DESCRIPTION
Title of Invention
WATER-SOLUBLE CUTTING FLUID STOCK SOLUTION
COMPOSITION, CUTTING FLUID COMPOSITION, AND
CUTTING METHOD
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a stock solution composition for
a water-soluble cutting fluid, a water-soluble cutting fluid composition,
and a cutting method, .and specifically relates to a water-soluble cutting
fluid: composition suitable for cutting a material to be processed
comprising aluminum or alloys thereof, copper or alloys thereof, or
steel, a stock solution composition which can provide a water-soluble
cutting 'fluid composition thereof by dilution with water, and a cutting
--method-in-which -the- aforementioned-water=soluble-cutting -fluid -- - - - - - --
15 composition is used.
Background A;
[0002] When steel or nonferrous materials are subjected to cutting such
as turning, plaining, boring, and milling, a cutting fluid is used. The
purpose of using a cutting fluid is to reduce fi-iction between a tool and a
20 material to be processed or swarf, to remove swarf, to prevent formation
of a built-up edge, to prevent heat generation, to provide cooling, and
the like, and thereby, extension of the tool life and the machining
accuracy have been attempted.
[0003] Generally, cutting fluids are largely classified as water-insoluble
25 cutting fluids, the main purpose of which is lubricating action, and
. . . water-soluble cutting fluids, the main purpose of which is cooling
action. A conventional water-soluble cutting fluid is prepared by
blending a surfactant, such as a polyoxyethylene monoalkyl ether, a
polyoxyethylene monoalkyl phenyl ether, a fatty acid salt, and a
sulfonate; an oily agent, such as a partial ester of a fatty acid salt and a
polyhydric alcohol; an extreme pressure agent, such as a
polyoxyethylene phosphoric acid ester; and a corrosion inhibitor, such
as an arnine, a phosphate, a molybdate, a tungstate, a borate, and a
nitrite to water (for example, see Patent Literature I).
[0004] A water-soluble cutting fluid to be used is diluted with water
I ., .l.o usually by a factor of about 20 to about 50. As can be seen fiom this, ~ the performance required for water-soluble cutting -fluids is cooling
properties or processability exploiting the cooling properties.
Insufficient cooling properties may cause heat to not be removed during
- _ - - -_ - ~processing,~~with~the~material~to~be~cut~thus~maedlhteirinngg~ -aton-dth e -- .
15 tool, thereby resulting in processing defects. Alternatively, in order to
use the water-soluble cutting fluid stably, emulsification stability and
. . decay ' resistance are also regarded as important. Insufficient
emulsification stability may cause the fluid to separate into water and
oi,l content, making it not only impossible to achieve the performance as
20 designed, but also resulting in abrasion powder of cut metal aggregating
to adhere to the materials. When this happens, removal in the post step
is required, and thus, the productivity will be reduced. Decay
resistance is also important performance: in a water-soluble cutting fluid
containing much water, bacteria and molds are prone to proliferate, and
25 if decay occurs, the performance will be decreased, or its odor will
significantly deteriorate working environments.
Citation List
I Patent Literature
[0005] Patent Literature 1 : JP H08-239683
I Summary of Invention
5 Technical Problem
[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a water-soluble
cutting fluid composition which is excellent in emulsification stability,
decay resistance, ~d processability and is suitable for cutting a material
to be processed comprising aluminum or alloys thereof, copper or alloys
10 thereof, or steel, a stock solution composition which is diluted with
water to be able to provide a water-soluble cutting fluid composition
thereof, and a cutting method in, which the aforementioned
water-soluble cutting fluid composition is used.
--Solution=to=Problem--- -
-- - - - - - -
, -i_l__Y___-_--
15 [0007] To solve the problem described above, the present invention
provides a stock solution composition for a water-soluble cutting fluid ;
described in the following [I] to [3], a cutting fluid composition
described .in the following [4], and a cutting method described in the
following [5].
