Specification
Field
The present invention relates to a water treatment
system and a method therefor for effluent generated in a
boiler plant or a chemical plant facility, for example.
5 Background
For example, in a process plant of a power plant or a
chemical plant, effluent is generated in, for example, a
boiler, a reactor, a wet cooling tower of a condenser, a
water treatment device, and so on. There are various kinds
10 of treatment devices proposed to treat such effluent, but
there may be a problem in which any of these treatment
devices requires high cost. To solve such a problem, there
is a proposed boiler provided with a waste water treatment
device in which alkaline blow water is neutralized by
15 spraying, into a flue gas duct, cooling water (blow water)
of a cooling tower of a boiler as mists having a droplet
diameter from 20 to 120 m (Patent Literature 1).
Further, there is another proposed waste water
treatment device in which an amount of waste water which
20 can be evaporated by spraying effluent into a flue gas duct
is increased (Patent Literature 2).
Citation List
Patent Literature
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Laid-open Patent
25 Publication No. 8-47693
Patent Literature 2: Japanese Laid-open Patent
Publication No. 2001-29939
Summary
Technical Problem
30 However, according to the invention of Patent
Literature 1, the waste water can be treated easily and at
3
low cost, but there is problems in which treatment may not
be performed in the case an amount of the waste water is
increased relative to thermal energy (temperature, flow
rate) of flue gas and an energy amount required to
5 evaporate the increased waste water becomes large.
Further, according to the invention of Patent
Literature 2, an amount of waste water can be reduced by a
concentration device, but there is a problem in which
output of a steam turbine may be decreased because a part
10 of steam generated in a boiler is bled in the concentration
device.
Furthermore, since the flue gas discharged from a
boiler plant may contain trace amounts of toxic substances
such as mercury in addition to nitrogen oxide and sulfur
15 oxide, a countermeasure against mercury is required in
order to perform water treatment by mixing waste water in
other plant facility.
Therefore, providing an effective treatment technology
is strongly demanded, according to which, the effluent
20 generated in a process plant of, for example, a power plant
or a chemical plant, such as the effluent discharged from a
boiler, a reactor, a wet cooling tower of a condenser, a
water treatment device, and the like can be treated at low
cost in consideration of a countermeasure against mercury
25 discharge without deteriorating efficiency of the boiler.
In consideration of the above problems, the present
invention is directed to providing a water treatment system
and a method therefor for effluent generated in a plant
facility.
30 Solution to Problem
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the
first aspect of the present invention isa water treatment
4
system including: a wet desulfurization device that removes
sulfur oxide from boiler flue gas; a dewatering device that
separates gypsum from desulfurization waste water which
contains gypsum slurry and which is obtained from the wet
desulfurization device; a mercury removing 5 unit to which is
introduced separated water that is obtained from the
dewatering device, and which immobilizes heavy metals
present in the separated water by inputting a chelating
agent; a solid-liquid separation unit that performs solid10
liquid separation with respect to solid content present in
separated water obtained from the mercury removing unit; a
mixing unit that mixes separated water obtained from the
solid-liquid separation unit with effluent generated in a
plant facility; a desalination device that removes salt
15 content from mixed water obtained by the mixing unit; and a
spray drying device that includes a spraying unit, which
sprays concentrated water in which salt content has been
concentrated by the desalination device, and that performs
spray drying using a part of the boiler flue gas.
20 The second aspect of the present invention is a water
treatment system including: a wet desulfurization device
that removes sulfur oxide from boiler flue gas; a
dewatering device that separates gypsum from
desulfurization waste water which contains gypsum slurry
25 and which is obtained from the wet desulfurization device;
a mixing unit that mixes separated water obtained from the
dewatering device with effluent generated in a plant
facility; a reaction tank to which mixed water obtained by
the mixing unit is introduced and which immobilizes heavy
30 metals present in separated water by inputting a chelating
agent; a solid-liquid separation unit that performs solidliquid
separation with respect to solid content present in
mixed water obtained from the reaction tank; a desalination
5
device that removes salt content from mixed water subjected
to solid-liquid separation; and a spray drying device that
includes a spraying unit which sprays concentrated water in
which salt content has been concentrated by the
desalination device, and that performs 5 orms spray drying using a
part of the boiler flue gas.
The third aspect of the present invention is the water
treatment system according to the first or the second
aspect further including a membrane treatment unit that
10 performs treatment using a membrane having univalent
selectivity with respect to separated water obtained after
separation performed by the solid-liquid separation unit.
The fourth aspect of the present invention is the
water treatment system according to any one of the first to
15 the third aspects, wherein the desalination device removes
bivalent salt content present in the effluent.
The fifth aspect of the present invention is the
water treatment system according to any one of the first to
the fourth aspects, wherein the desalination device
20 includes a scale prevention agent supplying unit that
supplies a scale prevention agent to the mixed water
containing bivalent ions such as Ca ions; a first
desalination device that is disposed at a downstream side
of the scale prevention agent supplying unit and that
25 separates the mixed water into reclaimed water and
concentrated water in which the Ca ions have been
concentrated; a crystallization tank that is disposed at a
downstream side of the first desalination device and that
is used in crystalizing gypsum from the concentrated water;
30 a separating unit that separates the gypsum crystalized and
concentrated water obtained from the first desalination
device; and a second desalination device that is disposed
at a downstream side of the separating unit and separates
6
the concentrated water into reclaimed water and
concentrated water in which the Ca ions have been
concentrated.
The sixth aspect of the present invention is the
water treatment system according to the fifth 5 aspect,
wherein the desalination device further includes a
separating unit that separates concentrated water obtained
from the second desalination device; and a third
desalination device that is disposed at a downstream side
10 of the separating unit and that separates the concentrated
water into reclaimed water and concentrated water in which
the Ca ions have been concentrated.
The seventh aspect of the present invention is the
water treatment system according to the fifth aspect of the
15 invention, further including an oxidation-reduction
potentiometer that measures the oxidation-reduction
potential of mixed water to be introduced into the first
desalination device.
The eighth aspect of the present invention is the
20 water treatment system according to the seventh aspect of
the invention, wherein a value (X) of the oxidationreduction
potential of the mixed water, which is measured
by the oxidation-reduction potentiometer, satisfies -
0.69V
First, metal ions present in the effluent 22 are
roughly removed as metal hydroxide at the sedimentation
tank 53 and the filtering device 54.
