and for reduction of skin tautness after cleansing.
The N-acyl-methyltaurine salt may be a salt previously neutralized
with a base or it may be neutralized with a base during production, as they
are added separately.
Further, the N-acylmethyltaurine salt is more preferably, for
example, N-myristoylmethyltaurine sodium, N-myristoyl-methyltaurine
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potassium, or N-myristoyl-methyltaurine triethanolamine, as it is more
effective in reducing skin tautness.
The N-acylmethyltaurine salts described above may be used alone or
in combination of two or more.
The content of the component (A) anionic surfactant disclosed herein
is preferably 3 to 25 mass %, more preferably 5 to 25 mass %, and still more
preferably 7 to 20 mass %, in the viscous detergent composition.
It is possible to reduce the content of the anionic surfactant to less
than 25 mass % without deterioration in viscosity, foaming efficiency, and
foam stability by combining the components (A) to (C) disclosed herein.
Reduction of the content of the anionic surfactant leads to improvement of
the feeling after cleansing, which is a significant advantage of the viscous
detergent composition disclosed herein.
The component (B) nonionic cellulose derivative used herein is not
particularly limited, and may be one or more compounds selected from the
nonionic cellulose derivatives exemplified below.
The molecular weight of the nonionic cellulose derivative is
preferably 20,000 to 1000,000, more preferably 40,000 to 700,000, and still
more preferably 100,000 to 500,000. The molecular weight can be
determined by GPC-MALLS.
The component (B) nonionic cellulose derivative is preferably a
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cellulosic derivative, in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms of the
hydroxyl groups thereof is replaced with an alkyl group that may be
substituted with a hydroxyl group and/or an alkyl-oxyalkylene (alkyl-(OA)n-)
group [O: oxygen, A: an alkylene group, n: molar addition number] that may
be substituted with a hydroxyl group. Such a nonionic cellulose derivative
substituted with an alkyl group that may be substituted with a hydroxyl
group and/or an alkyl-oxyalkylene group that may be substituted with a
hydroxyl group will be referred to herein as a "hydroxyalkylcellulose."
The degree of substitution is preferably 0.2 to 3.0, more preferably
0.5 to 2.5, and still more preferably 1.0 to 2.0. The degree of substitution
can be determined according to the method for quantitative determination of
hypromellose in Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
The alkyl group above may be a straight-chain, branched-chain, or
cyclic group, but is preferably a straight- or branched-chain group. In
addition, the alkyl group is preferably a group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms,
and more preferably a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
The alkylene group is preferably a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
and an ethylene group is preferable among them. n is preferably 1 to 10,
and more preferably 1 to 4.
The hydroxyalkylcellulose preferably has a viscosity of about 200 to
20,000 (cps, 1.0 wt % aqueous solution).
Among the hydroxyalkylcelluloses above, hydroxyalkylcelluloses and
hydroxyalkylalkylcelluloses are favorable. The hydroxyalkylcellulose and
hydroxyalkylalkylcellulose mean those celluloses containing added
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"oxyalkylene groups."
Examples of the hydroxyalkylcelluloses and
hydroxyalkylalkylcelluloses include hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC),
hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), methyl hydroxyethylcellulose (MHEC), ethyl
hydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC), methyl ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose
(MEHEC), and the like. Among them, HPMC and HEC are used favorably.
The hydroxyalkylcellulose can be produced by a known production
method or a commercial product may be used instead. Examples of the
commercial products include HPMC (METOLOSE 65SH-15000; produced by
Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), HEC (NATROSOL 250HHR; produced by
Hercules, Inc.), MEHEC (STRUCTURE CEL 8000M; produced by Akzo
Nobel), EHEC (STRUCTURE CEL 4400E; produced by Akzo Nobel), and the
like.
The content of the (B) nonionic cellulose derivative described herein
is preferably 1 to 2.5 mass %, and more preferably 1 to 2 mass %in the
viscous detergent composition.
Well known examples of the water-soluble polymer thickeners
include cellulose derivatives such as cationized celluloses and sodium
carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa), and xanthan gum. However, addition
thereof to the detergent composition did not give a viscosity favorable during
use. However, a nonionic cellulose derivative, among cellulose derivatives,
can lead to drastic increase of viscosity in combination with components (A)
and (C), even if the nonionic cellulose derivative is used only in a small
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amount. If the cellulose derivative is used in a small amount, there is
smaller scum deposition, the feeling after cleansing is favorable, and the
viscosity of the detergent composition during use is also favorable, which are
significant advantages of the viscous detergent composition disclosed herein.
The component (C), as used herein, is ethanol and/or a polyvalent
alcohol, and one or more compounds selected from the alcohols exemplified
below can be used.
The component (C) used herein, ethanol and/or a polyvalent alcohol,
preferably has an IOB (inorganic organic balance) of 3.4 or less. Examples
of alcohols having an IOB (inorganic organic balance) of 3.4 or less include
ethanol (2.5), propylene glycol (3.3), dipropylene glycol (1.8), 1,3-butylene
glycol (2.5), 1,2-pentanediol (2.0), and PEG-8 (MW: 400) (2.3) (reference
literature 1: Organic Schematic Diagram by Boku Fujita: "Kagaku no
Ryoiki" Vol. 11, No. 10 (1957) pp. 719-725).