20 [I] A stock solution composition for a water-soluble cutting fluid
comprising not less than 0.3% by mass and not more than 7.0% by mass
of at least one mine compound selected from aromatic tertiary amines
and heterocyclic tertiary mines, not less than 0.1% by mass and not
more than 5.0% by mass of water, and not less than 70% by mass and
25' not more than 98% by mass of an mineral oil on the basis of the total
, 1 (
a", . amount of the stock solution composition.
[2] The stock solution composition according to [I], wherein the
aromatic component in the mineral oil is not less than 10% by mass.
[3] The stock solution composition according to [l] or [2], wherein the
heterocyclic tertiary arnine is dimorpholine or N-ethylmorpholine.
5 [4] A water-soluble cutting fluid composition prepared by diluting the
stock solution composition according to any one of [l] to [3] with water
by a factor of not less than 5 and not more than 50.
[5] A cutting method for cutting a material to be cut comprising at least
one metal selected from aluminum-and alloys thereof, copper and alloys
10 thereof, and steel by using the water-soluble cutting fluid composition
according to [4].
I Advantageous Effects of Invention
[0008] According to the present invention, a water-soluble cutting fluid
-- - --- composition -which-is --excellent- in--emulsification -stability,- - decay- - - - - - -
15 resistance, and processability and is suitable for cutting a material to be
processed comprising aluminum or alloys thereof, copper or alloys
thereof, or steel, a stock solution composition which is diluted with
water to be able to provide a water-soluble cutting fluid composition
thereof, and a cutting method in which the aforementioned
20 water-soluble cutting fluid composition is used are provided.
Description of Embodiments
[0009] Hereinbelow, preferred embodiments of the present invention
will be described in detail.
[OO 101 [First embodiment: water-soluble cutting fluid stock solution
25 composition]
. The water-soluble cutting fluid composition according to the
first embodiment of the present invention (hereinbelow, also simply
referred to as the "stock solution composition") comprises not less than
0.3% by mass and not more than 7.0% by mass of at least one amine
compound selected fiom aromatic tertiary amines and heterocyclic
tertiary amines, not less than 0.1% by mass and not more than 5.0% by
mass of water, and not less than 70% by mass and not more than 98%
by mass of an mineral oil on the basis of the total amount of the stock
solution composition.
[0011] Examples of the aromatic tertiary amines include
triphenylamine, ei(methylphenyl)amine, tri(ethylphenyl)amine,
tri(propylphenyl)amine, tri(butylphenyl)amine,
,tri(phenoxyphenyl)amine, tri(benzylphenyl)amine,
diphenylmethylamine, diphenylethylamine, diphenylpropylamine,
- _. --diphenylbutylmine,diphenylhexylamine, --diphenylcyclohexylamine,- - - - -
(prop ylphenyl)dimethylamine, (buty 1phenyl)dimethy lamine,
bis(methylphenyl)methylamine, bis(ethylphenyl)methylqine,
20 bis(propylphenyl)methylamine, bis(butylphenyl)methylamine,
N,Nf -di(hydroxyethyl)aniline, N,Nf -di(hydroxypropyl)aniline,
N,Nf-di(hydroxybutyl)aniline, and diisopropanol-p-toluidine. Among
6,
them, from the viewpoint of emulsification stability and decay
resistance, tri(methylphenyl)amine, tri(ethylphenyl)amine, and
25 tri(propylpheny1)amine are preferred.
[0012] Specific examples of the heterocyclic tertiary amines include
pyridine compounds such as picolines, isoquinoline, and quinolines,
imidazole compounds, pyrazole compounds, morpholine compounds,
piperazine compounds, and piperidine compounds.
[00,13] Additionally, examples of the pyridine compound include
5 N,N1-dimethyl-4-aminopyridineb,i pyridine, and 2,6-lutidine. Among
them, f. r. om, the viewpoint of emulsification- stability and decay
resistance, ~,~'-dimeth~l-4-amino~~isi pdreifneerr ed.
[OO 141 Additionally, examples of the imidazole compound include
trimellitate, 1 -cyanoethyl-2-undecylimidazoliurn trimellitate,
- -- - -- 1- benzyl-2-formylimidazole,1 - benzyl-imidazole, and 1- ally~~midazole-.-
15 Among them, from the viewpoint of emulsification stability and decay
resistance, 1 -benzyl-2-methylimidazole and
1 -benzyl-2-phenylimidazole are preferred.