29
In the case where the effluent 22 is highly acidic, an
alkaline agent (e.g., Ca(OH)2) 71 and polymer (e.g.,
anionic polymer (trade name: Hishifloc H3O5 manufactured by
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Mechatronics Systems Ltd.) 72
are input to the effluent 22 at an adding tank 52 5 2 adjacent
to the upstream side of the sedimentation tank 53, and pH
inside the sedimentation tank 53 is controlled be in an
alkaline pH area (e.g., pH: 8.5 to 11).
In this pH area, solubility of calcium carbonate and
10 metal hydroxide is low, and when calcium carbonate and
metal hydroxide is supersaturated, the calcium carbonate
and metal hydroxide are precipitated and deposit on a
bottom portion of the sedimentation tank 53.
Further, solubility of metal hydroxide depends on pH.
15 The more acidic the metal ions are, the higher the
solubility in water is. Since most of the metal hydroxide
has low solubility in the above-mentioned pH area, the
metals contained in the effluent 22 deposit on the bottom
portion of the sedimentation tank 53 as the metal
20 hydroxide. Here, sediment 53a is separately discharged from
the bottom portion for treatment.
The effluent 22 which is supernatant liquid inside the
sedimentation tank 53 is discharged from the sedimentation
tank 53. Ferrous flocculant (e.g., FeCl3) 73 is added to
25 the discharged effluent 22, and the solid content of
calcium carbonate, metal hydroxide, etc. present in the
effluent 22 is flocculated together with Fe(OH)3.
The mixed water 111 is fed to the filtering device 54.
The solid content flocculated together with Fe(OH)3 is
30 removed by the filtering device 54.
Among the metals, Fe is easily precipitated as a
hydroxide in the case of an acidic state. When the mixed
water 111 containing a large amount of Fe ions is flown
30
into the first desalination device 55A, scale containing Fe
is generated in the first desalination device 55A, and
further iron hydroxide, etc. deposit in the crystallization
tank 61. Due to this, in the present embodiment, treatment
conditions at the sedimentation tank 53, an adding 5 ng amount
of FeCl3, etc. are suitably set such that the concentration
of Fe ions in the mixed water 111 becomes 0.05 ppm or lower
after pretreatment with alkali and before flowing into the
first desalination device 55A, considering prevention of
10 scale generation in the first desalination device 55A.
Note that the pretreatment can be omitted depending on
water quality of the mixed water 111.
In the supplying unit that supplies the scale
15 prevention agent 74, a predetermined amount of the scale
prevention agent 74 is supplied to the mixed water 111 from
a tank not illustrated. A control unit not illustrated
controls the concentration of the scale prevention agent 74
to be a predetermined value set in accordance with
20 properties of the mixed water 111.
The supplying unit of a pH adjuster 75 in a first pH
adjustment process controls, by using the scale prevention
agent 74, the pH of the mixed water 111 at an entrance side
25 of the first desalination device 55A so as to be a value
(e.g., about pH 5.5) at which precipitation of scale
containing Ca (gypsum, calcium carbonate) is suppressed.
This control includes measuring the pH of the mixed water
111 at the entrance side of the first desalination device
30 55A.
Meanwhile, this first pH adjustment process is omitted
in a modified example in which the first pH adjusting unit
is not provided.
31
The pH-adjusted mixed water 111 is treated in the
first desalination device 55A. Permeated water which has
permeated the reverse osmosis membrane 55a of the first
desalination device 55A is recovered 5 ed as the reclaimed water
33a from which salt content has been removed.
In this upstream side separation process, ions
contained in the mixed water 111 and the scale prevention
agent 74 cannot permeate the reverse osmosis membrane 55a.
10 Therefore, highly concentrated water 31a having the high
ion concentration is present on a non-impermeable side of
the reverse osmosis membrane 55a. The concentrated water
31a of the first desalination device 55A is fed to the
crystallization tank 61. For example, in the case of using
15 a different desalination device such as a continuous
deionization, the mixed water 111 is also separated into
treated water and the concentrated water having the high
ion concentration.
Here, in the case where the pH is high in the first
20 desalination device 55A, silica exists on a surface of the
reverse osmosis membrane 55a as ionic silica.
More specifically, in the case where the concentration
is 200 mg SiO2/L or higher, for example, silica can exist
as the ionic silica when the pH is high.
25 In contrast, in the case where the pH is low in the
first desalination device 55A, silica is precipitated as
gelled silica.
More specifically, in the case where the concentration
is 200 mg SiO2/L or lower, for example, silica can exist as
30 the ionic silica when the pH is high.
In the case where the concentration is 200 mg SiO2/L
or lower, silica can be prevented from gelling (or gelling
of silica can be delayed) by using the scale prevention
32
agent 74 when the pH is low.
Further, in the case where the pH is high in the first
desalination device 55A, calcium ions (Ca2+) may be
precipitated on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane
55a as a crystal CaCO3, but such precipitation can b5 e
prevented by supplying the scale prevention agent 74 for
Ca.
Further, in the case where the pH is high in the first
desalination device 55A, magnesium ions (Mg2+) may be
10 precipitated on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane
55a as crystals Mg(OH)2, MgSiO3 in the high pH, but such
precipitation can be prevented by supplying the scale
prevention agent 74 for Mg.
15 In a control unit not illustrated, pH of the
concentrated water 31a in the crystallization tank 61,
obtained from the first desalination device 55A, is
controlled to be a value (e.g., pH 4 or lower) at which the
gypsum present in the concentrated water 31a can be
20 precipitated by decreasing the functions of the scale
prevention agent 74.
The pH-adjusted concentrated water 31a by the second
pH adjuster 75B is stored in the crystallization tank 61.
25 In the case of providing a seed crystal supplying unit, the
seed crystal supplying unit adds the seed crystal gypsum
32a of the seed crystal to the concentrated water 31a in
the crystallization tank 61.
By adding the second pH adjuster 75B, the functions of
30 the scale prevention agent 74 are deactivated in the
crystallization tank 61. Due to this, the gypsum 32
supersaturated in the crystallization tank 61 is
crystallized. In the case of separately inputting the seed
33
crystal gypsum 32a as the seed crystal in this
crystallization process, the gypsum 32 is grown as the
crystal by having this input seed crystal gypsum 32a as a
nucleus.