The component (C), polyvalent alcohol, used herein is not
particularly limited.
Examples of the polyvalent alcohols include propylene glycol,
1,3-butylene glycol, isoprene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol, hexylene glycol,
dipropylene glycol, liquid polyethylene glycols, and the like.
Among the components (C) used herein, mono- to bi-valent alcohols
are favorable, and ethanol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butylene
glycol, and 1,2-pentanediol are further preferable. Among the polyvalent
alcohols, dipropylene glycol is preferable, as it has higher thickening
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efficiency and gives a feeling favorably moistened and less greasy, while,
among the polyvalent alcohols, polyethylene glycol is preferable, as it shows
smaller viscosity change by amount. Among the components (C) above,
ethanol is further more preferable.
The content of the component (C) ethanol and/or a polyvalent alcohol
used herein, in the viscous detergent composition, is preferably 3 to 20
mass %, more preferably 3 to 18 mass %, and still more preferably 3 to 15
mass %. Ethanol is contained preferably in an amount of 20 mass % or
more, and more preferably 30 mass % or more in the component (C) alcohols.
The content ratio of ethanol: polyvalent alcohol is preferably 1: 0.1 to 10, and
more preferably 1: 0.2 to 5.
It is known that an alcohol such as ethanol or a polyvalent alcohol
generally leads to deterioration of the viscosity of the detergent compositions
or defoaming of the detergent composition. In particular, because ethanol
shows strong viscosity-reducing and defoaming actions, it is unexpected by
those who are skilled in the art that ethanol is added to the detergent
composition for increase of its viscosity.
However when three components, ethanol and components (A) and
(B), are used in combination as in the detergent composition according to the
present invention, it leads, on the contrary, to drastic increase in viscosity,
permitting production of a viscous detergent composition suited for its
application. Further, even when ethanol is present and the amount of the
component (A) is reduced, the mixture shows favorable foaming efficiency
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and foam stability and gives favorable skin feeling without skin tautness or
greasiness.
Even when the amount of the surfactant is reduced as in the
detergent composition disclosed herein, if a polyvalent alcohol is used and
three components, the polyvalent alcohol and components (A) and (B), are
used in combination, the detergent composition shows, on the contrary,
drastic increase in viscosity and also favorable foaming efficiency and foam
stability. Even when the surfactant is used only in a small amount, it is
possible in this way to preserve the viscosity of the system, make the system
show favorable foaming efficiency and foam stability, and give favorable
feeling of use, for example, in moistness.
Among the components (C), ethanol is favorably used for
improvement of the skin feeling after use, while a polyvalent alcohol is
favorably used for improvement of the moistness after use.
In addition, adjustment of the content of the component (C) disclosed
herein in a particular numerical range is favorable for improvement of
stability over time and foaming efficiency.
The viscous detergent composition disclosed herein may contain, in
addition to the components (A) to (C), components normally used in
preparation of cosmetics, quasi drugs, external medicines, and the like in
suitable amounts in the range that does not impair the advantageous effect
of the invention.
Examples of such components include water (purified water, spring
water, deep ocean water, etc.), amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants,
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cationic surfactants, oil components, water-soluble polymers, powders,
pearlescence agents, film-forming agents, resins, salts, pH adjusters,
chelating agents, organic acids, ultraviolet absorbents, refreshing agents,
antibacterial agents, flavoring agents, deodorants, moisturizers, plant
extracts, vitamins, amino acids, and the like.
Examples of the surfactants other than the components (A) include
amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and cationic surfactants, and
such a surfactant may be contained, as needed, in the viscous detergent
composition disclosed herein.
Examples of the amphoteric surfactants include carboxylic acid-type
surfactants such as amino acid- and betaine-type surfactants; sulfuric acid
ester-type surfactants; sulfonic acid-type surfactants; phosphoric ester-type
surfactants, and the like.
Typical examples of the amphoteric surfactants include
N,N-dimethyl-N-alkyl-N-carboxylmethylammonium betaines,
N,N-dialkylaminoalkylenecarboxylic acids, N,N,N-trialkyl-N-sulfoalkylene
ammonium betaines, N,N-dialkyl-N,N-bis(polyoxyethylene sulfuric acid)
ammonium betaines, 2-alkyl-1-hydroxyethyl-1-carboxymethylimidazolinium
betaines, betaine lauryldimethylaminoacetate, palm oil fatty acid amide
propyl betaine, phospholipids, and the like; and these surfactants may be
used alone or, as needed, in combination of two or more, as properly selected.
Examples of the nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene fatty
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acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene
sorbit fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene castor oils, polyoxyethylene
hydrogenated castor oils, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid
esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol tetra-fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene
glycerol fatty acid esters, glycerol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters,
polyglycerol fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, alkylpolyglucosides,
N-alkyldimethylamine oxides, polyoxyethylene cholesteryl ethers,
polyoxyethylene phytosteryl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers,
polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl
ethers, and the like and these surfactants may be used alone or, as needed, in
combination of two or more, as properly selected.
