FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water-cooled Multi-channel Monocondenser glass
apparatus for determination of porosity of powdered metallurgical coke. More particularly,
the present invention is directed to developing a multi-channel monocondenser device
adapted to reduce evaporation losses and improving condensing efficiency during boiling
experiments for porosity/real density determination of powdered coke samples.
Advantageously, the present invention is directed to providing said water cooled multi-
channel monocondenser glass apparatus adapted to simultaneously evaluate porosity/real
density of four different coke samples at a time. The device according to the present
invention is thus capable of providing markedly improved condensing efficiency during
boiling of water-coke mixtures eliminating the need of frequent makeup additions of distilled
water during the testing/experiments facilitating efficient means for experimental evaluation
of desired characteristics property of different powdered metallurgical coke samples and
thus favoring wide scale application in iron and steel plants or testing laboratories.
BACKGROUND ART
It is well known in the related art that porosity is an important property of metallurgical
coke that affects its physico-chemical behaviour in blast furnace operation for manufacture
of pig iron. The transformation of primary pores in parent coal and the subsequent
formation and development of new pores in finished coke are dependent on the final
temperature of carbonization and properties of parent coal. These properties include the
Geiseler temperature of softening and resolidification as well as the characteristics of the
chemical structure of coal organic matter. The impact of contraction of organic matter of
coal and the total mass loss of coal on the pore volume (cm3/g) are also taken into account.
Metallurgical coke is a high porosity material containing numerous large porous features,
which determine the overall coke strength and its reactivity. The porous structure of coke
and its influence on reactivity is well recognized. Though chemical reactivity of coke is
influenced by many factors such as catalysis, volatile matter and moisture content, the
highly porous coke with elemental carbon and residual hydrogen and oxygen largely
controls the rate of metallurgical reactions in a blast furnace operation. It can thus be stated
that non-porous coke is thermodynamically less reactive. A well known developed cell

structure in coke is therefore desirable in terms of achieving optimal coke strength and coke
reactivity. High or low percentage of porosity in coke is an absolute function of the apparent
and real densities of metallurgical coke. Real density is an intrinsic property of the
substance which the porous material is made of. It is defined as the ratio between the dry
mass and the volume of a solid material.
It is further well known in the prevailing art that the traditional method of determining the
porosity of coke involves deriving the same from its apparent and real density values. To
determine the real density of powdered metallurgical coke, mixtures of measured amounts
of powdered coke material and distilled water are taken in a specific gravity bottle and are
boiled for a specified period of time as per the requirements of test standards specified in
IS: 1354:1992. In order to minimize the evaporation loss of water during boiling, the
effervescent vapour is condensed back into the specific gravity bottle by means of a reflux
air condenser fitted onto its top. The poor condensing efficiency and excessive evaporation
loss in the range of ~6.7ml/hr is inherent to the conventional reflux air condensers which
necessitated the development of an alternative device with improved configuration of glass
condenser for determination of porosity of powdered metallurgical coke samples. It is
further observed that the efficiency of condensation with reflux air condensers is extremely
inadequate as the heat transfer through the capillary glass wall to the surrounding
atmosphere is extremely sluggish. As a result, the evaporation losses is substantially higher
typically to the extent of 6.7ml/hr. Some other associated disadvantages of the prior art
device include:
-Longer test/experiment duration;
-Need for continuous manual monitoring to keep track of water level in the bottles due to
vapor loss and its compensation through frequent makeup additions.
-Higher experimental cost due to usage of more number of independent, separate air
condensers for specific gravity bottles.
A number of prior inventions dealt with enhancing the condensation efficiency and
improving the heat exchange efficiency for glass based vapor condensers applied in
boiling/distillation and condensation of water vapour.
WO 2004/039472 Al disclosed methods of preventing damage to a glass vessel forming
part of or comprising a condenser, in which the vessel is chilled prior to and during a