Here, a part of the gypsums 32 separated 5 ed by the
dewatering device 63 is used as the seed crystal gypsum
32a.
In the case of supplying the seed crystal gypsum 32a,
the first pH adjustment by adding the first pH adjuster 75A
10 is not performed, and the pH permeating the first
desalination device 55A may be set as the alkaline side.
In this case, purity of the gypsum 32 is slightly more
deteriorated than the case where pH is adjusted by adding
the acid which is the first pH adjuster 75A. When the pH
15 is set to the alkaline side, a crystal of calcium carbonate
(CaCO3) is generated. Therefore, purity is deteriorated
because calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is mixed in the gypsum
(CaSO4).
The gypsum 32 having low water content and high purity
20 can be precipitated by adjusting pH to the predetermined
value in the second pH adjustment process in which the acid
is added as the second pH adjuster 75B like the present
embodiment and by adding the seed crystal gypsum 32a in the
crystallization process.
25 Note that silica present in the concentrated water 31a
gels in the low pH, and reacts with Ca2+ and Mg2+ present in
the concentrated water 31a, thereby forming a reactant of
for example CaSiO3 or MgSiO3 and precipitating the same.
Here, FIGS. 10 and 11 are microscope photographs of
30 the gypsum obtained in crystallization. FIG. 10 is an
observation result in the case of adding the seed crystal
gypsum 32a which is the seed crystal as a condition. FIG.
11 is an observation result in the case of not adding the
34
seed crystal gypsum 32a which is the seed crystal as a
condition.
As illustrated in FIG. 10, in the case of adding the
seed crystal gypsum 32a, large gypsum is precipitated.
Generally, the larger the precipitated gypsum is, the 5 less
the water content is. When an average particle diameter is
10 m or more, preferably, 20 m or more, the gypsum having
the water content sufficiently reduced can be obtained.
Here, the “average particle diameter” in the present
10 invention indicates a particle diameter measured by a
method specified in JISZ8825 (laser diffraction method).
Judging from the results of FIGS. 10 and 11, the
highly-purified gypsum having the low water content can be
precipitated by adjusting the pH in the second pH
15 adjustment process and adding the seed crystal in the
crystallization process. The more the adding amount of the
seed crystal is (the higher the concentration of the seed
crystal in the crystallization tank 61 is), the faster a
speed of precipitation of the gypsum 32 is. The adding
20 amount of the seed crystal gypsum 32a which is the seed
crystal is suitably set based on retention time in the
crystallization tank 61, the concentration of the scale
prevention agent 74, and the pH.
Further, the gypsum 32 having the average particle
25 diameter of 10 m or more, preferably 20 m or more, is
separated from the concentrated water 31a by the liquid
cyclone 62 which is the separating unit. A part of the
gypsum 32 recovered at the dewatering device 63 disposed
adjacent to the liquid cyclone 62 is stored in a seed
30 crystal tank (not illustrated) via a seed crystal
circulation unit not illustrated. A part of the recovered
gypsum 32 is supplied to the crystallization tank 61 as the
seed crystal gypsum 32a.
35
Here, acid treatment may be applied to the stored
gypsum 32 in the seed crystal tank. In the case where the
scale prevention agent 74 adheres to the gypsum 32
separated by the dewatering device 63, the function of the
adhering scale prevention agent is decreased by the 5 acid
treatment. A kind of the acid used here is not limited, but
sulfuric acid is optimal in consideration of power
reduction at the second desalination device 55B.
The gypsum 32 crystallized in the crystallization tank
10 61 has wide particle diameter distribution, but since the
gypsum 32 having the particle diameter 10 m or more is
separated and recovered from the concentrated water 31a at
the liquid cyclone 62, the large gypsum can be utilized as
the seed crystal. When the large seed crystal is input, the
15 large gypsum can be crystallized. In other words, the
gypsum having high quality can be obtained with a high
recovery rate. Further, the large gypsum can be more easily
separated at the liquid cyclone 62, thereby achieving to
downsize the liquid cyclone 62 and further leading to power
20 reduction. The large gypsum is more easily dewatered by the
dewatering device 63, thereby capable of downsizing the
dewatering device 63 and further leading to power
reduction.
Here, since the water treatment system in FIG. 3 is an
25 open system except for the reverse osmosis membrane device,
mixed water 111 and concentrated water 31a contact with the
air, and carbonate ions are dissolved in the water.
However, as described above, the mixed water 111 and
concentrated water 31a are adjusted in the first pH
30 adjustment process and second pH adjustment process so as
to have the pH area at which solubility of calcium
carbonate is high. The carbonate ions in the concentrated
water is reduced in a step prior to the crystallization
36
tank 61 or a step in the crystallization tank 61, and
calcium carbonate has saturation solubility or lower.
Further, since the pH is in the lower area by adding the
acid as the pH adjuster 75, an environment having the low
concentration of carbonate ions is made in accordance 5 with
the following balanced equation (1). Due to this, the
concentration of calcium carbonate is kept sufficiently
lower than the saturating concentration and calcium
carbonate is not crystallized in the crystallization tank
10 61. Therefore, calcium carbonate is little contained in
the recovered gypsum 32. Thus, the gypsum 32 is highly
purified.
CO2+H2OH2CO3HCO3
-+H+CO3
2-+2H+ (1)
Further, salt containing metals has high solubility in
15 the acidic area. In the case where the metals remain in
the mixed water 111 even after passing the pretreatment
(sedimentation tank 53), hydroxide containing the metals is
not precipitated in the crystallization process if the pH
of the concentrated water 31a at the first desalination
20 device 55A is lowered in the first pH adjustment process as
described above. Further, in the case where the mixed water
111 has the property containing a large amount of Fe ions,
Fe concentration is reduced through the above-described
pretreatment. Therefore, hydroxide containing Fe(OH)3
25 hardly deposits in the crystallization tank 61.
Thus, by using the water treatment method and the
water treatment system of the present embodiment, it is
possible to separate and recover the highly-purified gypsum
32, as valuables, which hardly contains impurities such as
30 calcium carbonate and metal hydroxide present in the mixed
water 111 including the effluent 22 discharged from the
cooling tower 21.
Here, in the case of crystallizing the large gypsum 32
37
having the average particle diameter of 10 m or more,
preferably, 20 m or more, a crystallization speed is
generally slowed, thereby extending retention time in the
crystallization tank 61. According to the present
embodiment, the pH is adjusted so as to 5 decrease the
functions of the scale prevention agent 74, and also the
concentration of the seed crystal is increased so as to
secure the appropriate crystallization speed.
