Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to hand pumps. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a system and a method for monitoring a fault state of hand pumps.
Background
Hand pumps are used in a variety of applications for raising liquid from a well or a borehole to a surface level. For example, hand pumps may be used to provide drinking water to communities, particularly in the developing world, with lever-action reciprocating handpumps, such as the Afridev pump or India Mark II being the most common types. Hand pumps may be located at remote locations, and monitoring, servicing, and maintaining proper operations of such remotely located hand pumps, may be difficult. Moreover, hand pumps may often be distributed over large regions sometimes with insufficient local capacity for timely repairs.
Summary of the Invention
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a monitoring system for a hand pump. The hand pump includes a handle and is configured to discharge water in response to a movement of the handle. The monitoring system includes a first sensing unit configured to detect an actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump during a pumping event of the hand pump. The monitoring system further includes a second sensing unit configured to determine one or more operating parameters of the hand pump during the pumping event. The monitoring system furthermore includes a controller communicably coupled to the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit. The controller is configured to estimate a volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump, during the pumping event, based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump. The controller is further configured to determine a fault state of the hand pump when the actual volume of water is less than the estimated volume of water, by a threshold volume.
In another aspect, the disclosure relates to a method of monitoring a hand pump. The hand pump includes a handle and is configured to discharge water in response to a movement of the handle. The method includes detecting, by a first sensing unit, an actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump during a pumping event of the hand pump. The method further includes determining, by a second sensing unit, one or more operating parameters of the hand pump during the pumping event. Further, the method includes estimating, by a controller, a volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump, during the pumping event, based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump. The method furthermore includes determining, by the controller, a fault state of the hand pump when the actual volume of water is less than the estimated volume of water, by a threshold volume.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a front cross-sectional view of a hand pump, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 illustrates an enlarged cross-sectional view of the hand pump of FIG. 1 depicting internal components of the hand pump, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 illustrates a front cross-sectional view of the hand pump of FIG. 1 with a handle of the hand pump at an uppermost position, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 illustrates a front cross-sectional view of the hand pump of FIG. 1 with the handle of the hand pump at a lowermost position, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 illustrates a monitoring system for the hand pump, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
FIG. 6 is a flow chart depicting a method for monitoring the hand pump using the monitoring system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description of the Drawings
The present disclosure relates to a reciprocating pump for lifting water from a well or a water reservoir. The reciprocating pump may be a manually operated pump, such as a hand pump. Referring to FIG. 1, an exemplary hand pump 100 is shown. The hand pump 100 is configured to draw water from a well or a bore hole 102 formed in a ground 200. The hand pump 100 may include a cylindrical pipe 104 having one end of the cylindrical pipe 104 submerged into the water of the well or the bore hole 102, and another end disposed above the ground 200. The cylindrical pipe 104 may include an opening 106 and an end cap 108. The end cap 108 may be removably coupled to a first end of the cylindrical pipe 104 disposed above the ground 200 to cover the opening 106. The end cap 108 may include a flange 110 which is coupled to a corresponding flange 112 formed at the first end of the hand pump 100. In an embodiment, bolts and nuts 114 may be employed to couple the flanges 110, 112. Alternatively, the flanges 110, 112 may be coupled by welding, riveting or any other techniques commonly known in the art. Also, the cylindrical pipe 104 may be fixed on the ground 200 using a pump platform 126. The pump platform 126 may be a rigid and sturdy structure and may be configured to provide a stable foundation to the hand pump 100 over the ground 200.
The hand pump 100 may further include a plunger 120 disposed inside a riser pipe 122 that is at least partially disposed inside the cylindrical pipe 104, and a pump rod 124 connected to the plunger 120. A portion of the pump rod 124 may extend axially outwardly from the cylindrical pipe 104 through the opening 106. The portion of the pump rod 124 may be coupled with a handle 140. In an embodiment, the pump rod 124 is coupled to the handle 140 by a coupling member such as a chain 142. Alternatively, the pump rod 124 may be connected to the handle 140 by a pin or bolt mechanism or any other mechanism commonly known in the art. The handle 140 is pivotally coupled to a head of the hand pump 100 via a fulcrum pin 144. The fulcrum pin 144 facilitates a pivoting motion of the handle 140, along a direction as indicated by arrows A-A’ in FIG. 1. The pivoting motion of the handle 140 may result into a reciprocating motion of the pump rod 124. The hand pump 100 may further include a bearing 146 disposed around the fulcrum pin 144 to facilitate a pivoting motion of the handle 140 relative to the head of the hand pump 100. Due to the pivoting motion of the handle 140, the plunger 120 may reciprocate within the riser pipe 122 to lift water from the well or the bore hole 102 inside the ground 200.