condensing step and in which in use solid condensed solvent collects on the inside of the
vessel and is allowed to defrost and melt after the condensing step, and the liquid is drained
from the glass vessel before the latter is chilled again. Apparatus for performing the method
includes a temperature sensitive control system which prevents the temperature of the
glass vessel from dropping sufficiently to allow the liquid to re-freeze before all the liquid
has drained from the vessel. Any increase in volume due to unwanted freezing is
accommodated by a variable volume device. This may comprise a variable volume reservoir,
typically a resiliently expansible chamber.
This invention is applicable to apparatus and method of condensation wherein a chilling step
before condensing step takes place which involves complex components and process for
control. This prior art also do not deal with multiple condensation simultaneously.
US Patent 4,353, 217 disclosed a direct contact type multi-stage steam condenser system
having a high vacuum stage steam condenser disposed above a low vacuum stage steam
condenser with a water supplying tank for the low vacuum stage condenser disposed there
between. The high and low vacuum stage condensers and the water supplying tank are
formed integrally as a single unit. The water supplying tank, which also serves as a gas-
tight seal between the condenser stages, is formed above a water sprinkling board provided
in the upper portion of the low vacuum stage condenser. Condensed water falls under its
own weight thereby eliminating the need for intermediate pressurizing pumps.
This prior art improves the condensation efficiency by involving two stages but deals with
only one working fluid/condensate and thus do not involve the concept of multi-channel for
dealing with a plurality of different samples/condensates.
US 5,766, 320 is a prior patent that disclosed an integral deaerator for a heat pipe steam
condenser having a main steam duct connected to a heat pipe steam condenser duct by a
riser. The heat pipe steam condenser duct is inclined slightly toward the riser and a weir is
positioned at the connection between the riser and heat pipe steam condenser duct to
prevent condensate from draining directly into the riser. Steam is provided to the main
steam duct for condensation in the heat pipe steam condenser and while in transit. The
steam heats and deaerates the condensate which is drained out at the bottom of the main
steam duct through drain boot.

This prior art deals with an integral deaerator with a condenser but do not provide for
multiple condensation with simultaneous distillation of different samples.
US 2,582, 969 relates to a chemical apparatus and in particular, to a glass condenser which
is adaptable for use in the recovery of volatile solvents. The general object of the invention
is to provide a condenser for use with chemical flasks for purposes of condensing vapors
given off by the flask contents during a chemical or physical reaction and such a condenser
is substantially inert with respect to any corrosive action of the vapor. The condenser forms
a satisfactory seal by simple gravity contact with the rim of the flask. It is an intention to
provide an improved condenser to replace a metal tube coil condenser for the extraction
and solution of rubbers, tars, bituminous materials, etc.
Thus the above prior art solved the problem of corrosion for condensing chemically active
vapors by providing a glass condenser replacing metal counterpart.
US 3,930,959 disclosed a combined water distiller and cooler having a boiler and a steam
condenser incorporating an expansion chamber with an air inlet over a distilled water
accumulating tank so that condensing steam and water condensate may mix with air to
improve the potable quality of the distilled water before it drains into the accumulator tank.
The evaporator of a refrigeration system used to cool the distilled water is located inside of
the distilled water accumulator tank as is the steam condenser coil, so that the combined
cooling effect of the refrigerant evaporator and the chilled distilled water are used to
condense stream to water in the condenser coil.
US Patent 4,113,571 disclosed a distillation unit for purification of water, to be coupled to a
water line or other source of water. The unit consists of a relatively slender boiler with an
internal diffuser screen, which is fed with water at the same rate as it is removed by the
distilling process. The steam from the boiler is led to a detachable condenser, the distillate
being collected in a novel collector system.
US Patent 4,381,817 states about a wet/dry steam condenser in accordance with the
present invention includes two spaced-apart, vertically aligned groups of heat pipes with
each group having the lower, evaporator sections of their respective heat pipes exposed to
the interior of an associated, longitudinally extending steam-receiving plenum. The upper,
condensing section of each heat pipe is provided with fin structures and can be selectively