Among the nonionic surfactants above, glycerol fatty acid esters,
polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene behenyl ether,
polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oils, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters,
and sorbitan fatty acid esters such as sorbitan palmitate are preferable.
Examples of the cationic surfactants include mono-long-chain-alkyl
quaternary ammonium salts, di-long-chain-alkyl quaternary ammonium
salts or ethylene oxide-adduct-type quaternary ammonium salts,
(dicocoylethyl)hydroxyethylmethylammonium methyl sulfate,
(distearoylethyl)hydroxyethylmethylammonium methyl sulfate, and the like
and these surfactants may be used alone or, as needed, in combination of two
or more, as properly selected.
The terms "long-chain alkyl" and "ethylene oxide" are the same as
those described above.
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A liquid to semi-solid oil is preferably used as the component (D) in
the present invention and examples of the components (D) for use include oil
components such as hydrocarbon oils, ester oils, fats, and silicones.
Typical examples thereof include hydrocarbons such as ozokerite,
squalane, squalene, ceresin, paraffin, paraffin wax, liquid paraffin, pristane,
polyisobutylene, vaseline; ester oils such as diisobutyl adipate, 2-hexyldecyl
adipate, di-2-heptylundecyl adipate, N-alkylglycol monoisostearates, isocetyl
isostearate, diglyceryl triisostearate, trimethylolpropane triisostearate,
ethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, cetyl 2-ethylhexanoate,
trimethylolpropane tri-2-ethylhexanoate, pentaerythritol
tetra-2-ethylhexanoate, cetyl octanoate, octyldodecyl gum esters, oleyl oleate,
octyldodecyl oleate, decyl oleate, neopentylglycol dicaprate, triethyl citrate,
2-ethylhexyl succinate, isocetyl stearate, butyl stearate, diisopropyl sebacate,
di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, cetyl lactate, myristyl lactate, isopropyl palmitate,
2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-hexyldecyl palmitate, 2-heptylundecyl palmitate,
cholesteryl 12-hydroxystearate, dipentaerythritol fatty acid esters, isopropyl
myristate, octyldodecyl myristate, 2-hexyldecyl myristate, myristyl
myristate, hexyldecyl dimethyloctanoate, ethyl laurate, hexyl laurate, and
diisostearyl malate; natural oils including vegetable oils such as palm oil,
palm kernel oil, olive oil, safflower oil, soy bean oil, and cottonseed oil, and
animal oils such as beef tallow, neat's foot oil, beef bone fat, hardened beef
tallow, hardened oil, turtle oil, lard, horse oil, mink oil, liver oil, and egg york
oil; lanolin derivatives such as lanolin, liquid lanolins, reduced lanolins,
lanolin alcohols, hard lanolins, lanolin acetates, and lanolin fatty acid
23
isopropyl esters; silicones such as methylpolysiloxanes,
methylphenylpolysiloxanes, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane,
octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, polyether-modified polysiloxanes,
polyoxyalkylene-alkylmethylpolysiloxane-methylpolysiloxane copolymers,
alkoxy-modified polysiloxanes, alkyl-modified polysiloxanes, cross-linkable
organopolysiloxanes, fluorine-modified polysiloxanes, amino-modified
polysiloxanes, glycerol-modified polysiloxanes, higher alkoxy-modified
silicones, and higher fatty acid-modified silicones; and the like. These oils
may be used alone or, as needed, in combination of two or more, as properly
selected.
The content of the component (D) oil in the viscous detergent
composition disclosed herein is preferably 0.01 to 10 mass %, more
preferably 0.05 to 8 mass %, and still more preferably 0.1 to 5 mass %.
A chelating agent or an organic acid is preferably used in the present
invention, as it improves thickening efficiency when the component (A)
higher fatty acid salt described above is used.
Examples of the chelating agents include salts (such as sodium salt,
potassium salt, calcium salt, ammonium salt, and barium salt) of acids such
as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), ethylene glycol
bis(2-aminoethylether)tetraacetic acid,
1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), ethylenediamine
tetra(methylenephosphonic acid), diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid,
tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, polyphosphoric acid, and
metaphosphoric acid. These chelating agents may be used alone or, as
24
needed, in combination of two or more, as properly selected.
Among the compounds above, the chelating agent is preferably one or
more compounds selected from disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate,
trisodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, tetrasodium
ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate,
tripotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, tetrapotassium
ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid
(HEDP), sodium 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate, potassium
1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate and sodium
diethylenetriaminepentaacetate.
The content of the chelating agent in the viscous detergent
composition disclosed herein is preferably 0.001 to 3 mass %, and more
preferably 0.01 to 1 mass %.
The organic acid described above is preferably, for example, an
organic acid having a carbon number of 10 or less. Examples of the organic
acids include acids carrying a short alkyl group having a carbon number of
10 or less such as alkylphosphoric acids, alkylsulfonic acids, and
alkylsulfuric acids; acidic amino acids such as L-glutamic acid and L-aspartic
acid; pyroglutamic acid ; aromatic acids such as benzoic acid,
p-toluenesulfonic acid, xylenesulfonic acid, and naphthalenesulfonic acid;
hydroxy acids; and the like.
