Specification
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The present invention relates in general to effluent treatment of wastewater. In
particular it relates to a bio-augmentation composition for improving efficiency in effluent
treatment for reduction of hydrocarbon content in wastewater generated from hydrocarbon
processing industry. It further relates to a method of improving efficiency of treatment of waste
water for reduction of hydrocarbons therein. The invention also relates to use of selective
microorganisms as a microbial consortium in the composition for the purpose and their isolation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND PRIOR ART
[002] Basic wastewater treatment facilities reduce organic and suspended solids to limit
pollution to the environment, however often they are not upto the satisfactory level. Lack of
efficient waste water treatment may cause serious environmental damages and hence it is still a
major concern for various industries. Depending on the type of industry and the nature of its
wastes, industries have been utilizing various methods to purify wastewater containing pollutants
such as heavy metals and toxic chemicals before it can be discharged, hi many parts of the
world serious health problems and diseases have often been caused by discharging untreated or
inadequately treated wastewater. Such discharges or water pollutants result in the spreading of
disease and may cause destruction of other forms of aquatic life.
[003] Petroleum processing industries use large quantity of water during various
processing operations and produce large quantity of water contaminated with hydrocarbons,
phenols, heavy metals and sulphides in varying amounts depending on the production processes.
Besides that, accidental spillage of petroleum also causes contamination of water bodies. These
pollutants, if left untreated can cause serious ill effects to the environment and human beings.
Apart from that, if the water is to be re-used, it should be treated for removal of pollutants. The
wastewater in a typical petroleum processing industry is treated in Effluent Treatment Plant
(ETP) by various physico-chemical methods in which the economically recoverable products
like hydrocarbons are recovered and the rest pollutants are degraded by mainly microbial action.
[004] At present, wastewater treatment plants commonly utilize one or more processes
for the treatment of wastewater. The most widely used wastewater treatment process is that of
"primary treatment" which relies on plain sedimentation of settleable wastewater solids for
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and suspended solids removal. The efficiency of the
primary process is in the 25-30% range. However, the results of primary treatment can be
improved by the use of chemicals to enhance the settleability of wastewater solids.
[005] In addition to the primary treatment process, there is a number of "secondary
treatment" processes employed. These processes improve water quality by employing the growth
of biological masses, which utilize the pollutants in the water for nutrients in their metabolic life
cycles. The subsequent removal of the biological masses from the wastewater results in an
effluent of an improved quality.
[006] The "trickling filter" treatment is one secondary technique widely used in the
treatment of wastewater. The filter is a packed bed of media, which provides a surface upon
which a film of biological slime can grow and over which the wastewater is passed. The oxygen
and organic matter in the wastewater diffuse into the film where the oxidation and synthesis of
additional growth can occur. Plants using the trickling filter method can effect a carbonaceous
BOD removal of 60 to 90 percent, depending mainly on the loading rate of the facility. In
addition, the trickling filter process can effect an oxidation of the ammonia present in the
wastewater, which is desirable.
[007] The other and probably most widely used secondary treatment for wastewater is
the "activated sludge" process. The activated sludge process can be defined as a process in which
flocculated biological growths are continuously circulated and contacted with organic
wastewater in the presence of oxygen. The oxygen is usually supplied by bubbling air into the
sludge-liquid mixture in an aeration tank. This air can be introduced through air diffusers to
develop a hydraulic motion of the contents of the aeration tank. A typical hydraulic motion
involves a "spiral roll" of the contents of the aeration tank. The aeration step is usually followed
by a solid-liquid separation from which a portion of the biologically active sludge is separated
and recycled back to the aeration tank to provide an active source of bacterial growth to continue
treatment. The activated sludge process under optimum conditions can be up to 90% effective in
the removal of carbonaceous BOD. However, the "activated sludge" process is not without
disadvantages as it can be readily upset by surges in the volume of wastewater and other
circumstances which may prevent the attainment of the designed goals.