[0015] Examples of the pyrazole compound include pyrazole and
1,4-dimethylpyrazole. Among them, fiom the viewpoint of
20 emulsification stability and decay resistance, pyrazole is preferred.
[OO 161 Examples of the morpholine compound include morpholine,
dimorpholine, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)morpholine, N-ethylmorpholine,
N-methylmorpholine, and 2,2'-dimorpholine diethylether. Among
them, from the viewpoint of emulsification stability and decay
. .
25 resistance, dimorpholine, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)morpholine, and
N-et. h,y lmorpholine are preferred.
[0017] Examples of the piperazine compound include
1 -(2-hydroxyethy1)piperazine and N,N1-dimethylpiperazine. Among
them, fiom the viewpoint of emulsification stability and decay
resistance, N,N'-dimethylpiperazine is preferred.
[0018] Examples of the piperidine compound include
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine, N-ethylpiperidine, N-propylpiperidine,
N-bu-tylpiperidine, N-hexylpiperidine, N-cyclohexylpiperidine, and
N-octylpiperidine. Among them, fiom the viewpoint of emulsification
stability and decay resistance, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine,
N-propylpiperidine, and N-butylpiperidine are preferred.
[0019] In the present embodiment, only one of either the aromatic
tertiary amines or the heterocyclic tertiary amines may be used, or one
or two or more of the aromatic tertiary amines and one or two or more
of-the. heterocyclic -tertiary-amines-may-be-used-in combination.-Erom- - - -
the viewpoint of emulsification stability and decay resistance, the
heterocyclic tertiary mines are more preferred, and among the
heterocyclic tertiary mines, dimorpholine,
4-(2-hydroxyethyl)morpholine, and N-ethylmorpholine, which are
morpholine compounds, are preferred, and dimorpholine and
N-ethylmorpholine are particularly preferred.
[0020] The content of the aromatic tertiary mines andlor the
heterocyclic tertiary amines is not less than 0.3% by mass on the basis
bf the total mount of the stock solution compound. A content of not
less than 0.5% by mass is preferred, not less than 1 .O% by mass is more
25 prefemed, not less than 1.5% by mass is still more preferred, and not
less than 2.0% by mass is most preferred. If the content is less than the
aforementioned lower limit, a sufficient effect may not be achieved with
respect to emulsification stability and decay resistance. Addit'ionally,
the content is not more than 7.0% by mass on the basis of the total
amount of the stock solution compound. A content of not more than
6.5% by mass is preferred, not more than 6.0% by mass is more
preferred, not more than 5.0% by mass is still more preferred, and not
more -than 4.5% by mass is most preferred. If the content exceeds the
aforementioned upper limit, an effect corresponding to the addition
tends not to be achieved, and also, there may be a risk of inhibiting the
10 processability.
[0021]. The stock solution composition according to the present
embodiment comprises not less than 0.1% by mass and not more than
5.0% by mass of water on the basis of the total amount of the stock
-- _ - - solution-composition. The-stock-solution-composition-is-diluted-with- - - - - -- -
-1 5 water inits use, but it is possible to obtain good emulsification stability
by blending an appropriate amount of water into the stock solution in
advance.
[0022] As the water, it is possible to use optional ones such as industrial
water, tap water, ion exchange water, distilled water, water treated with
20 activated cibon or a common domestic water purifier, and water having
absorbed moisture from the atmosphere.
[0023] The content of water is not less 0.1% by mass and not more than
5.0% by mass on the basis of the total amount of the stock solution
composition. The lower limit of the content of water is not less than
25 0.1% by mass with respect to emulsification stability, not less than 0.5%
by mass is preferred, and not less than 1.0% by mass is most preferred.
Additionally, the upper limit of the content is not more than 5.0% by
mass also with respect to emulsification stability, not more than 4.0% by
mass is more preferred, and not more than 3.0% by mass is most
preferred.