Typical examples of the hydroxy acids include glycolic acid, lactic acid,
glyceric acid, gluconic acid, pantothenic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric
25
acid, and the like. These hydroxy acids may be used alone or, as needed, in
combination of two or more, as properly selected.
Among the organic acids above, hydroxy acids are preferable (citric
acid is more preferable).
The content of the organic acid in the viscous detergent composition
disclosed herein is preferably 0.01 to 3 mass %, and more preferably 0.1 to 1
mass %.
The method for producing the viscous detergent composition
disclosed herein is not particularly limited and it is produced by a common
method. It is prepared, for example, by adding and mixing the components
(A) to (C) and, as needed, the optional components described above.
It can be produced by using a mixing/stirring machine, such as a
paddle mixer or an agidisper, for the mixing. The mixing temperature is
preferably 40 to 90°C (favorably 40 to 70°C).
The viscous detergent composition disclosed herein thus obtained,
which has a viscosity favorable for use, shows favorable foaming efficiency
and foam stability, and gives favorable feeling after cleansing, is favorable
for use in cleansing hair or skin and thus, can be used as a shampoo, hand
soap, body shampoo, facial cleanser, or the like, as it is placed in a container
such as a bottle container, pump container, or tube container. The viscous
detergent composition disclosed herein also has an advantage that the
viscosity thereof is mostly independent of pH.
26
The shape of the viscous detergent composition disclosed herein is
not particularly limited, but, as the viscous detergent composition disclosed
herein has a viscosity mostly stable in the temperature zone during use, it is
preferably used in a pump container with dispenser or in a tube container.
The present invention may have the following configurations:
[1] A viscous detergent composition, comprising
a component (A) anionic surfactant in an amount of 3 to 25 mass %,
a component (B) nonionic cellulose derivative in an amount of 1 to 2.5
mass %, and
a component (C) ethanol and/or polyvalent alcohol in an amount of 3 to 20
mass %.
[2] The viscous detergent composition according to [1] above, wherein
the component (C) is a compound having an IOB (inorganic organic balance)
of 3.4 or less.
[3] The viscous detergent composition according to [1] or [2] above,
wherein the component (C) is one or more alcohols selected from ethanol,
propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol,
and liquid polyethylene glycol.
[4] The viscous detergent composition according to any one of [1] to [3]
above, wherein the component (C) is ethanol.
It may contain additionally a polyvalent alcohol and, among
polyvalent alcohols, it preferably contains one or more alcohols selected from
propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol,
and liquid polyethylene glycol.
27
[5] The viscous detergent composition according to any one of [1] to [4]
above, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl groups of the
component (B) cellulose are replaced with an alkyl group that may be
substituted with a hydroxyl group and/or an alkyl-oxyalkylene group that
may be substituted with a hydroxyl group.
[6] The viscous detergent composition according to any one of [1] to [5]
above, wherein the component (B) is one or more compounds selected from
hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC),
methylhydroxyethylcellulose (MEHEC), and ethylhydroxyethylcellulose
(EHEC).
[7] The viscous detergent composition according to any one of [1] to [6]
above, wherein the component (A) is one or more compounds selected from
higher fatty acid salts, polyoxyethylene alkylethersulfate, N-acylamino acid
salts, and N-acylmethyltaurine salts.
[8] The viscous detergent composition according to any one of [1] to [7]
above, wherein the component (A) at least comprises a higher fatty acid salt
and the higher fatty acid has a carbon number of 12 to 22.
[9] The viscous detergent composition according to any one of [1] to [8]
above, wherein the component (A) comprises additionally a polyoxyethylene
alkylethersulfuric acid salt.
[10] The viscous detergent composition according to any one of [1] to [9]
above, wherein the viscous detergent composition has a viscosity of 1,000 to
1,000,000 mPa·s at 5 to 50°C.
Examples
28
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more in detail
with reference to Examples, but it should be understood that the present
invention is not restricted at all by these Examples.
Examples 1 to 3: Facial cleanser
A facial cleanser in the composition shown in Table 1 was prepared in
the preparative method shown below. The viscosity thereof was determined
by using a single-cylinder rotational viscometer (manufactured by Shibaura
Systems) and the results are shown in Table 1.
[Preparative method]
1. Components Nos. 1 to 3 are dissolved under heat at 70°C, and a
solution of component No. 4 in component No. 10 previously heated to 70°C is
added thereto for neutralization. Components Nos. 7 and 8 are added and
dissolved therein.
2. Component No. 5 is dispersed gradually in the mixture from step 1 at
70°C and the mixture is stirred for 5 minutes.
3. The mixture after the step 2 is cooled and stirred continuously until
it is heated to 40°C.
4. After the step 3, component No. 6 is added thereto at 40°C and the
resulting mixture is stirred until it becomes viscous.
5. Component No. 9 is added and mixed with the mixture from step 4
and the resulting mixture is transferred into a container, to give a facial
cleanser.