cooled by a fan-induced air flow and/or deluge water supplied from either a flood water
trough and/or a spray-head assembly.
US 6,192,978 described a process for making micro-multiport tubing for use in automobile
air conditioner heat exchangers. The tubes are metal extruded and cold worked to improve
the metallurgical strength of the tubing.
Thus none of the above prior arts aim to solve the limitation of vapor loss during
condensation nor do they provide a faster process for distillation and condensation with
enhanced condensation efficiency while providing means for simultaneous boiling
experiments with a plurality of solvent water based samples.
There has thus been a need in the art for testing and experimental determination of the
porosity/real density of the powdered metallurgical coke for use in blast furnace and the
like, to developing an apparatus to carry out said experiments involving boiling of powdered
coke mixed with water, favoring minimizing vapor losses as well as condensation time and
to substantially improve the overall efficiency of condensation. Said device would provide a
composite glass fabricated condenser configuration adapted to replace conventional use of a
plurality of independent reflux air condensers while determining porosity/real density of at
least four different coke samples through simultaneous testing/experimentation.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The basic object of the present invention is thus directed to developing a composite
configuration of glass condenser adapted to carry out testing/boiling experiments for
porosity/real density determination of different powdered metallurgical coke samples
simultaneously avoiding vapour loss and with improved condensation efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is directed to developing said composite
configuration of glass condenser adapted to carry out testing/boiling experiments for
porosity/real density determination of different powdered metallurgical coke samples
wherein a water cooled multi-channel monocondenser according to an embodiment of the

invention is configured to perform testing/experiments on at least four different coke
samples simultaneously with accuracy, efficiency and economy.
A further object of the present invention is directed to developing said composite
configuration of glass condenser, preferably a water cooled multi-channel mono condenser
adapted to carry out testing/boiling experiments for porosity/real density determination of
different powdered metallurgical coke samples adapted to reduce the evaporation loss down
to about 0.3ml/hr from existing 6.7ml/hr and thus favoring faster experimentation and
determination of porosity of different coke samples simultaneously.
A still further object of the present invention is directed to developing said water cooled
multi-channel mono condenser adapted to carry out testing/boiling experiments for
porosity/real density determination of wherein a single glass condensing device suffices
operation and handles four specific gravity bottles that contains metallurgical Coke
powdered samples.
A still further object of the present invention is directed to developing said water cooled
multi-channel mono condenser for porosity/real density determination of coke samples
wherein the testing process would be faster and cost of testing is significantly reduced due
to reduction of multiple reflux air condensers and accessories.
A still further object of the present invention is directed to developing said water cooled
multi-channel mono condenser for porosity/real density determination of coke samples
adapted to favour eliminating the need for constant monitoring of water level during the
boiling experiment and minimize the frequency of makeup water addition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The basic aspect of the present invention is thus directed to a Water cooled multi-channel
monocondenser system for simultaneous porosity determination of a plurality of powdered
metallurgical coke samples comprising
a main jacket of said condenser with water inlet and outlet provision;

