JACQUARD LOOM HAVING OPTIMIZED WARP YARN DENSITY
Background of the invention
The present invention relates l.oL a jacquard type
loom.
Figure 1 is a diagram of a jacquard type loom 10
used Tor making fiber structures or fabri.e obtained by
multilayer weaving between a pLurality of layers of warp
yarns -30 and a plura lity of layers of. weft yarns- 31'.
In known manner, the loom 10 is fitted with a
jacquard mechanism 11 supported by a superstructure that
is not shown in Figure 1* The loom 10 also has a harness
20 constituted by a comber board 21 and control cords or
heddles 22, each heddle 22 being connected at one end to
a control hook 12 of the jacquard mechanist!! 11 and at the
other end to one of the return springs 13 fastened to the
base 14 of the loom 30.
Fach heddle 22 includes a heddle eye 23 having a
warp yarn 30 passing therethrough. The heddles 22 and
the i r associated hedd'o eyes 23 are dri ven in
substantia Ely vertical reciprocating motion represented
by double-headed arrow F under traction forces exerted
respectively by the control'hooks 12 and by the return
springs 13- The heddles 22 serve to lift certa i ri warp
yarns 30,- thereby creating a shed 15 enabling weft yarns
31 to be inserted.
The heddkes 22 are distributed in space as a
function of the positions of the holes 210 of the comber
board 21, i.e. in a plurality of columns 211 and rows
212, ' .-",.".
The density of the holes 210 in the comber board
corresponds Lo the density in the fabric to be made, i.e.
the spacing between each'of the columns of holes in the
comber board is equivalent, to the spacing that is
presented between each of the warp columns in the f abr.i c
that is to be made.
^Mmim^:W'
Certain fiber structures, e.g. such as those for
constituting the reinforcement of aeroengine blades made
of composite material, require weaving that is very
dense, with a thread count, and in particular a warp
5 thread count, that is relatively tight in order to confer
good mechanical strength to the part. The warp thread
count corresponds to the number of warp yarns per unit
length. Consequently, when it is desired to weave wi th a
tighter thread count, it is necessary to reduce the
10 spacing between the columns of holes in the comber board,
i
thereby causing the heddles of a column, e.g. the hedd I os
22 of the column £1 to be closer to the hoddlcs of the
adjacent column {&}, .e.g. here the column P.2 +
Nevertheless, when the heddles of two adjacent columns
lb are too close together, then the movements of the
heddles, and more particularly of their associated heddlo
eyes,.are impeded by the proximity of the heddles and of
the warp yarns present in the adjacent column.
In order to avoid any risk, of catching between
20 heddles belonging to adjacent, columns, it is necessary to
ensure some mi.nimuni amount of spacing between the heddlo
columns. There is thus a limit on the extent, to which
the density of the thread count of. a fabric; can be
increased wi th'existing looms.
25
. Object and.summary of the invention
Consequent"! V7-"i L-is desirable to be able to have
looms that enable fabrics to be made that present a
thread count that is greater than that which can be
30 obtained with prior art Looms. .
To this end, the invention provides a jacquard type
loom for making a fabric by weaving a plurality of warp
yarns with a plurality of weft yarns, the fabric
oomprisi.nq a determined number of columns of warp yarns
3b per unit length and a determined number of layers of weft
yarns,
3
said loom including a comber board having a
plurality of holes lior passing a corresponding number ol
control cords, each control cord being orovided with a
heddle eye through which 'there passes a warp yarn, the
5 holes in tho comber board being distributed in a
determined number of columns extending paral lei. to the
warp yarn direction and a determined number of rows per
column extending in a direction perpendicular to tho warp
yarn direction,
10 the ioom being characterised in that the comber
board has a number of columns of holes per un't length
that is smaller than the number of warp columns in the
same unit length in the fabric, and a number of rows of
holes that \s greater than the number of warp t aycrs in
15 tho fabric.
Ry reducing the number of columns of. holes in the
comber board relative to the number of columns of warp
yarns in the fabric that is to bo made, it becomes
possible to maintain spacing between the col uniiis of
i
20 adjacent heddles that E a sufficient to avoid impeding
their respective movements, while nevertheless making a
. fabric wil.h a warp thread count that is tighter than that
which can be obtained usE ng a prior art loom.