29
[Table 1]
No. Component Ingredient/composition No. Example
1
Example
2
Example
3
1 A Lauric acid 6 6 6
2 A Myristic acid 3 3 3
3 A Palmitic acid 4 4 4
4 A Potassium hydroxide 3.28 3.28 3.28
5 B HPMC (Note 4) 1.5 − 1.5
6 C Ethanol − 6 6
7 Ethylene glycol distearate 1 1 1
8 EDTA 0.4 0.4 0.4
9 Flavoring agent suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
10 Purified water balance balance balance
Viscosity (30°C) 1380 5.7 32300
HPMC: Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
(Note 4) Metolose 65SH-15000 produced by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
Examples 4 and 5
The relationships between temperature and viscosity of the viscous
detergent composition disclosed herein and also of a conventional detergent
composition were determined by using a single-cylinder rotational
viscometer, and the results are shown in Figure 1 and Table 2.
Major composition of inventive sample: fatty acid: 13%, HPMC: 1.6%,
and EtOH: 8%
Major composition of comparative sample: fatty acid: 30%, HPMC:
1%, and 1,3-BG: 0.77%
[Table 2]
30
Viscosity (mPa·s)
Measurement
temperature 50°C 40°C 30°C 15°C 5°C
Example 4
(Inventive sample) 26,600 35,000 50,000 148,200 335,600
Example 5
(Comparative sample) 3,180 35,500 160,400 1,918,000 2,000,000<
* The viscosity of Example 5 (comparative sample) at 5°C was higher than the
upper measurable limit of 2,000,000.
As shown in Examples 1 to 3, addition of ethanol to an anionic
surfactant and a nonionic cellulose derivative leads to drastic increase of the
viscosity of the viscous detergent composition. Additionally as shown in
Examples 4 and 5, it was possible to make the viscous detergent composition
containing the three components in combination have a reliable and suitable
viscosity in the temperature range of 50 to 5°C. As described above, the
viscous detergent composition containing components (A), (B), and (C) has a
suitable viscosity for use.
Examples 1 to 31 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9: Facial cleanser
Facial cleansers in the compositions shown in Table 3 to 5 were
prepared by the preparative method below; the "foaming efficiency and foam
quality," "solubility," "absence of greasiness after cleansing," "absence of skin
tautness after cleansing," and "skin moistness after cleansing" were
evaluated by the evaluation methods and criteria shown below and the
results are shown in Tables 3 to 5.
In Tables 3 to 5, HPMC, HEC, MHEC, EHEC, (Note 1) to (Note 9),
and ND are as follows: The molecular weights of HPMC, HEC, MEHEC,
31
and EHEC, as determined by GPC-MALLS, were in the range of 100,000 to
500,000. The substitution degrees thereof were in the range of 1.0 to 2.0.
HPMC: Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
HEC: Hydroxyethylcellulose
MHEC: Methylhydroxyethylcellulose
EHEC: Ethylhydroxyethylcellulose
(Note 1) Alscope TH-330K produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.,
purity: 27%, adduct with 3 moles of POE
(Note 2) Aminosurfact ACMT-L produced by Asahi Kasei Chemicals
Corporation, purity: 30%
(Note 3) Neoscope CN-30-SF produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.,
purity: 30%
(Note 4) Metolose 65SH-15000 produced by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
(Note 5) NATROSOL 250HHR produced by Hercules, Inc.
(Note 6) STRUCTURE CEL 8000M produced by Akzo Nobel
(Note 7) STRUCTURE CEL 4400E produced by Akzo Nobel
(Note 8) PEG-8
(Note 9) KF-96-100CS produced by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., molecular
weight: approximately 7000
ND: No Data available, as the viscosity of the liquid was too low in
Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and too high in Comparative Example 5 at
5°C.
The IOB (inorganic organic balance) of the alcohols were as follows:
ethanol (2.5), propylene glycol (3.3), dipropylene glycol (1.8), 1,3-butylene
glycol (2.5), 1,2-pentanediol (2.0), PEG-8 (MW: 400) (2.3), glycerol (5.0), and
32
diglycerin (3.5) (see reference literature 1).

-Apparatus
Liquid supply pump: Shodex DS-4 manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.
Light scattering detector (MALLS): DAWN DSP, Wyatt Technology
Corporation
Concentration detector: Shodex RI-71, Showa Denko K.K.
-Analytical condition
Column: Shodex SB-806 MHQ 40°C
Eluant: 0.1 M NaNO3, 1.0 ml/min
Solvent: 0.1 M NaNO3 (identical with the eluant)
Amount injected: 200 μl
[Preparative method]
1. Components Nos. 1 to 3 are dissolved under heat at 70°C; a solution
of component No.7 in component No.28 previously heated to 70°C is added
thereto for neutralization. Components No. 4 to 6 in the shape of solution
previously prepared are heated to 70°C. Components Nos. 23 and 24 are
added thereto and dissolved therein.
2. Components Nos. 8 to 14 are dispersed gradually in the mixture from
step 1 at 70°C and the mixture is stirred for 5 minutes.