5 [0024] The method for blending water is not particularly limited, but
examples include (1) a method in which water is added and dissolved
into the stock solution in the same manner as usual additives; (2) a
method in which a sur.factant and water are mixed in advance, and the
mixed solution is blended into a base oil; (3) a method in which water is
10 forcibly blended and dispersed by using a stirring device such as a
homogenizer; (4)' a method in which steam is blown into a base oil to
thereby forcibly blend.and disperse water; and (5) a method in which I
the moisture in the atmosphere is allowed to be naturally absorbed.
--- -- ,-- _ _- --LO-0-25_l, The- sto-ck- solution~composition acc_ording,30--the--present_ - - - - - --
15 embodiment comprises not less than 70% by mass and not more than
98% by,mass of a mineral oil on the basis of the total amount of the
stock solution composition. The mineral oil is used as the base oil.
[0026] Examples of the mineral oil include mineral oils used as a base
'\,
material for kerosene, light oil, spindle oil, machine oil, turbine ,oil,
20 cylinder oil, and liquid paraffin oil. More specific examples include
paraffin-base or naphthene-base mineral oil obtained by subjecting a
lubricant oil fraction obtained by atmospheric distillation or vacuum ,, ~ ~
distillation of a paraffin-base crude oil, an intermediate base crude oil,
or a naphthene-base crude oil to any one of or any suitable combination
25 of two or more of refining mehs selected from solvent deasphalting,
solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic
I dewaxing, hydrorefining, sulhic acid treatment, and clay treatment.
[0027] The content of mineral oil is not less than 70% by mass on the
basis of the total amount of the stock solution composition, preferably
not less than 75% by mass, and more preferably not less than 80% by
5 mass.
Meanwhile, the content of mineral oil is not more than 98% by
mass on the basis of the total amount of the stock solution composition,
not more than 93% by mass is preferred, and not more than 90% by
mass 'is most preferred.
10 If the content of the mineral oil is within the aforementioned
range, it is possible to achieve excellent emulsification stability.
[00283 The viscosity of the mineral oil is not particularly limited, but in
terms of the kinematic viscosity at 40°C, not less than 2 mm2/sec is
preferredi not less than 5 rnm2/sec is more preferred, and not less than
. .
1.5 10 mdsec is most preferred. If the viscosity is less than the
aforementioned lower limit, there may be a risk of reduction in the
processability.
Meanwhile, in terms of the viscosity of ,the mineral oil, not more
than 150 rnm2/sec is preferred, not more than 100 mm2/sec is more
preferred, and not more than 80 mm2/sec is most preferred. If the
I viscosity exceeds the aforementioned upper limit, there may be a risk of
impairing the emulsification stability.
[0029] The composition of the mineral oil is not particularly limited,
but the composition of the base oil, which occupies most of the
25 composition, greatly affects the processability and emulsification
stability of the cutting fluid. In this sense, it is preferred that the
aromatic content of the mineral oil to be used as a base oil be not less
than 10% by volume, it is more preferred that the aromatic content be
not less than 15% by volume, and it is most preferred that the aromatic
content be not less than 20% by volume. The aromatic content of the
mineral oil is usually not more than 40% by mass. In the present
invention, the "aromatic content" refers to a value determined by
applying a fluorescent indicator adsorption method according to the JIS
K2536, "Petroleum products - Testing method of hydrocarbons types".
[0030] It should be noted that the stock solution composition according
to the present embodiment may be one comprising only a mineral oil as
the base oil, or may be one comprising a mixed base oil of a mineral oil
and a synthetic oil provided that the content of the mineral oil is not less
than 70% by mass on the basis of the total amount of the stock solution
- composition.- - - -- -- - -. - - -- --- - -- - - -- - - - -
[0031] The stock solution composition according to the present
embodiment may be one comprising at least one amine compound
selected from aromatic tertiary amines and heterocyclic tertiary amines,
water, and a mineral oil, and known additives usually blended in the
past water-soluble cutting fluid can be added as required.