10 The concentrated water 31a containing the gypsum 32 is
discharged from the crystallization tank 61, and fed to the
liquid cyclone 62 which is the separating unit, and the
gypsum 32 is separated from the discharged concentrated
water 31a. The gypsum 32 having the average particle
15 diameter of 10 m or more deposits on the bottom portion of
the liquid cyclone 62, and the gypsum having the small
particle diameter remain in the supernatant liquid. The
gypsum 32 having deposited on the bottom portion of the
liquid cyclone 62 is transferred to the dewatering device
20 63, and further dewatered and recovered. The highlypurified
gypsum 32 having low water content and containing
no impurity can be separated and recovered at the high
recovery rate by the recovery process. According to the
present embodiment, crystallization is performed by adding
25 the seed crystal. Therefore, the gypsum 32 having the
average particle diameter of 10 m or more is mainly
precipitated, and ratio of the gypsum having small diameter
is reduced. Here, a separated liquid 64 separated at the
dewatering device 63 is supplied to the spray drying device
30 23 so as to be subjected to spray drying.
Further, instead of supplying the separated liquid to
the spray drying device 23 to be subjected to spray drying,
38
the separated liquid 64 may be introduced to the discharged
concentrated water 31a contained in the liquid cyclone 62,
and may be treated at the second desalination device 55B
together with the concentrated water 31a.
In the case of omitting 5 itting the liquid cyclone 62 which is
the separating unit as a modified example of the present
embodiment, depositing-side concentrated water is
discharged from the bottom portion of the crystallization
tank 61. The large crystallized gypsum 32 deposits in the
10 concentrated water on the bottom portion of the
crystallization tank 61. The highly-purified gypsum 32 can
be recovered by dewatering the concentrated water mainly
containing the large gypsum 32 at the dewatering device 63.
Further, since the gypsum 32 has the low water content, it
15 is not necessary to enlarge the volume of the dewatering
device 63.
The concentrated water 31a on the supernatant side
discharged from the liquid cyclone 62 is fed to the
20 sedimentation tank 53 and the filtering device 54. In the
same process as the above-described sedimentation tank 53
and filtering device 54, the gypsum 32 and calcium
carbonate remaining in the concentrated water after
separation process and the metal hydroxide having remained
25 in the concentrated water are removed.
The concentrated water 31a discharged from the
filtering device 54 is fed to the second desalination
device 55B. The scale prevention agent 74 may be further
added to the concentrated water 31a before the concentrated
30 water is flown into the second desalination device 55B.
Further, after adding the scale prevention agent 74,
acid or alkali which is the pH adjuster 75 may be supplied
to the concentrated water 31a.
39
In the second desalination device 55B, the
concentrated water 31a obtained from the first desalination
device 55A is treated. The water which has permeated
through the reverse osmosis membrane 55b of the second
desalination device 55B is recovered 5 ed as the permeated water
and as the reclaimed water 33b. The concentrated water 31b
of the second desalination device 55B is introduced to the
spray drying device 23, and subjected to spray drying here.
In the case of disposing the second desalination
10 device 55B, the reclaimed water 33b can be further
recovered from the concentrated water 31a on the
supernatant liquid side after crystallizing the gypsum 32,
thereby more improving a water recovery rate.
Since the gypsum 32 is removed from the concentrated
15 water 31a obtained from the first desalination device 55A
by the treatment at the crystallization tank 61, the ion
concentration is lowered. Therefore, the required power is
reduced because osmotic pressure can be more reduced
compared to the case where the gypsum 32 is not removed at
20 the second desalination device 55B.
Further, an evaporator (not illustrated) may be
provided as well. The water is evaporated from the
concentrated water at the evaporator, and the ions
contained in the concentrated water are precipitated as
25 solids and then recovered as solids. Since the water is
recovered on the upstream side of the evaporator and an
amount of the concentrated water is largely reduced, the
evaporator can be formed compact and energy required for
evaporation can be reduced.
30 According to the present embodiment, “a
desalination/crystallization device” is used as the
desalination device, which includes the first desalination
device 55A that removes salt after introducing the scale
40
prevention agent 74 into the mixed water 111 obtained by
mixing the separated water 43 with the effluent 22 from the
cooling tower 21, the crystallization tank 61 that
crystallizes the gypsum 32 after the first desalination
device 55A, and the liquid cyclone 62 that separates 5 ates the
crystallized gypsum 32. However, the present invention is
not limited thereto.
Here, the gypsum 32 crystallized in the
crystallization tank 61 of the desalination device 30 is
10 discharged via a gypsum discharge line L22 as illustrated
in FIG. 1, and the reclaimed water 33 (33a, 33b) joins to
the return line L32 that returns the separated water 43 to
the wet desulfurization device 16 via a reclaimed water
supply line L23, and is utilized as the makeup water for
15 the gypsum slurry used in the wet desulfurization device
16.
As another embodiment of the desalination device
besides the desalination/crystallization device illustrated
in FIG. 3, a separation device using the cold lime process
20 illustrated in FIG. 12 may be adopted.
In FIG. 12, an example of the separation device based
on the cold lime process is schematically illustrated.
As illustrated in FIG. 12, the desalination device
based on the cold lime process adds calcium hydroxide
25 (Ca(OH)2) 92 to the mixed water 111 at an adding tank 91,
calcium carbonate (CaCO3) 94 is made to settle out in a
settling tank 93 and then removed.
Next, sodium carbonate (NaCO3) 96 is added at an
adding tank 95 to make calcium carbonate (CaCO3) 94 settle
30 out in a settling tank 97 and be removed.
After that, the ferrous flocculant (e.g., FeCl3) 73 is
added to flocculate suspended solid content (e.g., buoyant
solids such as gypsum, silica, calcium carbonate, and
41
magnesium hydroxide). Then, same as the operation
illustrated in FIG. 3, membrane separation treatment is
performed by introducing the scale prevention agent 74 and
the pH adjuster 75 at the time of performing treatment in
5 the first desalination device 55A.