3. After step 2, the mixture is cooled and stirred continuously until it
becomes 40°C.
4. After step 3, components Nos. 15 to 22 are added to the mixture at
33
40°C and the resulting mixture is stirred until it becomes viscous.
Components Nos. 25 to 27 are then added thereto and mixed therewith.
5. The resulting mixture is transferred into a container, to give a facial
cleanser.
[Evaluation method]
The inventive and comparative facial cleansers were examined by 20
panelists who specialize in analysis of cosmetics; the "foaming efficiency and
foam quality," "solubility," "absence of greasiness after cleansing," "absence of
skin tautness after cleansing," and "skin moistness after cleansing" of each
facial cleanser were subjected to 5-rank evaluation test according to the
evaluation criteria below, and the average rating by all panelist point was
determined according to the following criteria:
Evaluation criteria:
[Evaluation result]: [rating]
Very favorable: 5 points
Favorable: 4 points
Good: 3 points
Unfavorable: 2 points
Very unfavorable: 1 point
Criteria:
[Average rating]: [evaluation result]
4.5 or more : ◎
34
3.5 or more and less than 4.5: ○
1.5 or more and less than 3.5: △
less than 1.5: ×
35
[Table 3]
Example
No. Component Ingredient
/composition No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 A Lauric acid 6 3 3 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
2 A Myristic acid 3 1.5 1.5 8 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 A Palmitic acid 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4 A Sodium POE lauryl ether
sulfate (Note 1) 13.5
5 A Triethanolamine palm oil fatty
acid-acyl glutamate (Note 2) 15
6 A Palm oil fatty acid
methyltaurine sodium (Note 3) 15
7 A Potassium hydroxide 3.28 1.64 1.64 5.45 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28
8 B HPMC (Note 4) 2 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 1.5 1 1.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
9 B HEC 2
10 B MHEC 1.5
11 B EHEC 1.5
12 Carboxymethylcellulose sodium
13 Cationized cellulose
14 Xanthan gum
15 C Ethanol 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 10 3 5 10 15 20
16 C Propylene glycol
17 C Dipropylene glycol
18 C 1,3-Butylene glycol
19 C 1,2-Pentanediol
20 C Polyethylene glycol (Note 5)
21 Diglycerin
22 Glycerol
2 3 Ethylene glycol d istearate 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
24 EDTA 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
25 Diglyceryl triisostearate
26 Methylpolysiloxane
27 Flavoring agent suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
28 Purified water balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance
Viscosity (30°C) 59600 2170 19000 48400 27300 18500 23500 4000 19200 152000 65200 83200 57400 4680 31200 22700 18500 13900
Viscosity (5°C) 290000 6560 79500 233000 117800 76900 101000 13300 81200 853000 323000 428000 275000 16100 138000 97200 75200 55100
Storability (50°C, 1 month) ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Foaming efficiency and foam
quality ◎ ○ ○ ◎ ○ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ △
Solubility ○ ◎ ◎ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ △ ○ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ○
Absence of greasiness after
cleansing ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
Absence of skin tautness after
cleansing ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Skin moistness after cleansing ○ ○ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
HPMC: Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Note 1) Alscope TH-330K produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., purity: 27%
HEC: Hydroxyethylcellulose (Note 2) Aminosurfact ACMT-L produced by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, purity: 30%
MEHEC: Methylhydroxyethylcellulose (Note 3) Neoscope CN-30-SF produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., purity: 30%
EHEC: Ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (Note 4) Metolose 65SH-15000 produced by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
(Note 5) PEG-8
36
[Table 4]
Example
No. Component Ingredient
/composition No. 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
1 A Lauric aci d 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
2 A My ristic acid 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 A Palmitic acid 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4 A Sodium POE lauryl ether sulfate (Note 1) 13.5 13.5 13.5
5 A Triethanolamine palm oil fatty acid-acyl
glutamate (Note 2)
6 A Palm oil fatty acid methyltaurine sodium
(Note 3)
7 A Potassium hydroxide 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28
8 B HPMC (Note 4) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
9 B HEC
10 B MHEC
11 B EHEC
12 Carboxymethylcellulose sodium
13 Cationized cellulose
14 Xanthan gum
15 C Ethanol 8 8 4 4 4 3
16 C Propylene glycol 8
17 C Dipropylene glycol 8 8 4 4 3
18 C 1,3-Butylene glycol 8
19 C 1,2-Pentanediol 8
20 C Polyethylene glycol (Note 5) 8 8 4 3
21 Diglycerin
22 Glycerol
23 Ethylene glycol distearate 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
24 EDTA 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
25 Diglyceryl triisostearate 2
26 Methylpolysiloxane 2
27 Flavoring agent suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
28 Purified water balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance
Viscosity (30°C) 15800 31600 29300 30800 17900 50100 49800 44800 25400 35800 24800 18800 22300
Viscosity (5°C) 62500 141000 129000 135000 74300 240000 236000 200200 105500 152800 110200 78300 98800