The hand pump 100 may further include a nozzle 118 disposed proximal to the first end of the cylindrical pipe 104. The nozzle 118 provides an outlet to the water lifted due to suction resulting from the reciprocating motion of the plunger 120 within the cylindrical pipe 104.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the hand pump 100 may include a pump centralizer 132 mounted on the pump rod 124. The pump centralizer 132 may be disposed around and connected to the pump rod 124 and may reciprocate along with the pump rod 124 inside the riser pipe 122 and may guide a linear motion of the pump rod 124 inside the riser pipe 122. The hand pump 100 may further include a first valve 150. The first valve 150 may be disposed at a lower end of the riser pipe 122. The first valve 150 may permit a flow of water from the bore hole 102 to the riser pipe 122 when the plunger 120 moves in the upward direction. The first valve 150 is closed when the plunger 120 moves in the downward direction, thereby preventing a backflow of water from the riser pipe 122 to the bore hole 102. In an embodiment, the first valve 150 may be a foot valve 151 disposed at the lower end of the riser pipe 122. The hand pump 100 may furthermore include an O-ring 138 disposed in a groove of the first valve 150 of the hand pump 100. The O-ring 138 may be engaged with an outer peripheral surface of the first valve 150 and an inner peripheral surface of the riser pipe 122. The O-ring 138 may be configured to avoid leakage across the first valve 150 of the hand pump 100. The hand pump 100 may further include a second valve 134. The second valve 134 may be disposed within the riser pipe 122 and positioned between the first valve 150 and a surface of the ground 200. The second valve 134 may be coupled to the plunger 120 and may permit a flow of water from a bottom side 128 of the plunger 120 to a top side 130 of the plunger 120 within the riser pipe 122 when the plunger 120 moves in a downward direction inside the riser pipe 122. The second valve 134 is closed when the plunger 120 moves in an upward direction, thereby preventing a backflow of water from the top side 130 to the bottom side 128 of the plunger 120. In an embodiment, the second valve 134 may be a bobbin valve 135. The hand pump 100 may further include a cup seal 136 coupled to and disposed around the plunger 120. The cup seal 136 may be an annular washer that may provide a seal between the plunger 120 and the riser pipe 122 to prevent leakage of water from the top side 130 of the plunger 120 to the bottom side 128 of the plunger 120.
The pivoting motion of the handle 140 may be a rotational movement of the handle 140, around a pivoting axis 116, between a first position and a second position (along the arrows A-A’ in FIG. 1). The pivoting axis 116 may be defined as an axis which passes through the fulcrum pin 144 of the hand pump 100. The first position of the handle 140 may be an uppermost position of the handle 140, as shown in FIG. 3. The uppermost position of the handle 140 may correspond to a position of the plunger 120 at a bottom dead center of the riser pipe 122 (i.e. a lowermost reachable point of the plunger 120 in the riser pipe 122). Also, the second position of the handle 140 may be a lowermost position of the handle 140, as shown in FIG. 4. The lowermost position may correspond to a position of the plunger 120 at a top dead center of the riser pipe 122 (i.e. a topmost reachable point of the plunger 120 in the riser pipe 122).
In an embodiment, the movement of the handle 140 from the uppermost position to the lowermost position or vice versa, may be contemplated as a full stroke of the handle 140, and the corresponding angle swept by the handle 140 about the fulcrum pin 144 may be contemplated as full stroke angle. In some embodiments, a pivoting motion of the handle 140 may start from any intermediate position between the uppermost position and the lowermost position and may end at any other intermediate position between the uppermost position and the lowermost position. Therefore, during the pivoting motion, a stroke angle executed by the handle 140 may be any angle greater than zero degree and less than or equal to the full stroke angle. For drawing and discharging water, a user may execute a plurality of strokes of the handle 140, each having a stroke angle less than or equal to the full stroke angle.