There are other processes that can be exemplified,
such as an optimized pretreatment and unique separation
(OPUS) process (by Veolia Group) in which a chemical
softening unit (chemical softening) is applied after
10 performing degassing and oil content removal with respect
to water to be treated, and then treatment using a reverse
osmosis membrane is performed after filtering suspended
solid particles like metals; and a high efficiency reverse
osmosis (HERO) process (by GE) in which, for example, Ca
15 and Mg are removed from the water to be treated using the
chemical softening agent or ion-exchanger resin,
subsequently acid is added to adjust the pH to the acidic
side, CO2 gas is separated, and treatment by a reverse
osmosis membrane is performed while preventing
20 precipitation by adjusting the pH to the alkaline side for
ionizing.
Further, as a membrane separation unit, an “RO
membrane” is used in the first and second desalination
devices 55A, 55B of the present embodiment, but an “NF
25 membrane” may also be used.
In the case of using the NF membrane, a bivalent ion
can be removed but a univalent ion cannot be completely
removed same as the RO membrane. Therefore, for example,
the reclaimed water cannot be supplied to desulfurization
30 makeup water at the desulfurization device, and preferably,
is supplied to the cooling tower and utilized as feed water
therein. The reason is that the scale prevention agent 74
cannot be removed by the NF membrane.
42
According to the water treatment system of the present
embodiment, bivalent metals (e.g., calcium salt, magnesium
salt, etc.) contained in the mixed water 111, and sulfate
ions and carbonate ions can be efficiently separated.
Further, in the case of using the RO membrane, barium 5 arium salt
and strontium salt can be removed in addition to calcium
salt and magnesium salt.
According to the present embodiment, an amount of
waste water (before concentration) which can be subjected
10 to spray drying can be remarkably increased by
concentrating the mixed water 111 by using a desalination
device 30A as illustrated in FIG. 3. For example, 100/(100
- 95) = 20 times of the waste water can be eliminated by
using the desalination crystallization device when the
15 recovery rate of the reclaimed water thereof is 95%.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram illustrating an
example of a different desalination device according to the
present embodiment. In the desalination device 30A
illustrated in FIG. 3, the sedimentation tank 53 and the
20 filtering device 54 are disposed in the upstream side of
the first desalination device 55A, and the metal content
present in the mixed water 111 are made to deposit and
removed as metal hydroxide, and calcium content are made to
deposit and removed as calcium carbonate. However, this
25 pretreatment may be omitted in the present invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, in the desalination device
30B of the present embodiment, the first desalination
device 55A, crystallization tank 61, liquid cyclone 62, and
second desalination device 55B are disposed, and scale
30 adhesion to the reverse osmosis membranes 55a, 55b of the
first and second desalination devices 55A, 55B is prevented
by adding the scale prevention agents 74 on the upstream
sides of the first and second desalination devices 55A, 55B
43
respectively. Note that acid (e.g., sulfuric acid, etc.)
and an alkaline agent (e.g. sodium hydroxide, calcium
hydroxide, etc.) are added as the pH adjuster 75.
The pretreatment is not required depending on the type
of mixed water 111, such that a configuration 5 of the
desalination device is simplified.
As the mixed water 111 to be treated in such a
simplified desalination device 30B, effluent having low
concentration of carbonate ion may be exemplified.
10 Further, effluent having low concentration of scale content
such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ may be applied, too.
Here, there are acid and alkaline agents as the pH
adjuster 75. As the acid used to lower the pH, general pH
adjuster such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and
15 citric acid may be exemplified. Further, as the alkaline
agents used to raise the pH, the general pH adjuster such
as sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide may be
exemplified.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram illustrating an
20 example of a different desalination device according to the
present embodiment.
Further, as a desalination device 30C illustrated in
FIG. 5, a third desalination device 55C may be additionally
disposed on the downstream of the concentrated water side
25 of the second desalination device 55B so as to apply threestep
desalination.
In the case where the third desalination device 55C
including a reverse osmosis membrane 55c is disposed,
reclaimed water 33c can be further recovered from the
30 concentrated water 31b, thereby improving a water recovery
rate to 97%. Meanwhile, pretreatment units of the
sedimentation tank 53 and the filtering device 54
illustrated in FIG. 3, and addition of the scale prevention
44
agent 74 and the pH adjuster 75 are provided between the
second desalination device 55B and the third desalination
device 55C, but in FIG. 5, these components are omitted.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating an
example of a different 5 erent desalination device according to the
present embodiment.
Further, a deaeration unit 50 which is a carbonic acid
gas separation unit that separates carbonic acid gas is
provided on the upstream side of the adding tank 52 like a
10 desalination device 30D illustrated in FIG. 6. More
specifically, the deaeration unit 50 is a deaeration tower
including filler to disperse carbon dioxide, or a
separation membrane.
In the desalination device 30D of FIG. 6, the mixed
15 water 111 before flowing into to the deaeration unit 50 is
adjusted to the low pH. Carbonic acid present in the mixed
water 111 is held in equilibrium in accordance with its pH.
In the case where the pH is low, like pH 6.5 or lower,
carbonic acid in the mixed water 111 is present mainly in
states of HCO3
20 - and CO2. The mixed water 111 containing CO2
flows into the deaeration unit 50. CO2 is removed from the
mixed water 111 at the deaeration unit 50.
According to the present embodiment, same as FIG. 5,
three-step desalination is performed by additionally
25 disposing the third desalination device 55C on the
downstream of the concentrated water side of the second
desalination device 55B.
Second Embodiment
Next, a water treatment system according to a second
30 embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram
illustrating the water treatment system according to the
present embodiment. As for components same as a water
treatment system of a first embodiment, repetition of the
45
same description will be omitted by denoting the components
by the same reference signs.
As illustrated in FIG. 7, the water treatment system
according to the present embodiment is provided with an
oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) 5 ) meter 130 that measures
oxidation-reduction potential of mixed water 111 to be
introduced into a first desalination device 55A.
Further, in the case where a value of the oxidationreduction
potential of the mixed water 111 to be introduced
10 into the first desalination device 55A is outside a range
of a predetermined value, oxidizer 132 is supplied from an
oxidizer supplying unit 131.
Mercury may remain inside the separated water 43
although mercury is removed from separated water 43
15 separated from desulfurization waste water in a previous
step before being mixed at a mixing unit 110.
Since the remaining mercury exists in various forms,
removal by an RO membrane can be performed in the case
where the mercury is in an ionic state. In the case of
20 metallic mercury, the mercury is non-polar and liquid form
and permeates through the RO membrane although not
permeating the membrane to a permeated water side.