[008] Microbial degradation appears to be the most environment friendly approach of
oil removal as these microbes transform the pollutants to CO2 and water. Typically, the
biological treatment of the wastewater is carried out in the biological treatment section by the
activated sludge process. In activated sludge process wastewater containing organic matter is
aerated in an aeration basin in which micro-organisms metabolize the suspended and soluble
organic matter. Part of organic matter is synthesized into new cells and part is oxidized to CO2
and water to derive energy. In activated sludge systems the new cells formed in the reaction are
removed from the liquid stream in the form of a flocculent sludge in settling tanks. A part of this
settled biomass, described as activated sludge is returned to the aeration tank and the remaining
forms waste or excess sludge. The efficiency of microbes in activated sludge process depends
upon the concentration of pollutants, presence of heavy metals, availability of carbon source,
temperature, pH and process conditions like mixing regime, loading rate, and the hydraulic flow
rate. Gram- negative heterotrophic bacteria mainly of Pseudomonas type constitute the majority
of microorganisms present in activated sludge.
[009] The biological treatment of industrial wastewaters by activated sludge process is,
however, often disrupted by shock load from organic (e.g., chlorinated organics, phenolic
compounds, surfactants, and herbicides) and inorganic (e.g., heavy metals, sulfides, and
ammonia) chemicals present in the wastewater stream. This disruption of biological processes
results in decreased carbon removal and modification of sludge compaction properties. Little is
known about the composition of mixed microbial communities in reactors when biological
processes are disrupted by or recovering from. Besides that, day by day, the statutory
requirement for limit of hydrocarbons in effluent discharge is being decreased by statutory
bodies. For example, in India the limit has been reduced from 10 ppm to 5 ppm for oil and grease
(O&G) content effective by 2009. This also calls for the invention which can be used to meet the
requirement by no change in the existing ETP configuration, which is a very cost intensive affair.
[010] Petroleum refineries produce wastewater from their various processes. This water
is treated in the ETPs. Bioremediation, using activated sludge is one option for the treatment of
such wastes. Biological units (trickling filter and aeration chambers) reduce the O&G content by
catabolic capacities of microbes. The extent of degradation depends on presence of required
catabolic gene pool as well as in their numbers. ETPs are usually unable to completely degrade
the wastewater being treated in the biological unit (the aerator chambers). By providing the
desired catabolic potential in adequate numbers, the overall efficiency of the treatment system
can be improved by bio-augmentation and/or bio-stimulation. Bio-augmentation of activated
sludge systems with specialised bacterial strains could be a powerful tool to improve several
aspects in wastewater treatment processes, such as improved degradation of recalcitrant
compounds.
[Oil] Bioremediation strategies rely on the catabolic capacities of microbes to transform
harmful pollutants into harmless compounds. Wastewater generated from the petroleum industry
finds its way into soil and water bodies causing pollution problems of increasing magnitude.
Despite decades of research, successful bioremediation of petroleum wastes still remains a
problem. Treatment of this wastewater in ETPs is carried out by microbial biomass in the
activated sludge of the ETP. The efficiency of the microbial population depends on various
factors, such as the concentration of pollutants, their availability as a carbon source, temperature,
pH, etc. Due to adverse stress conditions, the ETP does not run at its maximum efficiency and
the treated wastewater still contains high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) levels. Sometimes,
the required gene pool for further degradation may not be present or its titer value could be too
low for sustained expression. In such cases, methods like nutrient addition (bio-stimulation) or
the addition of laboratory grown bacteria that have the desired degradation capacity (bio-
augmentation) could be followed. The effects of bio-stimulation on total petroleum hydrocarbons
have been extensively investigated in controlled conditions and in open field experiments under
optimal conditions. It is reported that nutrient supplementation may speed up the process of
bioremediation, since the addition of large quantities of oil results in a high C:N ratio which is
unfavorable to microbial activity. In cases where natural communities of degrading bacteria are
present in low numbers or even absent, bio-augmentation, i.e., the addition of contaminant-
degrading organisms can speed up the degradation process. The main advantage of bio-
augmentation is the addition of a different gene pool that complements the existing one and helps
in further degradation of pollutants.