[0032] For example, when comprising a water-soluble metal corrosion
inhibitor, the stock solution composition according to the present
embodiment is effective for improving the anti-corrosion function of the
fluid composition. Examples of the water-soluble metal corrosion
inhibitor include sodium salt or potassium salt of an inorganic acid such
as boric acid, tungsten acid, molybdenum acid, phosphoric ,acid,
carbonic acid, sulfuric acid, silicic acid, nitric acid, and nitrous acid;
triazoles such as benzotriazole, methyl benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, and
hydrocarbyl, triazole, and salt thereof; thiazoles such as
mercapto-benzothiazole, and salt thereof; aliphatic alkanolamides;
imidazolines; and oxazolines.
5 [0033] In the case where the stock solution composition according to
the present embodiment comprises the aforementioned additives, the
content (in the case where two or more additives are comprised, their
total content) is usually selected in the range of not more than 20% by
mass on'the basis of the total amount of the stock solution composition.
-1 0 [0034] [Second embodiment: water-soluble cutting fluid composition]
A water-soluble cutting fluid composition according to the
second embodiment of the present invention is prepared by diluting a
stock solution composition for a water-soluble cutting fluid comprising
- -- - - -- - - -not-less-than-0.3Y0-by-mass-and-not-m-othraen -7.0!%0- by-mass-of-at-least - - - - - - -
15 one amine compound selected fkom aromatic tertiary amines and
heterocyclic'.ter@ry amines, not 1ess.than 0.1% by mass and not more
than 5.0% by mass of water, and not less than 70% by mass and not
more than 98% by mass of a mineral oil on the basis of the stock
solution composition with water by a factor of not less than 5 and not
20 more than 50. It should be noted that the stock solution composition in
the ,present embodiment is similar to the stock solution composition
according to the aforementioned first embodiment, and overlapping
description will be omitted here.
[0035] As the water used for diluting the stock solution composition, it
25 is possible to use optional ones such as industrial water, tap water, ion
. e exchange water, distilled water, water treated with activated carbon or a
common domestic water purifier, and water having absorbed moisture
fiom the atmosphere. The type of the water used for diluting the stock
solution composition may be the same as or different fiom the type of
the water contained in the stock solution composition.
5 [0036] The mass ratiois a factor of not less than 5, preferably a factor
of not less than 7, and more preferably a factor of not less than 10 in the
volume ratio to the stock solution composition, from the viewpoint of
cooling properties. Additionally, the mass aatio is a factor of not more
than 50, preferably a factor of not more than 40, and more preferably a
10 factor of not more than '30 in the volume ratio to the. stock solution
composition, from the viewpoint of processability.
[0037] [Third embodiment: cutting method]
A cutting method according to the third embodiment of the
-- - . - - .-present-invention-comprises-a-step -of cutting-a- material-to-b-e c u t - - - -
15 comprising at least one metal selected from aluminum and alloys
thereof, copper and alloys thereof, and steel by using a water-soluble
cutting fluid composition prepared by diluting a stock solution
composition for a water-soluble cutting fluid comprising not less than
0.3% by mass and not more than 7.0% by mass of at least one mine
20 compound selected fiom aromatic tertiary amines and heterocyclic
tertiary amines, not less than 0.1% by mass and not more than 5.0% by
mass of water, and not less than 70% by mass and not more than 98%
by mass of a miners! .oil on the basis of the total amount of the stock
solution composition with water by a factor of not less than 5 and not
25 more than 50. It should be noted that the stock solution composition
and the water-soluble cutting fluid composition in the present
embodiment are similar to the stock solution for the water-soluble
cutting fluid according to the aforementioned first embodiment and the
water-soluble cutting fluid composition according to the aforementioned
second embodiment, respectively, and overlapping description will be
5 omitted here.
I [0038] In the cutting method according to the present embodiment, the
aforementioned water-soluble cutting fluid composition excellent in
emulsification stability, decay resistance, and processability is used, and
thus the method is usehl as a method for cutting a material to be cut
10 comprising at least one metal selected. from aluminum and alloys
thereof, copper and alloys thereof, and steel.