Furthermore, since the number of holes per-'column of
25 holes in the comber board is greater than the number of"
warp layers in the fabric that is to bo made, there are
suf fioi ent wa,rp yarns to form the desired density of
i
columns and the desired number of layers of warp yarns in
the Tabric that is to be made.
-.
30 In other wordsi a portion of the warp"thread count
density that is..desired in Uie fabric that is to be made
is spread in the depth direction of the comber board in
order to retain sufficient spacing between adjacent
heddle columns.
35 According to an aspect of the invention, the number
of columns of holes per unit1 lenqth in tho comber board
is determined as a function of the number of warp columns
A
in the same unit length in the fabric, and the number of
rows of holes is determined as a function of the number
of warp yarn layers in the fabric. rt is thus possible
to optimize the distribute on of the holes in the -comber
board as a function of the thread count density dcsLrcd
for the fabric that is to be made,
in a first eKample of di s(.r i bulion, the number of
columns of holes in the comber board corresponds to the
determined number of- columns of watp yarns per unit
J.engLh in the fabric divided by ~\ .b, and the number of
rows of holes corresponds to the number of layers.of warp
yarns in the fabric multipfled by 1 . b,
In.a second example of distribution, the number oi
columns of holes in the comber board corresponds to the
determined number of columns of warp yarns per unit
length .in the fabric"divided by 2, and the number of rows
of holes corresponds to Lhe number of layers of warp
yarns in the fabric multiplied by 2.
According Lo another aspect of the invention, the
loom includes a comb located downstream from the control
cords in the direction of advance of the warp yarns, the
spacing dJ stance between two adjacent teeth of said oomb
corresponding to-a distance (.hat serves to pass a number
of-warp yarns, between two teeth of the comb that
corresponds to a divi sc-r ol." the numb_cr_ of columns of
holes por said unit length in the comber board and to a
divisor of—l.he-number e-f warp columns per "said, unit
length in the fabric.
This inakea.it possible to maintain warp yarn layers
belonging to a given warp column between two adjacent '
teeth of the comb, thereby organi vA ng Lhe columns, and
layers of warp yarns, depending on the numbers of columns
and layers of warp yarns thai, ava defined for'the fabric.
The invention also provides the use of the loom oi"
the invention for maki ng fiber structures for reinforcing
composite material blades for aeroengines,
5
Brief description of the drawings
Other characteristics and advantages of the
invention appear from the f o1 lowing description of
particular embodiments of the invention, given as rton-
5 limiting examples and wi Lh reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which:
• Figure 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view ol a
prior art jacquard type loom;
• Figure 2 is a diagrammatic perspective view ol a
10 jacquard type loom in an- embodiment of the invention;
• Figure 3 is a theoretical d i aqram showing the
distribution prior to weaving of warp yarns from a first
column of heddles of the Fi qure 2 loom; .
• Figure 4 is a theoretical diagram showing the
15 distribution prior to weaving of warp yarns from a second
heddle column that is adjacent to the first heddle column
of the Fiqure 2 loom;
- Figure 5 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a
comber board in another' embodiment of. the invention; and
20 - Fiqnres b Lo 9 are theoretical views showing the
distribution prior to weaving of warp yarns coming
respectively from first, second, thi rd, and fourth
columns of heddles co-operating with the Figure b comber
board.
25
Detailed description of embodiments^
The invention applies i n 'general, to the jacquard
type looms that are used in particular_for making fiber
textures or fabrics by multilayer weaving between layers
30 of warp yarns and layers of weft yarns. The invention
applies more particularly to weaving fabrics that present
a tight thread count, i.e. a larqe number of warp and/or
weft yarns per unit length. Thread count is generally
expressed as. a number ol. yarns, per centimeter or per
35 i noh.
As explained above, above a certain level of warp
yarn density, expressed in terms of thread count, weaving
iSl^dS^S
6
becomes very difficult, or even impossible, since the
heddIe eyes of a heddle column are too close Lo the
heddle eyes and to the warp yarns of the adjacent heddle
ecd umn(s) .