Therefore, a form of mercury is transformed to the
ionic state by controlling the value of the oxidation25
reduction potential in the mixed water 111 within the
predetermined range so as to remove the mercury by the RO
membrane.
Here, preferably, the value (X) of the oxidationreduction
potential in the mixed water 111 measured by the
30 oxidation-reduction potential meter 130 is in the range of
-0.69 V < ORP value (X) < 1.358 V.
The reason is that it is not preferable that chloride
Cl- is transformed to chlorine gas (Cl2) in the case where
46
the ORP value (X) exceeds “1.358 V”.
Further, a lower limit value of the ORP value (X) is
varied depending on a coexisting substance, and the lower
limit of the ORP is -0.69 V or higher, preferably 0.2680 V
or higher, more preferably 0.6125 V or higher, even 5 more
preferably 0.796 V or higher. Most of salts contained in
waste water are Cl- and SO4
2-.
Hg(l) is oxidized to Hg2SO7 (solid) in the case of +
0.2680 V or higher, and oxidized to Hg2Cl2 (solid) in the
10 case of + 0.6125 V or higher. Meanwhile, S2- and I-, Br- are
also contained in the waste water, but amounts thereof are
smaller compared to Cl- and SO4
2-.
Further, on the other hand, in the case where no
impurity is contained, + 0.798 V is required to oxidize
Hg(l) to Hg2
15 2+.
The reason for setting an upper limit value at 1.358 V
is that standard electrode potential for oxidation from Clto
Cl2 is + 1.3583 V. Meanwhile, the upper limit value is
at least + 1.3583 V or lower, preferably, + 0.89 V or lower
20 because reaction from Cl- to ClO- requires + 0.89 V.
Therefore, the oxidizer 132 is input by ORP control so
as to make a situation in which mercury is not reduced.
As a result, mercury is kept not in metallic mercury
but in mercury oxide, and chlorine gas which is repellent
25 to the RO membrane is kept in a form of chloride ions.
Therefore, operation without damaging the RO membrane can
be performed while removing mercury.
Here, preferably, air is used as the oxidizer 132. By
using the air as the oxidizer 132, oxidation can be
30 performed under mild conditions while preventing the RO
membrane from being damaged.
Further, after supplying the oxidizer 132, a solidliquid
separation device 133 is disposed on the upstream
47
side of the first desalination device 55A so as to separate
solidified mercury (e.g., mercury chloride (HgCl2), etc.)
present in the mixed water 111. By this, the solidified
mercury (e.g., mercury chloride (HgCl2), etc.) is prevented
from adhering to a surface of the RO membrane, 5 e, thereby
capable of suppressing deterioration of desalination
capacity.
Third Embodiment
Next, a water treatment system according to a third
10 embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram
illustrating the water treatment system according to the
present embodiment. As for components same as a water
treatment system of the first embodiment, repetition of the
same description will be omitted by denoting the components
15 by the same reference signs.
As illustrated in FIG. 8, the water treatment system
according to the present embodiment is provided with an
ultrafiltration membrane (UF) membrane 122 and an NF
membrane device 121 including a nano-filtration membrane
20 (NF membrane) 121a on a downstream side of a solid-liquid
separation unit 103 which separates heavy metal sludge 104
and on an upstream side of a mixing unit 110.
According to the present embodiment, desalination is
performed by the membrane after removing/separating mercury
25 at the solid-liquid separation unit 103 by adding a
chelating agent 102. Preferably, the membrane for this
membrane treatment is the NF membrane 121a.
A part of permeated liquid 123 from the NF membrane
121a is returned as returned water 123a to a wet
30 desulfurization device 16 via a return line L36 and also
concentrated liquid 124 from the NF membrane 121a is fed to
an introduction line L24 side via a concentrated liquid
line L25, and then mixed at a mixing unit 110 with effluent
48
22 from a cooling tower 21 to obtain mixed water 111.
By performing desalination at the NF membrane 121a,
multivalent ions (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+, SO4
2-) can be
concentrated on the concentrated liquid 124 side, and
univalent ions (e.g., Na+, Cl-) can be concentrated on 5 the
permeated liquid 123 side.
Here, salts contained in waste water from the wet
desulfurization device 16 is mainly calcium chloride
(CaCl2). Therefore, in the concentrated liquid 124,
material of gypsum (e.g., Ca2+, SO4
10 2-) is concentrated by
gypsum crystallization in the later stage by performing
membrane separation by the NF membrane 121a having
univalent selectivity while Cl- which is a load to an RO
membrane at a first desalination device 55A in a later
15 stage can be reduced.
This can reduce concentration of soluble evaporation
residues (Total dissolved solid(s); TDS) supplied to the
first desalination device 55A in the later stage, and also
can improve a concentration rate.
20 By this, concentrated water 31a from the first
desalination device 55A can be reduced. As a result, a
spray drying device 23 to spray-dry the concentrated water
can be downsized.
Meanwhile, a scale inhibitor may be added in order to
25 prevent clogging at the desalination device caused by the
NF membrane 121a.
According to the present embodiment, the multivalent
ions can be selectively concentrated by additionally
desalinating separated water 43 by the NF membrane 121a
30 after mercury is treated with the chelating agent 102.
This improves the concentration rate of the RO membrane at
the first desalination device 55A and leads to downsizing
of the spray drying device 23.
49
Main substances having deliquescence are CaCl2 and
MgCl2, and divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+) thereof and
chloride ions Cl- can be separated by the NF membrane 121a.
Therefore, a problem related to deliquescence of dried salt
5 at the spray drying device 23 can be reduced.
In the concentrated water 124 at the NF membrane 121a,
the multivalent ions becomes rich, and the concentrated
water is concentrated by the RO after recovering and
crystallizing gypsum at a crystallizer, and then the RO
10 concentrated water can be subjected to spray drying at the
spray drying device 23.
Fourth Embodiment
Next, a water treatment system according to a fourth
embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram
15 illustrating the water treatment system according to the
present embodiment. As for components same as a water
treatment system of the first embodiment, repetition of the
same description will be omitted by denoting the components
by the same reference signs.