a plurality of twin-arc condensation channels/tubes inserted and fused inside said main
jacket ;
a one end of projecting tube connected at the bottom end of each twin arc condensation
channel on outer surface of the main jacket;
a plurality of specific gravity bottles of specified volume connected to the other open ends of
each of said projecting tube for containing the coke sample mixed with distilled water.
Another aspect of the present invention is directed to said Water cooled multi-channel
monocondenser system, wherein said condenser is an all-glass apparatus and said a
plurality of twin-arc condensation channels/tubes inserted and fused inside said main jacket
with equal spacing.
A further aspect of the present invention is directed to said Water cooled multi-channel
monocondenser system, wherein said main jacket is made from a borosilicate (light wall)
glass of 25 - 35 mm outer diameter (OD) and 18 -25 cm in length and.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said Water cooled multi-channel
monocondenser system, wherein twin arc condensation channels/tubes are at least four in
numbers for simultaneous experimentation with at least four powdered coke samples.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said Water cooled multi-channel
monocondenser system, wherein said twin arc condensation tubes are glass tubes of 08 -
15 mm OD prepared separately by bending both ends of tubes in an arc-like configuration
so as to facilitate being fused inside the main glass jacket.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said Water cooled multi-channel
monocondenser system, wherein both ends of glass jacket are joined by light wall glass
tubes of 08 - 15 mm OD for making inlet and outlet for the flow of cooling water after the
condensation channels have been fused inside the main glass jacket.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said Water cooled multi-channel
monocondenser system, wherein all ends of projecting tubes are fine ground and polished
to a superior finish for connection to specific gravity bottles of desired volume.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said Water cooled multi-channel
monocondenser system, wherein all projecting tubes are bend to substantially in the shape
of a quadrant of a circle made of glass tube of 08 - 12 mm OD.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for
simultaneous testing and evaluation/determination of porosity of a plurality of powdered
metallurgical coke samples at a time using said water cooled multi-channel monocondenser
comprising
providing specified accurately weighed and prepared each powdered coke sample inside
each of the specific gravity bottle with distilled water filled in said bottles;
subjecting the different powdered coke samples with water taken in each of said specific
gravity bottles simultaneously to evaporation/condensation experiment as per applicable
standards(IS: 1354:1992) to determine the Real density;
subjecting samples to test procedure as per applicable standards to determine
simultaneously the Apparent density of each coke sample;
computing the porosity of each coke sample using said real density and apparent density
values for respective coke samples.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to a method, wherein the multi-
channel monocondenser configuration reduces the evaporation losses in the range of 0.2 to
0.4 ml/hr and preferably 0.3 ml/hr.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to a method, wherein the need for
constant monitoring of water level is eliminated and the frequency of makeup water
additions is minimized during the boiling experiments.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said a method, wherein the test
duration is significantly reduced due to reduction in evaporation loss and improved
condensation efficiency.
The present invention and its objects and advantages are described in greater details with
reference to the accompanying non limiting illustrative figures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING FIGURES
Figure 1: is the schematic illustration of an embodiment of the experimental set up for the
porosity determination of four different powdered coke samples according to the
conventional method using independent reflux condenser each attached to separate specific
gravity bottle for desired boiling experimentation/ testing.
Figure 2: is the graphical illustration of the high rate of evaporation losses (expressed in
ml/hr) in the conventional method of porosity/real density determination of powdered coke
samples using reflux air condenser.
Figure 3: is the schematic illustration of an embodiment of the all glass water cooled multi-
channel monocondenser according to the present invention showing the assembly of
different components of the device/apparatus for simultaneous porosity/real density
determination of a plurality of powdered metallurgical coke samples with minimized vapour
loss and high condensing efficiency.
Figure 4a: is the schematic illustration of the main jacket showing water inlet and outlet
portions of the multi-channel monocondenser of the present invention.
Figure 4b: is the schematic illustration of the twin arc condensation channel/tube used in
the assembly of the multi-channel monocondenser of the present invention.
Figure 4c: is the schematic illustration of the projecting tube for the twin arc condensation
channel for the multi-channel mono condenser of the present invention.