5 To this end* (.-he invention proposes distributing the
density of the yarns for weaving in the depth direction
of Lhe comber board of the loom, thus making i L possible
to increase the spaci nq between two heddle columns, while
conserving a subsequent high density in Lhe J.abric. It
10 is thus possible to weave with a warp yarn density in Lhe
fabric that is greater than the maximum density that is
possible with a prior art loom.
More-precisely, i n the present invention, the comber
board has a number of columns and holes per unit length
15 that is I ess than the number of warp columns for the same
unit length in the fabr i c, and a number of rows of holes
that is greater than the number oil warp layers in the
fabri c. The number of columns of holes is determined as
a function of the warp thread count of the fabric, and
i
20 Lhe number of rows of holes is determined as a Junction
of the number of 1avers of the fabric,
For example, the number of columns of holes in the
comber board may correspond to the warp thread count of
the fabric divided by 1 -b, while the number of rows of
25 holes corresponds to the number of layers of warp yarns
jn Lhe ("abric multiplied by 1.5. In another example,. Lhe
number of column? of ho I es in' lhe .comber board may
i
correspond to the warp thread count of the fabric divided
by 2y while the number of rows of holes corresponds to
30 the number of warp yarn layers ol the fabric multiplied
_bv'|._ •.,,_'".
\ Figure 2 shows a loom 100 fitted with a jacguard
mechanism 101 supported by a superstructure that is not
shown in Figure 2, The loom 100 also has a harness 110
35 constituted by a comber board 111 and by control cords or
heddles 313, each heddle 113 being connected at one end
to a control hook 102 of the jacquard mechanism 101 and
^WW&0^t/i^
•-•MMiSm^x':
at the other end to one of the return springs 105
fastened to the base 103 of the loom 100. liach heddle
113 has a heddle eye 114 Lhrough which there passOH a
warp yarn 201. The heddles 113 and Uioir associated
5 heddle eye 114 extend through a zone D in which the
heddles 113 and the heddle eves 114 are driven wiLh
substantially vertical reciprocating motion represented
by double-headed arrow F. The heddles 113 are subjected
to traction fo'rees exerted respectively by the control
10 hooks 102 and by the return springs 30b* The heddles 113
serve to I i ft certain warp yarns 201, thereby oreatiny a
shed 104 enabling weft yarns 202 to be inserted.
The heddles 113 are distributed in space in the zone
E as a function of the positions' of the holes 1110 in the
lb comber board 111, i.e. as a plurality oi" columns 1111 of
holes 111.0 and as a plurality of rows 1112 oT hot.es 1110.
As explained below in detail, the warp yarns 201 situated
downstream from the comb 120 are grouped at a number of
columns per unit length that is greater than that of the
20 comber board and a number of layers that is less than the
number of rows-of holes i n the comber board so as to"
correspond to the final density of the fabric that i.s-to
be made. -
Tii the example shown in B'igure 2, the loom 1,00
25 serves to weave a fabric having a warp thread count of 12
yarns per inch, i.e., 4.7 yarns per centimeter, over 24
warp layers in the thickness-of the fabric. In
accordance with the invention and in the example
described herein, the ".loom 100 has a harness 110 fitted
30 ^with a comber beard 111 presenting.12/1.5=0 columns of
holes per inch, i,e. 3.1 columns per centimeter, each
extending over 24x1.5=36 rows of holes. , Consequently,
the distance d,, between adjacent oO-iunms "1111 of holes
.1110 in the comber board 111 corresponds to 1.5 times the
35 distance d^j, between adjacent warp columns present in the
shed 104, thereby making it possible to have spacing that
is greater between pairs of columns of heddles. The
s
heddle eyes in a hedrfle column can then move freely, i . e.
without being hindered by being too close to the warp
yarns or the heddlo eyes of the adjacent heddle
column(s), '
For reasons of simplification and clarity in
F"i qure 2, only two columns of heddi es 113 and of
associated warp yarns 201 are actually shown beneath the
harness 110. More precisely, and as shown in Fiqurc 3,
the fj rat heddle column V>( ^^^k^^y^^-~u-^-34
114b-33
M Ah-1?.