[012] Bio-augmentation, the addition of bacterial products that increases the biological
activity in the system and addition of optimized nutrients could be beneficial to enhance the
degradation efficiency. This helps to reduce the contaminants in faster manner. Bio-
augmentation products can be either liquid or dry. Because of ease of handling, liquid products
are generally preferred and can be added by a liquid metering pump drawing on a container that
is replenished on a periodic basis. However, dry formulations are preferred for other applications
such as waste treatment facilities. Strains used in bio-augmentation of hydrocarbons should have
efficient hydrocarbon degrading ability to produce hydrocarbon solubilizing surface active
agents and should have tolerance/detoxification methodology for heavy metals like vanadium,
nickel and chromium etc. Since, the activated sludge operates in ambient conditions, changing
seasons, particularly in tropic countries like India, where all extremes of three seasons i.e.,
winter, summer, rainy seasons are observed, the bio-augmentation formulation should have
ability to grow and effectively remove toxicants. Bio-augmentation product should also have the
ability to stabilize in aeration tank and multiply in appropriate numbers. The growth of the added
microbes should also not be inhibited by already present in activated sludge and vice versa.
When Gram-negative microorganisms are used for bio-augmentation, they are present as
vegetative cells and as such they may be killed by chemicals, such as surfactants, heavy metals
which often remain present in the wastewater. The spore forming Gram-positive bacteria are
more resistant to the toxic substances.
[013] Accordingly, there is a need to develop bio-augmentation formulations that can
effectively and efficiently degrade oil and grease and which should have environment-tolerant
features to work in seasonal variations. There is a further need for increasing tolerance level of
the microbial consortium which can detoxify/tolerate heavy metals present in the wastewater and
the process should work without any change in the existing ETP configuration.
[014] US Patent 4,093,539 discloses a method for operating an activated sludge
wastewater treatment plant, which utilizes rotating contactors that are partially submerged in the
wastewater in the aeration tank of the activated sludge plant. The rotating contactors provide a
fixed film media for the growth of biological life that is present in the recycled activated sludge
in the aeration tank. The result is a more active biological coating on the fixed film media than is
found on such media when used as a separate secondary treatment. In the preferred embodiment,
the energy to rotate the contactors is supplied by the same compressed gas that is normally
introduced below the surface of the wastewater in the aeration tank of the conventional activated
sludge system
[015] US Patent 5,705,072 discloses a process for bio-treatment of effluent from waste
gas scrubbing systems of hydrocarbon processing facilities and for the biotreatment of sulfide
and ammonia containing wastewater streams from other sources. Sulfides are minimized by
bacteria cultures, particularly Thiobacillus. COD, TKN and BOD are concurrently minimized by
co-cultures of the bacteria with various heterotrophs. In a version of the process, the co-cultures
of the bacteria with various heterotrophs are also capable of performing nitrification, without
application of nitrifiers. Acclimation of the heterotrophs to the species to be removed is
accomplished by biological acclimation and enrichment reactors which reduce mycell toxicity to
the heterotrophs. To control pH of the heterotrophic reaction with sulfides, magnesium oxide
(MgO) and caustic are used separately or in combination. With adequate removal of the COD,
TKN and BOD, nitrification and removal of ammonia can be accomplished by nitrifying bacteria
cultures, particularly nitrosomonas and nitrobacters. Enrichment of the nitrosomonas and
nitrobacters is accomplished by using a biological enrichment reactor. To control pH and provide
a carbon source for the nitrosomonas and nitrobacters, a combination of magnesium oxide and
sodium bicarbonate is utilized.
[016] US Patent 6,818,211 discloses a Gram-positive microorganism, Bacillus
megaterium that effectively and efficiently degrades fatty acids. A composition comprising said
microorganism and a method for degrading fatty acids and grease are also disclosed. Availability
of glycerol to the biodegrading microorganism was discovered to enhance biodegradation.
[017] US Patent 6,25,1657 discloses an apparatus and method for anaerobic
biodegradation, bioremediation or bioprocessing of hydrocarbon dissolved in aqueous matrix,
such as wastewater, ground water, or slurry and dissolved alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and/or
halogenated hydrocarbons that are metabolized or co-metabolized by denitrifying bacteria.