Example
'[0039] Hereinbelow, the present invention will be described more
15 .present invention is not limited in any way .by the Examples below.
[0040] [Examples 1. to 27 q d Comparative Examples 1 to 121
In Examples 1 to 27 and Comparative Examples 1 to 12, amine
compounds A1 to A10, mineral oils B1 to B8, other additives C1 to C5,
each shown below, and water (U.S. hardness 64) were used to prepare
20 water-soluble cutting fluid stock solution compositions having the
composition shown in Tables 1 to 4.
[004 11
A 1 : tri(methylpheny1)amine
A2: N,N'-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine
25 A3 : 1 -benzyl-2-phenylimidazole
A4: pyrazole
A5 : dimorpholine
A6: 4-(2-hydroxyethy1)morpholine
A7: N-ethylmorpholine
A8: N,N1-dimethylpiperazine
A9: N-(2-hydroxyethy1)piperidine
A 10: triethanolarnine
[0042] <~ineraoli l>
B1: mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 40°C 24 mm2/sec, aromatic
content 12% by mass)
B2: mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 40°C 22 mm2/sec, aromatic
content 22% by mass)
B3: mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 40°C 93 mm2/sec, aromatic
content 14% by mass)
--Li-----.A--B4z:fm:i:ngf a 1 E o i : 1 7 . ( . ~ . ~ g m ~ ~ i ~ = ~ i i ~ ~2 ~ ~ i i @ = a t = ~ . ~ ~ c ~ -i - ---
:15 content 12% by mass)
, B5: mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 40°C 144 mm2/sec, aromatic
content 14% by mass)
B6: mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 40°C 27 rnrn2/sec, aromatic
content 6.7% by mass)
20 B7: mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 40°C 1.2 mm2/sec, aromatic
content 13% by mass)
B8: mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 40°C 162 mm2/sec, aromatic
content 14% by mass)
[0043]
25 C 1 : sodium sulphonate
C2: potassium oleate
C3 : polyethylene glycol (average degree of polymerization 12)
C4: oleic acid monoester of polyethylene glycol (average degree of
polymerization 4.5)
C5: silicone oil
[0044] Then, the stock solution compositions of Examples 1 to 27 and
Comparative Examples 1 to 12 were used, and the following evaluation
tests were conducted. It should be noted that the dilution ratio was a
factor of 5 (20%) in Examples 1 to 26 and Comparative Examples 1 to
10, a factor of 50 (2%) in Example 27, a factor of 3 (33%) in
10 Comparative Example 1 1, and a factor of 100 (1 %) in Comparative
Example 12 (both ratios were mass ratios. The numerical values in the
1 parentheses mean the content of the stock solution composition on the
basis of the total amount of the cutting fluid composition.).
15 Evaluation was conducted according to JIS K224.1:
Emulsification stability test. However, tap water (U.S. hardness 64)
was .used as the water for dilution. Also, the dilution concentration
was a factor of 20 (stock solution concentration 5%), and the total of the
oil layer and the cream layer was evaluated 24 hours after
20 emulsification. Evaluation criteria in the present test are as follows.
The results obtained are shown in Tables 1 to 4.
A: The total of the oil layer and the cream layer is less than 1 mL.
B: The total of the oil layer and the cream layer is not less than 1 mb,
and less than 2 mL.
25 B: The total of the oil layer and the cream layer is not less than 1 mL
and less than 2 mL. " .- -
C: The total of the oil layer and the cream layer is not less than 2 mL
and less than 3 mL.
D: The total of the oil layer and the cream layer is not less than 3 mL
and less than 4 mL.
5 E: The total of the oil layer and the cream layer is not less than 4 mL
and less than 5 mL.
F: The total of the oil layer and the cream layer is not less than 5 mL.
[0046]
Tap water (U.S. hardness 64) was used to dilute the stock
10 solution composition by a factor of 20 to prepare a fluid composition.
Then, to 300 mL of the fluid composition, 15 g of bacterial strain (fluid
used by a customer and decayed, the total number of bacteria of not less
than 10~1mLw) as added and stirred at 30°C and 60 revolutionslminute.