Figure 5: is the graphical plot of the evaporation loss with reduced rate of vapor loss in
ml/hr using the water cooled multi-channel monocondenser of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH REFERENCE TO THE
ACCOMPANYING FIGURES
The present invention relates to an improved device and test method for porosity or
real/apparent density determination for powdered metallurgical coke. More particularly, the
invention is directed to a water cooled all glass multi-channel monocondenser for
simultaneous determination of porosity/real density of a plurality of, at least four, powdered
metallurgical coke samples by boiling experimentation with controlled/minimized vapour
loss and improved condensation efficiency, in simple faster and reliable manner.
Reference is first invited to the accompanying Figure 1, that illustrates the conventional
test set up involving independent reflux air condenser based experimental setup, connected
to respective specific gravity bottle containing the samples for determining porosity/real
density of powdered coke samples wherein said test method suffers from high vapour loss,
low condensation efficiency and longer condensation time for testing of samples. As clearly
apparent from the accompanying Figure 1, for evaluating the real density of four separate
powdered metallurgical coke samples using the conventional method, the following items
are used in the testing set up:
50ml Specific Gravity bottle -4nos.;
Reflux air condenser- 4nos.;
Hot water bath- 1no. to maintain a temperature of 40°C;
Wash bottles containing air-free distilled water;
To determine real density of four different coke samples with the conventional experimental
setup, four separate freshly rinsed specific gravity bottles are taken and filled initially with
distilled water. Each specific gravity bottle is mounted with its own separate and
independent reflux air condenser as schematically shown in accompanying Figure 1. All four
bottles are then placed and heated in a water bath for one hour at a constant temperature
of 40°C. At the end of one hour, the specific gravity bottles are removed out of the water
bath and allowed to cool down to room temperature and weighed(say Mj). The specific

gravity bottles are then emptied and dried. Near 2 grams of accurately weighed (say M) and
prepared powdered coke sample is taken in each bottle. About 25 ml of air free distilled
water is also added to each sample in specific gravity bottles. The bottles are then re-
mounted with independent reflux air condensers and boiled under partial vacuum in the
glycerin bath for half an hour. The condensers are once again dismantled from the bottles.
Now, the bottles are filled to the brim (50ml capacity) with make-up additions of distilled
water at about 40°C and the condensers are re-mounted once again. The bottles with coke-
water mixtures are placed in constant temperature water bath maintained at 40°C for one
hour. During this period, any contraction of the liquid is compensated through additions of
distilled water at 40°C. After one hour, the specific gravity bottles are removed from the hot
water bath and cooled down to the room temperature, dried and weighed. Final weight (say
M2) of the specific gravity bottle with water and coke is measured and used to compute the
real density of the coke sample as follows:
Real Density(X)= M/(M + M1 + M2) X 0.99224
Where,
M= mass of dry coke in grams;
M1= mass of specific gravity bottle with water in grams; and
M2= mass of specific gravity bottle with water and coke in grams;
0.99224=Specific gravity of water.
The Apparent density of coke sample is determined through another set of similar procedure
following the relevant standard IS: 1354:1992 which is obtained as:
Apparent Density(Y) = (Weight of the coke sample)/(weight of displaced water)
The percentage of porosity is then calculated from these two density values as:
Porosity(P) = (X-Y)/X *100
The prevailing method of determination of porosity of the powdered coke sample using the
independent reflux condenser attached to separate specific gravity bottles has been found
to suffer from a number of disadvantages like very high evaporation loss during the tests,
low condensation efficiency, frequent compensation of water by makeup additions, higher
setup costs due to use of plurality of condensers, longer test duration. It is observed that
the efficiency of condensation with reflux air condensers is extremely inadequate as the