[018] US Patent 7,560,027 discloses a method and an apparatus for treating organic
wastewater and sludge which remarkably reduce the generated amount of sludge at a much lower
running cost, and which reduce the size and the capacity of the solubilization tank. The method
and apparatus for treating the sludge employs a biological treatment system, wherein a biological
treatment of wastewater is carried out, and a solid-liquid separation unit for separating a solid
from a liquid in the wastewater after the biological treatment gives a treated wastewater and a
sludge. The apparatus has a means for obtaining a withdrawn sludge from a part of the sludge
and an alkali-treatment tank, wherein an alkali-treatment of the withdrawn sludge is carried out.
The apparatus also has a biological solubilization tank which solubilizes the sludge after the
alkali-treatment under an anaerobic, anoxic or microaerophilic condition, and a means for
recycling the solubilized sludge to the biological treatment system.
[019] US Patent 6,653,120 discloses generally biodegrading volatile organic
compounds found in refinery liquid waste streams and, in particular, a process and apparatus for
removing volatile organic compounds from refinery liquid waste streams. Volatile organic
compound content of liquid refinery waste stream is reduced by using aqueous solutions
containing microbes.
[020] US Patent 7,547,394 teaches about a wastewater treatment system using aerobic
granules which has a large number of sequencing batch reactor tanks with high volumetric
exchange rate, a variable cycle length and constant batch volume. The batch reactors are
operated for C, N removal and P is removed chemically, optionally under BioP enhanced
conditions. SS are removed in a downstream separation step.
[021] US Patent 7,344,643 discloses a process which utilizes an activated sludge tank,
a solid-liquid separator, and a bioreactor to significantly reduce, or eliminate, waste activated
sludge (WAS) within a sludge stream. A sidestream reactor is employed downstream from the
bioreactor to remove soluble phosphates left in the sludge stream by the low WAS process.
Within the sidestream reactor, a source of multivalent metal ions is added to a slightly alkaline
sludge stream to precipitate the phosphates. The solid phosphates have a specific gravity higher
than that of the organic matter in the sludge stream and may be separated from the sludge stream
based upon differential settling velocity.
[022] Burgess et al. 2000 (JE Burgess, J Quarmby and T Stephenson Vitamin addition:
an option for sustainable activated sludge process effluent quality; Journal of Industrial
Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 267-274) describe the process wherein performance
and metabolic rates of samples of activated sludge dosed with vitamin supplements have been
compared. After initial screening, four vitamins and two metals as single supplements and in
pairs were dosed continuously into the mixed liquor of an activated sludge simulation. Toxicity,
oxygen demand removal, respiration rates and suspended solids were measured to monitor the
effect on process efficiency. It was confirmed experimentally that an industrial wastewater
stream did not contain a sufficient supply of micronutrients for efficient biological treatment.
This was concluded from the observation that control sludge batches (receiving no supplements)
averaged chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of 58%. Dosing micronutrients into the
mixed liquor produced removal efficiencies of up to 69%. Some of the supplements increased
the respiration rate of the sludge while some decreased it, indicating a range of stimulatory and
inhibitory effects. Complex interactions between micronutrients that were dosed simultaneously
were evident. Several positive effects led to the conclusion that micronutrients have the potential
to optimise process performance of activated sludge plants treating industrial wastewater. The
addition of phosphorus/niacin and molybdenum/lactoflavin removed wastewater components
that were toxic to nitrifiers as indicated through toxicity testing, thus protecting downstream
nitrification/denitrification treatment processes.
[023] Pala and Sponnza 1996 (A. I. Pala; D. T. Sponza Biological Treatment of
Petrochemical Wastewaters by Pseudomonas Sp. Added Activated Sludge Culture.