After seven days, the total number of bacteria in the fluid was
15 determined with San-ai Biochecker TTC manufactured by SAN-AI OIL
CO., LTD. The same test was conducted on UNISOLUBLE EM-L
(diluted by a factor of 50) manufactured by JX Nippon Oil & Energy
Corporation as a reference oil, and the total numbers of bacteria were
compared. Evaluation criteria in the present test are as follows. The
20 results obtained are shown in Tables 1 to 4.
A: The total number of bacteria is less than the reference oil.
B: The total number of bacteria is equivalent to the reference oil.
C: The total number of bacteria is more than the reference oil.
2 5 Evaluation was conducted by determining the tapping energy
efficiency (TEE) from a tapping evaluation test with a rolled tap.
The material evaluated was aluminum (AC8A).
B-NRT B M8 (pitch 1.25) manufactured by OSG Corporation
was used as the tool to conduct processing evaluation on the lower hole
of 7.4 mm at a number of revolutions of 360 revolutions/minute and a
5 feed rate of 9 rnfminute.
It should be noted that reference oil used was UNISOLUBLE
EM-L (diluted by a factor of 20) manufactured by JX Nippon Oil &
Energy Corporation, and both the reference oil and the oil to be
evaluated were diluted with tap water by a factor of 20.
10 The tapping energy efficiency is a value obtained by dividing
the tapping energy of the reference oil (torque integration on
processing) by the tapping energy of the oil to be evaluated, and defined
by the following formula: .
- (-Tapping-energy-efficiency,-%)=(-Tapping- energy-of the reference-oil-/- - - -- - - - -
Tapping energy of the test oil) x 100. In terms of a fluid composition
of which tapping energy efficiency exceeds 100, its processability is
better than the reference oil. Evaluation criteria in the present test are
as follows. The results obtained are shown in Tables 1 to 4.
A: The tapping energy efficiency is not less than 110.
B: The tapping energy efficiency is less than 110 and not more than 105.
C: The tapping energy efficiency is less than 105 and not more than 95.
D: The tapping energy efficiency is less than 95.
[0048] [Table 11
(112)

Example
6 1 7 1 8 1 9 1 1 0
Composition
(% -by mass)
-
Evaluation
-- - - Other additive el - - -. pp --
Water
Emulsification stability
Decay resistance
Processabilitv
D C
2 2 2 2 2
C
B A B B B
C C A C C
D D

Other additive
[0050] [Table 31
[005 I] [Table 41
(112)

Industrial Applicability
[0052] The stock solution composition, the .cutting fluid composition,
and the cutting method exert an excellent effect with respect to
emulsification stability, decay resistance, and processability and are
highly useful in cutting a material to be cut comprising at least one
metal selected fiom aluminum and alloys thereof, copper and alloys
thereof, and steel.

CLAIMS
1. A stock solution composition for a water-soluble cutting fluid
comprising:
not less than 0.3% by mass and not more than 7.0% by mass of
5 at least one amine compound selected fiom aromatic tertiary amines and
heter.o . cyclic tertiary mines;
not less than 0.1% by mass and not more than 5.0% by mass of
water; and
not less than 70% by mass and not more than 98% by mass of a
mineral oil;
on the basis of the total .&ount of the stock solution
composition.
2. The stock solution composition according to claim 1, wherein an
aromatic-content in-the-mineral-oil-is-not-less-than-l-0%-by-mass.-- -- -
3. The stock solution composition according to claim 1 or 2,
wherein the 'heterocyclic tertiary mine is dimorpholine or
N-ethylmorpholine.
4. A water-soluble cutting fluid composition prepared by diluting
the stock solution composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3
20 with water by a factor of not less than 5 and not more than 50 (mass
ratio).
5. A cutting method for cutting a material to be cut. compri'sing ,at
least one metal selected fiom aluriink and alloys thereof, copper and
alloys thereof, and steel by using the water-soluble cutting fluid
25 composition according to claim 4.