11411-31
114b:30
11.1b-E9
114b-2 Et
H 4 b - 2 7
i H b - 2G
114b-25
H 4 b - 2 4
114b-23
114b-22
114b-21
114b-20
111b-19
1 1 4 b - lS
1 1 4 b - l /
1 1 4 b - l6
114b--lE>
l l 4 b - 1 4 -
11 41>- 13
114b-12
1 1 4 b - l l
114b-10
114b-9.,
114b-S
114b-7
114b-6
114b-Jj
114b-4
l l 4 b - 3
1114b-2 •
114b-l -
2nc< coiunfit
i ii Lhe
201^-24
201C-23
201c-22
2Q1C-7A
2Ulc-20
? 0 1 t - lD
201C3-1 R
2 0 l c - 17
201u-lG
201c-lEi
201c-14
201^-13
2 0 1 n - l ? ,
2 0 1 c - l l
2 0 1 c - l0
201('-9
201C-S
S O l c - ; * •
2 01('-fi
2 0 1 c -5
201c-4
2 0 1 a -3
201c-2
2 a i c - l
2 0111-1?
2 U l b - l l " "~
" 2 0 1 b - l0
2 0 i b -9
201b-B
201L-V
20lb-&
201b-5
201b-4
201b-3
201b-2
2 0 l b - l
'- -- ' ' :,
11
The warp yarns from the heddJe columns are deflected
and organized by the comb 120 to occupy the numbers of
columns and layers of warp yarns that are defined for the
fabric. Thus, for three columns of 36 heddles in the *
5 zone D, there can be found in I ho shed 104 three columns
of 24 warp ysr"ns, i.o, a first column of yarns 201a-l to
201a-24, a second column of yarns 201b-l to 201b-24, and
a third column of yarns 201c-l to 20lc-24, thereby
obtaining, in the location where the warp yarns 201 are
10 woven with the weft yarns £02, the density of warp yarns
that is desired for the fabric.
According to an aspect of the invention, the spacing
distance be I.ween two adjacent- teeth of the comb
preferably corresponds to a distance that allows a number
15 ol warp yarns to pass between two teeth of the comb that
corresponds i.o a divisor of the number of columns of
holes per unit lenqth in the comber board and to a
divisor of the number ol" warp columns in the same unit
length in the fabric. In the example described with
20 reference to Figures 7. to 4, the distance d121 between
two adjacent teeth 121 of the eomb 120 corresponds to the
distance between two columns .111] ol holes 1110 in the
comber board 111 divided by 2 (3/2=4) and to' the distance
- - dd, betwee.il two warp columns in the fabric divided by 3
2b (12/3-4), with three columns of warp yarns being present
between two adjacent teeth 121 of the comb 120.
Fignre-b shows a harness 210 constituted by a comber
board 211 that differs from the comber board 111 of
Figure 2 \n that it likewise makes it possible to weave a
30 fabric having a warp thread count of 12 yarns per inch;
i *e, 4,7 yarns per centimeter, over 24 warp Layers in the
thickness; ol. the fabric, but using hcddlo columns each
comprising 4C heddles and associated heddle eyes, with
every other heddle eye beinq used in each heddle column,
35 For reasons of simplification, only the comber board 211
of the loom is shown in Figure o, the other elements of
the loom being identical to those of Figure 2, taking
12
account of the i ncrcase in the number of heddles per
column together with fhei r associated heddle eyes.
In the example described herein, the number of
. columns if holes in L'.he comber board corresponds to the
b warp thread count of the fabric; divided by 2, whereas the
number of rows of holes corresponds to the number of
layers of warp yarns in L'.he fabric multiplied by 2. More
precisely, the comber board 211 presents 19/7-6 columns
of holes per inch, i. ,e\ 2,36 columns per centimeter, each
10 extending over 24x2=4E rows of holes- Consequently, the
.distance d|b between two columns 2111 of holes 2110 in the
comber board 211 corresponds to twice the distance .
between two warp columns present, in the shed, thus making
it. possible to have groater spacing between two heddl e
15, columns. The heddle eyes ol" a heddle column can then
move freely, i,e* without being hindered by being too
close to the warp yarns or the heddle eyes of the
adjacent heddle columnfs).