Storability (50°C, 1 month) ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Foaming efficiency and foam quality ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎
Solubility ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
Absence of greasiness after cleansing ○ ◎ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎
Absence of skin tautness after cleansing ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎
Skin moistness after cleansing ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
HPMC: Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Note 1) Alscope TH-330K produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., purity: 27%
HEC: Hydroxyethylcellulose (Note 2) Aminosurfact ACMT-L produced by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, purity: 30%
MEHEC: Methylhydroxyethylcellulose (Note 3) Neoscope CN-30-SF produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., purity: 30%
EHEC: Ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (Note 4) Metolose 65SH-15000 produced by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
(Note 5) PEG-8
37
[Table 5]
Comparative Example
No. Component Ingredient
/composition No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 A Lauric aci d 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
2 A Myristic acid 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 A Palmitic acid 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4 A Sodium POE lauryl ether sulfate (Note 1)
5 A Triethanolamine palm oil fatty acid-acyl glutamate (Note 2)
6 A Palm oil fatty acid methyltaurine sodium (Note 3)
7 A Potassium hydroxide 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28
8 B HPMC (Note 4) 0.5 3 2 2 1.5 1.5
9 B HEC
10 B MHEC
11 B EHEC
12 Carboxymethylcellulose sodium 2
13 Cationized cellulose 2
14 Xanthan gum 2
15 C Etha nol 8 8 8 8 8 2 25
16 C Propylene glycol
17 C Dipropylene glycol
18 C 1,3-Butylene glycol
19 C 1,2-Pentanediol
20 C Polyethylene glycol (Note 5)
21 Diglycerin 8
22 Glycerol 8
23 Ethylene glycol distearate 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
24 EDTA 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
25 Diglyceryl triisostearate
26 Methylpolysiloxane
27 Flavoring agent suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
suitable
amount
28 Purified water balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance
Viscosity (30°C) ND ND ND 345 594000 670 11760 ND ND
Viscosity (5°C) ND ND ND 924 ND 1840 44900 ND ND
Stor ability (50°C, 1 month) × × × × ○ × ○ × ×
Foaming efficiency and foam quality × × × × △ ◎ × × ×
Solubility ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ × ◎ ○ ◎ ◎
Absence of greasiness after cleansing △ × △ ○ × ○ ○ ○ ○
Absence of skin tautness after cleansing ○ ○ ○ ○ × ○ ○ ○ ○
Skin moistness after cleansing ○ ◎ ◎ ○ × ○ ○ ◎ ◎
HPMC: Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Note 1) Alscope TH-330K produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., purity: 27%
HEC: Hydroxyethylcellulose (Note 2) Aminosurfact ACMT-L produced by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, purity: 30%
MEHEC: Methylhydroxyethylcellulose (Note 3) Neoscope CN-30-SF produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., purity: 30%
EHEC: Ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (Note 4) Metolose 65SH-15000 produced by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
ND: No measurement possible (No data) (Note 5) PEG-8
38
The "viscosity" of each facial cleanser, which was previously left in a
particular preconditioned constant-temperature bath for 24 hours, was
determined in a suitable viscosity range by using a single-cylinder rotational
viscometer (manufactured by Shibaura Systems) as the rotor, and its
rotating speed were regulated properly.
The "storability" of each facial cleanser, which was left in a
constant-temperature bath controlled to 50°C for 1 month, was evaluated
and rated by visual observation according to the following criteria:
Evaluation criteria:
[Evaluation result]: [rating]
Homogeneous without separation or pearl sedimentation: ○
Separation or pearl sedimentation observable: ×
The results of Examples 1 to 31 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9
show that it is desirable for preparation of a viscous detergent composition
that a component (A) anionic surfactant is contained in an amount of 3 to 25
mass %, a component (B) nonionic cellulose derivative in an amount of 1 to
2.5 mass %, and a component (C) ethanol and/or bivalent alcohol in an
amount of 3 to 20 mass %.
The viscosity of the viscous detergent composition at 5°C was 6,000 to
900,000 Pa·s and the viscosity of the viscous detergent composition at 30°C
was 1,000 to 200,000 Pa·s. The viscosity of the viscous detergent
composition was 1,000 to 900,000 mPa·s in the temperature range of 5 to
39
50°C. The viscosity ratio of the viscous detergent composition at 5°C to that
at 30°C was in the range of 3.0 to 5.6.
Among polyvalent alcohols, dipropylene glycol showed higher
thickening efficiency and gave a viscous detergent composition giving a
smooth, moisturized, and less greasy feeling.
Among polyvalent alcohols, polyethylene glycol gave a less viscous
detergent composition having a slightly smaller viscosity change
proportional to the amount thereof added. Accordingly, it gave low viscosity
reliably for a body soap preparation, in which relatively low viscosity is
desired for use, without fluctuation in viscosity due to the amount thereof
added. It also gave a viscous detergent composition giving a slick and
smooth feeling.