Environmental Technology, Volume 17, Issue 7 July 1996, pages 673-685) isolated a
Pseudomonas sp. from the activated sludge of a petrochemical industry treatment plant and used
as an inoculum culture for biological treatment of petrochemical wastewaters. The objective was
the comparison of biological treatment efficiencies between Pseudomonas sp. added activated
sludge and normal activated sludge taken from the full scale treatment plant. Experiments were
carried out both in batch and continuous operations using a laboratory scale activated sludge
system. Monod kinetic was used to determine kinetic coefficients from the experimental data of
continuous operations. The maximum COD utilization rate constant (k), saturation constant (Ks),
microbial decay rate (k
Documents
Orders
| Section |
Controller |
Decision Date |
| Order us 15-NBA Permission |
Monika Yadav |
2020-10-20 |
| 15 |
Monika Yadav |
2024-01-25 |
Application Documents
| # |
Name |
Date |
| 1 |
474-KOL-2011-Undertaking for compliance of Applicant's declaration given in Form 1(Para 12(iii)) [18-10-2024(online)].pdf |
2024-10-18 |
| 1 |
abstract-474-kol-2011.jpg |
2011-10-06 |
| 2 |
474-KOL-2011-NBA INTIMATION TO APPLICANT COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENT-18-09-2024.pdf |
2024-09-18 |
| 2 |
474-kol-2011-specification.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 3 |
474-KOL-2011-Written submissions and relevant documents [13-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-13 |
| 3 |
474-kol-2011-gpa.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 4 |
474-kol-2011-form-5.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 4 |
474-KOL-2011-FORM-26 [26-11-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-11-26 |
| 5 |
474-kol-2011-form-3.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 5 |
474-KOL-2011-Correspondence to notify the Controller [24-11-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-11-24 |
| 6 |
474-KOL-2011-US(14)-ExtendedHearingNotice-(HearingDate-28-11-2023).pdf |
2023-10-23 |
| 6 |
474-kol-2011-form-2.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 7 |
474-KOL-2011-NBA INTIMATION TO APPLICANT COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENT-28-06-2023.pdf |
2023-06-28 |
| 7 |
474-kol-2011-form-1.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 8 |
474-KOL-2011-NBA INTIMATION TO APPLICANT COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENT-12-01-2023.pdf |
2023-01-12 |
| 8 |
474-kol-2011-drawings.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 9 |
474-kol-2011-description (complete).pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 9 |
474-KOL-2011-Written submissions and relevant documents [25-09-2020(online)].pdf |
2020-09-25 |
| 10 |
474-KOL-2011-Correspondence to notify the Controller [11-09-2020(online)].pdf |
2020-09-11 |
| 10 |
474-kol-2011-correspondence.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 11 |
474-kol-2011-claims.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 11 |
474-KOL-2011-FORM-26 [11-09-2020(online)].pdf |
2020-09-11 |
| 12 |
474-kol-2011-abstract.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 12 |
474-KOL-2011-US(14)-HearingNotice-(HearingDate-14-09-2020).pdf |
2020-08-20 |
| 13 |
474-KOL-2011-CLAIMS [24-01-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 13 |
474-KOL2011-(20-10-2011)-FORM 4.pdf |
2011-10-20 |
| 14 |
474-KOL-2011-(30-12-2011)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf |
2011-12-30 |
| 14 |
474-KOL-2011-FER_SER_REPLY [24-01-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 15 |
474-KOL-2011-(30-12-2011)-AMANDED PAGES OF SPECIFICATION.pdf |
2011-12-30 |
| 15 |
474-KOL-2011-OTHERS [24-01-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 16 |
474-KOL-2011-FORM-18.pdf |
2012-07-02 |
| 16 |
474-KOL-2011-PETITION UNDER RULE 137 [24-01-2019(online)]-1.pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 17 |
474-KOL-2011-PETITION UNDER RULE 137 [24-01-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 17 |
474-KOL-2011-(06-06-2013)-PA.pdf |
2013-06-06 |
| 18 |
474-KOL-2011-(06-06-2013)-FORM-13.pdf |
2013-06-06 |