In addition/ as described in detail below* a warp
20 yarn is made to pass through only every other heddle eye
in each heddle column, with an offset between two
adjacent heddle columns, thereby enabling the heddIo eyes
that serve to raise the warp yarns toJbe spaced even
further apart from one another.•
25 The heddles 213 are distributed in space as a
function of the .positions of the hole-s 2110 in the comber
board 211, i , c, as a plura'lity of columns- 21-1-1- of holes
2110 and of rows 211? ol holes 2110.
Figure 6 shows how the warp yarns are distributed in
30 the" first column of huddles 213a-l to 213a-4fi, '. The 2.4
.-warp yarns ,301a-f to 301a-24 pass through respective
heddle eyes 2l4a-l, 214a-3, ... to 214a-47 associated
respectively with the heddles 2l3a-l, 213a-3, . . .', to
2l3a-47 so as to form the .first column CI of warp yarns
35 in the shed*
figure -7 shows how the warp yarns are distributed in
the first column of heddles 213b-l to 213b-4fi. The 24
i 1
imsm^'^ ,-.-- < i * •<
13
warp yarns 3Q1b-l to 301b-24 pass through respective
heddle eyes 214b-?, 2l4b-4, ... to 214b-48 associated
respectively with the heddles 2l3b-2, 213b-4J . , . , to
213b-43 so as to Torin the second, column C2 of warp yarns
5 in the shod.
Figure 8 shows how the warp yams are distributed i n
the first column of heddlos 213c-l to 213c-43> The 24
warp yarns 30lc-l to 301c-24 pass through respective
hoddle eyes 214o-1, 2l4c-3, ... to 214c-47 associated
10 respectively with the noddies 213c-l, 213c-3, . ,., to
213c-47 so as to form the third column C2 of warp yarns
i n thq shed.
Figure 9 shows how the wacp yarns are distributed in
the fourth column of heddles 213d-1 to 213d-4B. The 24
15 warp yarns 301d-l to 30Id-24 pass through respective
heddle eyes 2l4d-2, 2l4d-4, ... to 214d-43 associated
respectively with the heddles 213d-2, 213d-4, . . . , to
213d-48 so as to form L-hc fourth column C.A o\ warp yarns
in the shed,
i
20 The table below shows how the warp yarns are taken
in the harness.'
Ilcddlc
eye
.2443-4 8---
214a-47
214a-46
214,1-45
2 l 4 a - 44
2 1 4 a - 4 3 . .
?\Ail-\2
2 l 4 a ~ 4 1 -
214a-40 "
214o-39
2l4a-3ti
?^ A#.-2I
214a-36
2 l 4 a - 3S
column
i n t he
h a r n e s s ;
3 0 i . i - ?4
301a-23
301a-22
301.1-21
301a-20
J O l a - 19
3Qla-lfl
Heddle
e ye
214b-.4fl.--
214b-47
214b-46
214b-45
? l 4 b - 44
?14b-43
214b-42
? l 4 b - 4 l
23 4b—10
214b-39
214b-38
2t45i-37
2l4b^36
9AA,h-ih
" 2nd
column
i n the
h a r n e s s
3 0 l b - 24
30U>-23
3t)lb-22
3 0 l b - 21
301b-2O
3Ulb-19
3 0 l b - 18
e y e
2l4c-4Ef
21 4 c - 47
214c-4 Fi
214C-45
21 At—A A
214C-43
214C-42
?-\Ac~41
214c-40 .