heat transfer through the condensating glass wall to the surrounding atmosphere is very
sluggish. The rate of evaporation loss in the existing test method using the independent
reflux air condenser based device has been shown in the accompanying Figure 2 and is
observed to be typically of the order of 6.7ml/hr.
The present invention is thus directed to designing and developing a composite all glass
condensation device capable of simultaneously carrying out boiling experimentation of a
plurality of powdered metallurgical coke samples with substantial reduction of evaporation
loss and improved condensation efficiency, reducing the experiment time for determining
porosity of coke samples. The present invention is thus directed to replacing the ineffective
reflux air condensers with a water cooled multichannel monocondenser made of glass for
determining porosity of powdered metallurgical coke samples.
The basic principle and methodology as described above using the convention test setup for
determining the porosity of coke samples by finding experimentally the Real density and the
Apparent density of powdered coke samples remain same while the device of the present
invention is used for the testing purpose.
Reference is now invited to the accompanying Figure 3 that schematically illustrate the
complete assembled all glass made water cooled multi-channel monocondenser (MMC)
according to the present invention. A borosilicate light walled glass tube of 25 - 35 mm
outer diameter(OD) with 18 - 25 cm length has been used to construct the main water
jacket(WJ) with provision for water inlet(WI) and outlet(WO) as illustrated in the
accompanying Figure 4a. Four numbers of condensation tubes or channels of 10mm OD
are separately prepared by bending both ends of the tubes in an arc like design so as to
fuse the twin arc condensation channels/tubes(TAC), as illustrated in the accompanying
Figure 4b, inside the main glass jacket as shown in the assembly of Figure 3. The twin arc
condensation channels/tubes four in numbers, according to an embodiment of the multi-
channel monocondenser as of the present invention, are carefully inserted and fused inside
the jacket one after the other. Subsequently, both ends of the glass jacket are joined by
light wall glass tubes of 08 - 15 mm OD for making inlet(WI) and outlet(WO) for the flow of
cooling water, after the condensation channels(TAC) have been fused inside the main water
jacket(WJ). Finally, four number of projecting glass tubes (PT) of 08 - 12 mm OD , bend to
form substantially semicircular shapes, as illustrated in the accompanying Figure 4c, are
joined and at the bottom end of each twin arc condensation channels(TAC) on outer surface

of the main jacket, for connecting and operating four separate specific gravity bottle with
coke samples mixed with distilled water during the boiling experimentation. All open ends of
projecting tubes (PT) are finely ground and polished to a superior finish for leak proof
detachable connection with specific gravity bottles.
The water cooled all glass multichannel monocondenser (MMC) device so fabricated is
adapted to determine the real density that leads to determine porosity of at least four
different powdered coke samples, after the value of Apparent density is taken into account
in a faster, energy efficient and reduced evaporation loss during boiling experimentation.
The resultant reduction in the evaporation loss is graphically presented in the accompanying
Figure 5. It is observed that the evaporation loss is limited only to 0.2 - 0.4 ml/hr as
compared to about 6.7ml/hr obtained using the conventional device and method.
The multichannel monocondenser device according to the present invention is thus adapted
to achieve the following advantageous end results:
1. The water cooled glass condenser configuration reduces the evaporation losses
limited to only about 0.2 - 0.4 ml/hr and improves the condensation efficiency by a
great margin.
2. The multi-channel monocondenser configuration enables simultaneous testing and
evaluation of at least four coke samples at a time. A single glass condensing device
provide means for operation and handling of four specific gravity bottles with coke
samples.
3. Saving in equipments and handling costs due to reduction in number of condensers
and accessories.
4. The multichannel monocondenser reduces the vapor loss substantially and thus
eliminate the need for constant monitoring of water level during the boiling
experiment and minimizes the frequency of makeup water additions.
5. The test durations has also been significantly reduced due to higher heat transfer
rate and improved condensation efficiency as well as avoiding frequent make water
additions.

It is thus possible by way of the present invention to developing an all glass multi-channel
monocondenser device for experimental determination of porosity of a plurality of different
powdered metallurgical coke samples simultaneously with minimized evaporation losses and
makeup water addition, enhanced condensation efficiency as well as heat transfer rate in
boiling experiments so that the time for each experimentation is significantly reduced. The
device and method of the invention would thus favor on one hand the operational efficiency
in testing and experimentation for quick determination of porosity of coke samples in quick
succession with required precision and reliability favoring uninterrupted supply of good
quality coke to the blast furnace operation in a productive manner with significant cost
advantage.