Example 32: Shampoo
(Component) (mass %)
1 Sodium polyoxyethylene laurylethersulfate (Note 1) 20
2 Triethanolamine laurylsulfate 4
3 N-Lauroyl-N-methyl-β-alanine triethanolamine 0.9
4 Palm oil fatty acid amide propyl betaine 2
5 Betaine lauryldimethylaminoacetate 0.3
6 Ethylene glycol distearate 1
7 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Note 4) 1
8 Disodium edetate 0.2
9 Sodium benzoate 0.5
10 Citric acid 0.5
40
11 Propylene glycol 8
12 Polyquaternium-7 0.25
13 Purified water balance
14 Ethanol 1
15 Flavoring agent 0.3
16 Menthol 0.2
* 10.9 mass % as anionic surfactant

A. Part of components Nos. 1 to 6 and No. 13 is heated at 70°C and
component No. 7 is dispersed therein and stirred for 10 minutes.
B. After step A, the mixture is cooled and stirred continuously, until it
becomes 40°C.
C. Components Nos. 8 to 12 previously dissolved in component No. 13
are added thereto and the mixture is stirred for 5 minutes.
D. After step C, components Nos. 14 to 16 are added thereto and the
mixture is stirred until it becomes viscous.
E. After step D, the mixture is transferred into a container, to give a
shampoo.

The shampoo of Example 32 was a viscous liquid shampoo that has a
viscosity favorable for use and is superior in all evaluation items including
stability over time, solubility, foaming efficiency and foam quality, feeling
after cleansing (moistness), absence of greasiness, and absence of skin
tautness.
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Example 33: Shampoo
A shampoo of Example 33 was prepared in a manner similar to
Example 32, except that "11 propylene glycol" of shampoo of Example 32
was replaced with "11 dipropylene glycol." The shampoo of Example 33
showed higher thickening efficiency and gave a fresh, moisturized, and less
greasy feeling, as compared with the shampoo of Example 32.
Example 34: Body soap
(Component) (mass %)
1 Lauric acid 6
2 Myristic acid 10
3 Palmitic acid 5
4 Ethylene glycol distearate 1
5 Astaxanthine (Note 10) 0.01
6 Hydroxyethylcellulose 1.5
7 Potassium hydroxide 5.2
8 Disodium edetate 0.2
9 Purified water balance
10 Purified water 2
11 Polyquaternium-7 0.25
12 Glycosyltrehalose 2
13 Flavoring agent 1
14 1,3-Butylene glycol 8
15 1,2-Pentanediol 1
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(Note 10) Astaxanthine-5c (produced by Olyza Oil & Fat Chemical)

A. Components Nos. 1 to 6 are heated to 70°C. Components Nos. 7 to 9
heated to 70°C are then added thereto for neutralization and the mixture is
stirred for 10 minutes.
B. After step A, the mixture is cooled and stirred continuously until it
becomes 40°C.
C. Components Nos. 11 to 15 previously dissolved in component No.10
are added thereto after step B, and the mixture is stirred until it becomes
viscous.
D. After step C, the mixture is transferred into a container, to give a
body soap.

The body soap of Example 34 was a viscous liquid body soap that has
a viscosity favorable for use and was superior in all evaluation items
including stability over time, solubility, foaming efficiency and foam quality,
feeling after cleansing (moistness), absence of greasiness, and absence of
skin tautness.
Example 35: Body soap
A body soap of Example 35 was prepared in a manner similar to
Example 34, except that "14 1,3-butylene glycol" of the body soap of
Example 34 was replaced with "14 polyethylene glycol (Note 8)." The
body soap of Example 35 was relatively less viscous without fluctuation in
43
viscosity due to the amount of polyethylene glycol added, as compared with
the body soap of Example 34, and gave low viscosity reliably. In addition,
the body soap of Example 35 gave a slick and smooth feeling.
44

We Claim:
1. A viscous detergent composition, comprising:
a component (A) anionic surfactant in an amount of 3 to 25 mass %,
a component (B) nonionic cellulose derivative in an amount of 1 to 2.5
mass %, and
a component (C) ethanol and/or polyvalent alcohol having an IOB (inorganic
organic balance) of 3.4 or less in an amount of 3 to 20 mass %.
2. The viscous detergent composition according to Claim 1,
wherein the component (C) is ethanol.
3. The viscous detergent composition according to Claim 1,
wherein the component (C) is one or more compounds selected from ethanol,
propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol,
and liquid polyethylene glycols.
4. The viscous detergent composition according to any one of
Claims 1 to 3, wherein one or more of the hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl
groups in the cellulose of the component (B) are replaced with an alkyl group
that may be substituted with a hydroxyl group and/or an alkyl-oxyalkylene
group that may be substituted with a hydroxyl group.
5. The viscous detergent composition according to any one of
Claims 1 to 4, wherein the component (B) is one or more compounds selected
45
from hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC),
methyl hydroxyethylcellulose (MEHEC) and ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose
(EHEC).
6. The viscous detergent composition according to any one of
Claims 1 to 5, wherein the component (A) is one or more salts selected from
higher fatty acid salts, polyoxyethylene alkylethersulfate , N-acylamino acid
salts, and N-acylmethyltaurine salts.
7. The viscous detergent composition according to any one of
Claims 1 to 6, wherein the component (A) is a higher fatty acid salt and the
higher fatty acid has 12 to 22 carbon atoms.
Dated this 17th day of September, 2015