214C-39
214c-38
214C-.17
? 1 4 c - 36
2L4tt-35
3 rd
column
i ri U.e
ha m e sa
3 0 l c - 24
3 0 1 c - ?3
301c-22h
3 0 1 c - 2 l
301C-20
30U:-19
301c-18
Hcdfll e
eye
2Md-48
214d-47
2 l 4 d - 46
2 l 4 d - 4^
214d-44
2 l 4 d - 43
?14d-42
214d-4l
2 l 4 d - 40
?14d-39
214d-3R
2 l 4 d - 37
214d-36
214d-35
4 th
oyl UHLN
i n the
h a r n e s s
3Old-2 4
3Qld-23
30U1-22
3 0 l d - 21
301d-20
301d-19 L
3 0 1 d - lS
-.•inflifzE.-
jgm**
•-:^mmmiMW,::
14
2 1 4 a - 3 4
2 l 4 a - 3 3
? M a - 3 2
2 1 4 a - 3 1
? 1 4 a - 3 0
2 1 4 J - 2 9
2 l 4 a - 2B
? H a - 2 i
2 1 4 , 1 - 26
2l4a-2T>
? l 4 a - 2 4
2 1 4 . i - ? 3
2 l 4 a - 2 2
2 M a - 2 l
2 1 4 , s - 20
2 l 4 a - 1 9
2 1 4 a - l 8
2 1 4 a - L 7
2 1 4 a - 1 6
2 1 4 a - l l i
2 l 4 i i - 1 4
2 1 4 a - 1 3
2 1 4 a - 1 2
2 M a - l l
2 l 4 a - 1 0
2l4a-EJ
2 1 4 a - 8
2 l 4 a - 7
2 1 4 a - 6
2 H a - 5
2 1 4 a - 4
2 l 4 a - 3
214 a - ?
- 2 1 4 a - 1
3 0 J < - J - 1 7
3 Q 1 a - l b -
J O l a - l E i
3 0 1 a - 1 4
3 0 1 a - 1 3 ,
3 0 l a - 1 2
3 0 1 a - 1 1
3 0 U - 1 0
3 0 l a - 9
3 0 1 , s -8
3 0 1 a - /
3 0 l a - 6
301 a -5
3 0 1 a - 4
-
3 U l a - 3
3 0 1 3 - 2
3 0 1 a - l
2 l 4 b - 3 4
2 l 4 b - 3 3
? l 4 b - 3 2
2 l 4 b - 3 1
2 l 4 b - 3 0
914b-2y
2 l 4 b - ? 0
2 l 4 b - 2 7
2 M b - 2 6
2 l 4 b - ? 5
2 l 4 b - 2 4
? 1 4 b - 2 3
2 l 4 b - 2 2
2 l 4 b - 2 1
2 H b - 2 0
2 l 4 b - l 9
21413-18
? l 4 b - l /
2 l 4 b - l f i
2 1 4 b - 1 5
? H b - l 4
2 l 4 b - 1 3
2 1 4 b - 1 2
2 l 4 b - l l
2 1 4 b - 1 0
2 l 4 b - 9
2 l 4 b - 8
2 l 4 b - 7
2 l 4 b = 6.
2 l 4 b . -b
21^111—1
2 1 4 b - 3
2 1 4 b - 2 -
2 1 4 b - I
3 0 l b - 1 7
3 o i b - i e
3 0 i b - l i>
3 0 l b - l 4
3 0 1 b - l 3
3 0 1 b - 1 2
3 0 1 b - l l
3 0 l b - J 0
3 0 1 b - y
3 0 l b -B
301S1-7
-
3 0 1 b - f r
3 0 l b - 5
3 0 1 b - 4
3 0 1 b - 3
3 0 l b - 2
3 0 1 b -1
2 1 4 c - 3 4
2 1 4 o - 3 3
2 l 4 c - 3 ?