We Claim:
1. Water cooled multi-channel monocondenser system for simultaneous porosity
determination of a plurality of powdered metallurgical coke samples comprising
a main jacket of said condenser with water inlet and outlet provision;
a plurality of twin-arc condensation channels/tubes inserted and fused inside said main
jacket;
a projecting tube connected at the bottom end of each twin arc condensation channel on
outer surface of the main jacket;
a plurality of specific gravity bottles of specified volume connected to the open ends of each
of said projecting tube for containing the coke sample mixed with distilled water.
2. Water cooled multi-channel monocondenser system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said
said condenser is an all-glass apparatus and said a plurality of twin-arc condensation
channels/tubes inserted and fused inside said main jacket with equal spacing.
3. Water cooled multi-channel monocondenser system as claimed in claims 1 or 2, wherein
said main jacket is made from a borosilicate light wall glass of 25 - 35 mm outer diameter
(OD) and 18 - 25 cm in length and.
4. Water cooled multi-channel monocondenser system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to
3, wherein twin arc condensation channels/tubes are at least four in numbers for
simultaneous experimentation with at least four powdered coke samples.
5. Water cooled multi-channel monocondenser system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to
4, wherein said twin arc condensation tubes are glass tubes of 08 - 15 mm OD prepared
separately by bending both ends of tubes in an arc-like configuration so as to facilitate
being fused inside the main glass jacket.

6. Water cooled multi-channel monocondenser system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to
5, wherein both ends of glass jacket are joined by light wall glass tubes of 08 - 15mm OD
for making inlet and outlet for the flow of cooling water after the condensation channels
have been fused inside the main glass jacket.
7. Water cooled multi-channel monocondenser system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to
6, wherein all ends of projecting tubes are fine ground and polished to a superior finish for
connection to specific gravity bottles of desired volume.
8. Water cooled multi-channel monocondenser system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to
7, wherein all projecting tubes are bend to substantially in the shape of a quadrant of a
circle made of glass tube of 08 - 12 mm OD.
9. A method for simultaneous testing and evaluation/determination of porosity of a plurality
of powdered metallurgical coke samples at a time using said water cooled multi-channel
monocondenser as claimed in claims 1 to 8 comprising
providing specified accurately weighed and prepared each powdered coke sample inside
each of the specific gravity bottle with distilled water filled in said bottles;
subjecting the different powdered coke samples with water taken in each of said specific
gravity bottles simultaneously to evaporation/condensation experiment as per applicable
standards(IS: 1354:1992) to determine the Real density;
subjecting samples to test procedure as per applicable standards to determine
simultaneously the Apparent density of each coke sample;
computing the porosity of each coke sample using said real density and apparent density
values for respective coke samples.
10. A method as claimed in claim S, wherein the multi-channel monocondenser
configuration reduces the evaporation losses in the range of 0.2 to 0.4 ml/hr and
preferably 0.3 ml/hr.

11. A method as claimed in claim 9 or 10, wherein the need for constant monitoring of water
level is eliminated and the frequency of makeup water additions is minimized during the
boiling experiments.
12. A method as claimed in anyone of claims 9 to 31, wherein the test duration is
significantly reduced due to reduction in evaporation loss and improved condensation
efficiency.
13. Water cooled multi-channel monocondenser system for simultaneous porosity
determination of different powdered metallurgical coke samples and a method of its
implementation as herein described with reference to the accompanying non limiting
figures.

The present invention relates to a water-cooled Multi-channel Monocondenser glass
apparatus for determination of porosity of powdered metallurgical coke. More particularly,
the present invention is directed to developing a multi-channel monocondenser device
adapted to reduce evaporation losses and improving condensing efficiency during boiling
experiments for porosity determination of powdered coke samples. Advantageously, the
present invention is directed to providing said water cooled multi-channel monocondenser
glass apparatus adapted to simultaneously evaluate porosity of four different coke samples
at a time. The device is thus capable of providing markedly improved condensing efficiency
during boiling of water-coke mixtures eliminating the need of frequent makeup additions of
distilled water during the testing/experiments facilitating efficient means for experimental
evaluation of desired characteristics property of different powdered metallurgical coke
samples. The evaporation loss is reduced to 0.3 ml/hr from conventional 6.7 ml/hr and the
testing time is also reduced significantly and thus favoring wide scale application in iron and
steel plants or testing laboratories.