| 18 |
474-KOL-2011-FER.pdf |
2018-07-25 |
| 19 |
474-KOL-2011-(06-06-2013)-FORM-1.pdf |
2013-06-06 |
| 19 |
Other Patent Document [09-09-2016(online)].pdf |
2016-09-09 |
| 20 |
474-KOL-2011-(06-06-2013)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf |
2013-06-06 |
| 20 |
Form 3 [22-07-2016(online)].pdf |
2016-07-22 |
| 21 |
Form 3 [22-07-2016(online)].pdf_35.pdf |
2016-07-22 |
| 21 |
Form 3 [22-07-2016(online)].pdf_37.pdf |
2016-07-22 |
| 22 |
Form 3 [22-07-2016(online)].pdf_36.pdf |
2016-07-22 |
| 23 |
Form 3 [22-07-2016(online)].pdf_35.pdf |
2016-07-22 |
| 23 |
Form 3 [22-07-2016(online)].pdf_37.pdf |
2016-07-22 |
| 24 |
Form 3 [22-07-2016(online)].pdf |
2016-07-22 |
| 24 |
474-KOL-2011-(06-06-2013)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf |
2013-06-06 |
| 25 |
Other Patent Document [09-09-2016(online)].pdf |
2016-09-09 |
| 25 |
474-KOL-2011-(06-06-2013)-FORM-1.pdf |
2013-06-06 |
| 26 |
474-KOL-2011-(06-06-2013)-FORM-13.pdf |
2013-06-06 |
| 26 |
474-KOL-2011-FER.pdf |
2018-07-25 |
| 27 |
474-KOL-2011-(06-06-2013)-PA.pdf |
2013-06-06 |
| 27 |
474-KOL-2011-PETITION UNDER RULE 137 [24-01-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 28 |
474-KOL-2011-FORM-18.pdf |
2012-07-02 |
| 28 |
474-KOL-2011-PETITION UNDER RULE 137 [24-01-2019(online)]-1.pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 29 |
474-KOL-2011-(30-12-2011)-AMANDED PAGES OF SPECIFICATION.pdf |
2011-12-30 |
| 29 |
474-KOL-2011-OTHERS [24-01-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 30 |
474-KOL-2011-(30-12-2011)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf |
2011-12-30 |
| 30 |
474-KOL-2011-FER_SER_REPLY [24-01-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 31 |
474-KOL-2011-CLAIMS [24-01-2019(online)].pdf |
2019-01-24 |
| 31 |
474-KOL2011-(20-10-2011)-FORM 4.pdf |
2011-10-20 |
| 32 |
474-kol-2011-abstract.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 32 |
474-KOL-2011-US(14)-HearingNotice-(HearingDate-14-09-2020).pdf |
2020-08-20 |
| 33 |
474-kol-2011-claims.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 33 |
474-KOL-2011-FORM-26 [11-09-2020(online)].pdf |
2020-09-11 |
| 34 |
474-KOL-2011-Correspondence to notify the Controller [11-09-2020(online)].pdf |
2020-09-11 |
| 34 |
474-kol-2011-correspondence.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 35 |
474-kol-2011-description (complete).pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 35 |
474-KOL-2011-Written submissions and relevant documents [25-09-2020(online)].pdf |
2020-09-25 |
| 36 |
474-KOL-2011-NBA INTIMATION TO APPLICANT COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENT-12-01-2023.pdf |
2023-01-12 |
| 36 |
474-kol-2011-drawings.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 37 |
474-KOL-2011-NBA INTIMATION TO APPLICANT COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENT-28-06-2023.pdf |
2023-06-28 |
| 37 |
474-kol-2011-form-1.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 38 |
474-KOL-2011-US(14)-ExtendedHearingNotice-(HearingDate-28-11-2023).pdf |
2023-10-23 |
| 38 |
474-kol-2011-form-2.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 39 |
474-kol-2011-form-3.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 39 |
474-KOL-2011-Correspondence to notify the Controller [24-11-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-11-24 |
| 40 |
474-kol-2011-form-5.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 40 |
474-KOL-2011-FORM-26 [26-11-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-11-26 |
| 41 |
474-KOL-2011-Written submissions and relevant documents [13-12-2023(online)].pdf |
2023-12-13 |
| 41 |
474-kol-2011-gpa.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 42 |
474-KOL-2011-NBA INTIMATION TO APPLICANT COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENT-18-09-2024.pdf |
2024-09-18 |
| 42 |
474-kol-2011-specification.pdf |
2011-10-06 |
| 43 |
474-KOL-2011-Undertaking for compliance of Applicant's declaration given in Form 1(Para 12(iii)) [18-10-2024(online)].pdf |
2024-10-18 |
| 43 |
abstract-474-kol-2011.jpg |
2011-10-06 |
Search Strategy
| 1 |
Searchstrategy474KOL2011_31-05-2018.pdf |