20 As illustrated in FIG. 9, the water treatment system
according to the present embodiment includes: a wet
desulfurization device 16 that removes sulfur oxide present
in the boiler flue gas 12 obtained from the boiler 11; a
dewatering device 42 that separates gypsum 32 from
25 desulfurization waste water 41 containing gypsum slurry
obtained from the wet desulfurization device 16; a mixing
unit 110 that mixes separated water 43 obtained from the
dewatering device 42 with effluent 22 generated in a plant
facility; a reaction tank 101 in which the mixed water 111
30 obtained by the mixing unit 110 is introduced and in which
a chelating agent 102 is input so as to immobilize heavy
metals present in the separated water 43; a solid-liquid
separation unit 103 that performs solid-liquid separation
50
with respect to solid content (heavy metal sludge) 104
present in the mixed water 111 obtained from the reaction
tank 101; a desalination device 30 that removes salt
content from the mixed water 111 subjected to solid-liquid
separation; and a spray drying device 23 that includes 5 cludes a
spray unit, which sprays the concentrated water 31 in which
salt content has been concentrated by the desalination
device 30, and that performs spray drying using a part 12a
of the boiler flue gas 12.
10 By mixing the effluent 22 from the cooling tower 21
with the separated water 43, impurity contained in the
effluent 22 from the cooling tower 21 can be removed by
using the chelating agent 102.
Different from the treatment system of the first
15 embodiment, concentration of salt is decreased and a load
to an RO membrane can be reduced because an amount of water
introduced into a first desalination device 55A is
increased.
Fifth Embodiment
20 Next, a water treatment system according to a fifth
embodiment will be described. FIG. 13 is a schematic
diagram illustrating the water treatment system according
to the present embodiment. As for components same as a
water treatment system of the first embodiment, repetition
25 of the same description will be omitted by denoting the
components by the same reference signs.
As illustrated in FIG. 13, in the water treatment
system according to the present embodiment, a chelating
agent 102 is added into concentrated water 31 supplied to a
30 spray drying device 23.
According to the present embodiment, the chelating
agent 102 to immobilize heavy metals remaining in the
concentrated water 31 is added from a chelating agent
51
adding unit not illustrated to a line L21 that supplies the
concentrated water 30 obtained from the desalination device
30 to the spray drying device 23.
According to the present embodiment, dried salt
present in flue gas 12b generated at the spray 5 y drying
device 23 is sufficiently mixed with the chelating agent
102 by mixing the chelating agent 102 into the concentrated
water 30 before the concentrated water is supplied to the
spray drying device 23.
10 After that, solid content 141 separated at a solid
content separator 140 is landfilled as it is.
Here, in the case of adding the chelating agent 102,
the chelating agent is needed to be handled at a heatproof
temperature thereof or lower. Therefore, preferably, a
15 temperature (T1) of the flue gas 12b at the time of the
spray drying device 23 finishing drying is kept 200C or
lower, preferably 150C or lower.
Note that a temperature of sprayed droplets while
drying is about 80C at the spray drying device 23, and
20 does not rise any higher. Therefore, a temperature at the
time of start drying is not limited. Meanwhile, a
temperature (T2) of branched flue gas 18a at an entrance to
the spray drying device 23 is, for example, about 350C.
Therefore, the chelating agent 102 is prevented from being
25 deteriorated by changing one or both of an evaporation
amount of dehydration filtrate and an introducing flow rate
of the branched discharge flue gas 12a and keeping the
temperature (T1) of the flue gas 12b at 200C or lower,
preferably 150C or lower. As a result, heavy metals are
30 prevented from being eluted at the time of landfilling the
solid content 141.
According to the present embodiment, the heavy metals
52
such as mercury etc. from the solid content 141 can be
prevented from being eluted by performing drying at the
spray drying device 23 after adding the chelating agent 102
which immobilizes the heavy metals present in the
5 concentrated water 30.
Also, flocculant may be further added together with
the chelating agent 102.
As the flocculant, coagulant which forms a nucleus of
a solid, and polymer flocculant which increases flocs of
10 solids can be used.
Here, aluminum sulfate, iron chloride, PAC, etc. may
be exemplified as the coagulant. Further, as the polymer
flocculant, “Taki floc (trade name; manufactured by Taki
Chemical Co., Ltd.) anionic, nonionic, cationic,
15 amphoteric)”, “Epo floc L-1(trade name); manufactured by
JIKCO Ltd.”, etc. may be exemplified.
Reference Signs List
11 Boiler
12 Boiler flue gas (flue gas)
20 18 Flue gas treatment system
21 Cooling tower
22 Effluent
23 Spray drying device
30 Desalination device
25 31 (31a to 31c) Concentrated water
33 (33a to 33c) Reclaimed water
55A to 55C First to third desalination devices
61 Crystallization tank
62 Liquid cyclone
30 74 Scale prevention agent
75 pH adjuster
101 Reaction tank
53
102 Chelating agent
103 Solid-liquid separation unit
104 Heavy metal sludge
110 Mixing unit
111 5 Mixed water
We Claim:
1. A water treatment system comprising:
a wet desulfurization device that removes sulfur
oxide from boiler flue gas;
a dewatering device that separates gypsum fro5 m
desulfurization waste water which contains gypsum
slurry and which is obtained from the wet
desulfurization device;
a mercury removing unit to which is introduced
10 separated water that is obtained from the dewatering
device, and which immobilizes heavy metals present in
the separated water by inputting a chelating agent;
a solid-liquid separation unit that performs solidliquid
separation with respect to solid content present
15 in separated water obtained from the mercury removing
unit;
a mixing unit that mixes separated water obtained
from the solid-liquid separation unit with effluent
generated in a plant facility;
20 a desalination device that removes salt content
from mixed water obtained by the mixing unit; and
a spray drying device that includes a spraying
unit, which sprays concentrated water in which salt
content has been concentrated by the desalination
25 device, and that performs spray drying using a part of
the boiler flue gas.
2. A water treatment system comprising:
a wet desulfurization device that removes sulfur
oxide from boiler flue gas;
30 a dewatering device that separates gypsum from
desulfurization waste water which contains gypsum
slurry and which is obtained from the wet
55
desulfurization device;
a mixing unit that mixes separated water obtained
from the dewatering device with effluent generated in a
plant facility;
a reaction tank to which mixed water obtained 5 by
the mixing unit is introduced and which immobilizes
heavy metals present in separated water by inputting a
chelating agent;
a solid-liquid separation unit that performs solid10
liquid separation with respect to solid content present
in mixed water obtained from the reaction tank;
a desalination device that removes salt content
from mixed water subjected to solid-liquid separation;
and
15 a spray drying device that includes a spraying unit
which sprays concentrated water in which salt content
has been concentrated by the desalination device, and
that performs spray drying using a part of the boiler
flue gas.