? ! 4 c - 3 l
2 1 4 C - 30
2 1 4 C - 2 9
2 l 4 c - 2 8 -
2 1 4 C - 27
2 1 4 C - 26
? l 4 c - 2 i
2 1 4 C - 24
2 1 4 C - 2 3
2 1 4 0 - 2 2
2 1 4 n - ? 1
2 1 4 C - 20
• ? 1 4 o - 19
2 1 4 ^ - 1 8
2 1 4 C - 1 7
2 1 4 c - l 6
2 L 4 0 - 15
2 1 4 C - 14
? L 4 o - 1 3
? 1 4 o - 1 2
2 1 4 C - 1 1
P H c - 1 0
2 l 4 c - 9
214C-H
2 1 At— '
_ 2 1 4 c -6
2 l 4 c - 5
? ! 4 c - 4 - -
2 J 4 < : -3
2 1 4 C -2
2 t 4 c - l . - :
3 0 1 c - 1 7
3 0 J a - EG
3 0 1 c - 1 5
3 0 l c - 1 4
3 0 1 r ; - l 3
3 0 J u - 1 2
3 0 l c - l l
3 0 1 R - 10
3 0 1 ^ - 9
3 0 l c -R
3 0 1 o - 7
3 0 1 c - b
3 0 1 c - 5
301O-4
3 0 1 c - 3
3 0 1 c - 2
3 0 1 o - l
2 l 4 d - 3 4
? 1 4 d - 3 3
2 1 4 d - 3 2
2 l 4 d - 3 1
? i 4 * j - 30
2 1 4 d - 2 9
2 l 4 d - 2 8
? ! 4 d - 2 7
2 1 4 d - ? 6
2 l 4 d - 2 5
21 4tf-24
2 1 4 d - 2 3
2 1 4 d - 2 2
2 1 1 d - 2 1
2 1 4 r i - ?0
2 l 4 d - 1 9
2 M d - 1 8
2 1 4 d - 1 7
2 l 4 d - i e
? 1 4 d - l b
2 1 4 d - l 4
2 1 4 4 - 1 3
2 l 4 d - l 2
2 1 4 f l ^ l1
2 l 4 d - 1 0
2 l 4 d - 9
2 1 4 d - 8
214d-"?
?l4d-bm _
2 1 4 , 1 -5
2-14d-4
2 ] 4 d - 3
2 1 4 d - 2 "
2 l 4 d - l
3 0 1 d - l 7
3 0 l d - 1 6
3 0 1 d - 1 5
3 0 1 t l - l 4
3 0 l d " 1 3
3 0 1 4 - 1 2
3 0 I J - 1 1
301(1-10
301li-c)
3 0 U - 8
3 0 l d - J7
3 0 ] d - 6
3 0 l < i -b
3 0 l d - 4
3 Q l d - 3
3 0 1 d - 2
3 0 l d - l
The warp yarns from the warp 'columns are deflected
and organized by the comb 240 to match the numbers of
columns and of layers of warp yarns thai, arc defined Tor
the fabr.ic- Thus, for four "columns of 48 heddles, the
^shed has four columns of 24 warp yarns, i,c, a firsL
column of yarns 301a-l to 3Qla-24, a second column of
. -_• ';^."=u- -
• :y^iJJi£lWM^&£ £•
15
10
yarns 30lb-1 to 301b-24, a third column of yarns 301e-l
to 301c-24, and a fourth column of yarns 30ld-l to
3013-24, L-horeby making it possible to obtain in the
.1 ocation where the warp yarns' are woven with the wef I.
yarns the density ol warp yarns that is intended for the
fabric.
Tn the example described with reference to figures d
to 9, the distance d?A\ between two" adjacent teeLh 241 of
the comb 240 corresponds to the distance dh between two
columns 2111 of holes 2110 in the comber board 211, and
to the distance between two warp columns in the fabric
divided by 2, four warp yarn columns beino, present
between (.wo adjacent Loeth 121 of the comb 120-
•.c yarns i n the fabric
multiplied by 2.
b* h loom according to any one "of claims 1 to •!,
10 characterized in that it includes a comb .located
downstream from the control cords in tne direction of
advance of the warp yarns, and in Lhat the spacing
distance between two adjacent teeth of said comb
corresponds to a disLance thai serves (.o pass a number of
15 warp yarns between L:wo teeLh of tho comb that, corresponds
to a divisor of L he number of columns of holes per said
unit length in the comber board and to a divisor of the
. number of warp columns pes. said unit length .in the
fabric.
20
b. Use of the loom according to-any one of claims 1 to 5,
for mat nig roi n forcing fiber structures lor composite*
material blades of aeroengines.