20 3. The water treatment system according to claim 1 or 2,
further comprising a membrane treatment unit that
performs treatment using a membrane having univalent
selectivity with respect to separated water obtained
after separation performed by the solid-liquid
25 separation unit.
4. The water treatment system according to any one of
claims 1 to 3, wherein the desalination device removes
bivalent salt content present in the effluent.
5. The water treatment system according to any one of
30 claims 1 to 3, wherein the desalination device includes
a scale prevention agent supplying unit that
56
supplies a scale prevention agent to the mixed water
containing bivalent ions such as Ca ions;
a first desalination device that is disposed at a
downstream side of the scale prevention agent supplying
unit and that separates the mixed water into 5 reclaimed
water and concentrated water in which the Ca ions have
been concentrated;
a crystallization tank that is disposed at a
downstream side of the first desalination device and
10 that is used in crystalizing gypsum from the
concentrated water;
a separating unit that separates the gypsum
crystalized and concentrated water obtained from the
first desalination device; and
15 a second desalination device that is disposed at a
downstream side of the separating unit and separates
the concentrated water into reclaimed water and
concentrated water in which the Ca ions have been
concentrated.
20 6. The water treatment system according to claim 5,
wherein the desalination device further includes
a separating unit that separates concentrated water
obtained from the second desalination device; and
a third desalination device that is disposed at a
25 downstream side of the separating unit and that
separates the concentrated water into reclaimed water
and concentrated water in which the Ca ions have been
concentrated.
7. The water treatment system according to claim 5,
30 further comprising an oxidation-reduction potentiometer
that measures the oxidation-reduction potential of
mixed water to be introduced into the first
57
desalination device.
8. The water treatment system according to claim 7,
wherein a value (X) of the oxidation-reduction
potential of the mixed water, which is measured by the
oxidation-reduction potentiometer, 5 satisfies -
0.69V
Documents
Application Documents
| # |
Name |
Date |
| 1 |
201717029080-AbandonedLetter.pdf |
2019-12-10 |
| 1 |
201717029080-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 2 |
201717029080-Correspondence-030519.pdf |
2019-05-15 |
| 2 |
201717029080-REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION (FORM-18) [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 3 |
201717029080-POWER OF AUTHORITY [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 3 |
201717029080-OTHERS-030519.pdf |
2019-05-15 |
| 4 |
201717029080-FORM 18 [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 4 |
201717029080-certified copy of translation (MANDATORY) [02-05-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-05-02 |
| 5 |
201717029080-FORM 1 [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 5 |
201717029080-FER.pdf |
2019-04-25 |
| 6 |
201717029080-FIGURE OF ABSTRACT [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 6 |
201717029080-Correspondence-230818.pdf |
2018-08-28 |
| 7 |
201717029080-OTHERS-230818.pdf |
2018-08-28 |
| 7 |
201717029080-DRAWINGS [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 8 |
201717029080-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 8 |
201717029080-8(i)-Substitution-Change Of Applicant - Form 6 [17-08-2018(online)].pdf |
2018-08-17 |
| 9 |
201717029080-ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENTS [17-08-2018(online)].pdf |
2018-08-17 |
| 9 |
201717029080-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 10 |
201717029080-FORM-26 [17-08-2018(online)].pdf |
2018-08-17 |
| 10 |
201717029080.pdf |
2017-08-17 |
| 11 |
201717029080-PA [17-08-2018(online)].pdf |
2018-08-17 |
| 11 |
abstract.jpg |
2017-08-22 |
| 12 |
201717029080-Correspondence-101017.pdf |
2017-10-16 |
| 12 |
201717029080-FORM 3 [22-09-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-09-22 |
| 13 |
201717029080-OTHERS-101017-.pdf |
2017-10-16 |
| 13 |
201717029080-Proof of Right (MANDATORY) [06-10-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-10-06 |
| 14 |
201717029080-certified copy of translation (MANDATORY) [06-10-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-10-06 |
| 14 |
201717029080-OTHERS-101017.pdf |
2017-10-16 |
| 15 |
201717029080-certified copy of translation (MANDATORY) [06-10-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-10-06 |
| 15 |
201717029080-OTHERS-101017.pdf |
2017-10-16 |
| 16 |
201717029080-OTHERS-101017-.pdf |
2017-10-16 |
| 16 |
201717029080-Proof of Right (MANDATORY) [06-10-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-10-06 |
| 17 |
201717029080-FORM 3 [22-09-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-09-22 |
| 17 |
201717029080-Correspondence-101017.pdf |
2017-10-16 |
| 18 |
201717029080-PA [17-08-2018(online)].pdf |
2018-08-17 |
| 18 |
abstract.jpg |
2017-08-22 |
| 19 |
201717029080-FORM-26 [17-08-2018(online)].pdf |
2018-08-17 |
| 19 |
201717029080.pdf |
2017-08-17 |
| 20 |
201717029080-ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENTS [17-08-2018(online)].pdf |
2018-08-17 |
| 20 |
201717029080-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 21 |
201717029080-8(i)-Substitution-Change Of Applicant - Form 6 [17-08-2018(online)].pdf |
2018-08-17 |
| 21 |
201717029080-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 22 |
201717029080-DRAWINGS [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 22 |
201717029080-OTHERS-230818.pdf |
2018-08-28 |
| 23 |
201717029080-Correspondence-230818.pdf |
2018-08-28 |
| 23 |
201717029080-FIGURE OF ABSTRACT [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 24 |
201717029080-FER.pdf |
2019-04-25 |
| 24 |
201717029080-FORM 1 [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 25 |
201717029080-FORM 18 [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 25 |
201717029080-certified copy of translation (MANDATORY) [02-05-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-05-02 |
| 26 |
201717029080-POWER OF AUTHORITY [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 26 |
201717029080-OTHERS-030519.pdf |
2019-05-15 |
| 27 |
201717029080-REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION (FORM-18) [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 27 |
201717029080-Correspondence-030519.pdf |
2019-05-15 |
| 28 |
201717029080-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [16-08-2017(online)].pdf |
2017-08-16 |
| 28 |
201717029080-AbandonedLetter.pdf |
2019-12-10 |
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