Referring to FIG. 5 a monitoring system 300 for monitoring an operation and a health of the hand pump 100 is described. In an embodiment, the monitoring system 300 is configured to determine a fault state of the hand pump 100. The fault state may include one or more fault conditions of the hand pump 100 which may include a failure of one or more components of the hand pump 100. The monitoring system 300 may include a first sensing unit 310, a second sensing unit 320, and a controller 330 communicably coupled to the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320. The first sensing unit 310, the second sensing unit 320 and the controller 330, each may be electrically coupled to a power source (not shown), such as a battery to receive power for performing various functions.
The first sensing unit 310 may be configured to measure an actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump 100 during a pumping event (described later). The first sensing unit 310 may determine the actual volume of water dispensed from the nozzle 118 for the pumping event.
In an embodiment, the first sensing unit 310 may include one or more sensors 312, for example, a flow sensor for measuring the actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump 100. Although the flow sensor 312 is contemplated, any other sensor, such as but not limited to, an orifice meter, a venturi meter, etc., suitable to measure volume of water discharged from the hand pump 100 may also be contemplated. In an embodiment, the first sensing unit 310 may be mounted within the nozzle 118 of the hand pump 100 using any technique known in the art, such as adhesion or clamping. Alternatively, the first sensing unit 310 may be mounted within the cylindrical pipe 104 of the hand pump 100.
The first sensing unit 310 may include a memory to store data detected by the first sensing unit 310. The first sensing unit 310 may store the data along with a time stamp. In an embodiment, the time stamp may correspond to a beginning of discharge of water from the hand pump 100. The first sensing unit 310 may then transmit the data to the controller 330. To enable such a transmission, the first sensing unit 310 may include a transceiver that may facilitate transfer of the data from the first sensing unit 310 to the controller 330. The first sensing unit 310 may transmit the data to the controller 330 continuously or at regular intervals.
The second sensing unit 320 may be configured to determine one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100 during the pumping event. In an embodiment, the one or more operating parameters may include a stroke angle or stroke length for each stroke of the handle 140 or a count of strokes of the handle 140. In some implementations, the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100 may include a level of water in the cylindrical pipe 104 or the riser pipe 122 of the hand pump 100.
In an embodiment, the second sensing unit 320 may include one or more sensors 312, for example a motion sensor, such as an accelerometer, inclinometer, gyroscope, angle sensor, or any such inertial sensor etc. for detecting the pivoting motion of the handle 140 and measure a stoke angle for each stroke of the handle. The second sensing unit 320 may be mounted on the handle 140 of the hand pump 100 using any technique known in the art, such as adhesion or clamping. The pumping event may correspond to an operation of the handle 140. In an embodiment, the pumping event may be contemplated as an event from a beginning of detection of the strokes of the handle 140 to an end of the detection of the strokes of the handle 140, by the motion sensor 322. Additionally, the second sensing unit 320 may include a water level sensor to determine the level of water in the cylindrical pipe 104 or the riser pipe 122 of the hand pump 100, and the water level sensor may be mounted to the cylindrical pipe 104 of the hand pump 100.
Like the first sensing unit 310, the second sensing unit 320 may include a memory to store data detected by the second sensing unit 320. The second sensing unit 320 may also store the data along with a time stamp. The second sensing unit 320 may include a transceiver that may facilitate a transfer of the data from the second sensing unit 320 to the controller 330. The second sensing unit 320 may also transmit the data continuously or at regular intervals.
The controller 330 may be in communication with the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320. Accordingly, the controller 330 may be configured to communicate and receive the data transmitted from each of the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320. The controller 330 may receive the data corresponding to the actual volume of water discharged by the hand pump 100, for the pumping event, from the first sensing unit 310. Further, the controller 330 may receive the data corresponding to the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100, during the pumping event, from the second sensing unit 320. The controller 330 may be configured to determine the fault condition of the hand pump 100 based on the data received from the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320,as explained below in subsequent paragraphs.
The controller 330 may include a memory 332 such as formed by a hard disk drive, flash drives, etc., that stores the data received from the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320. The memory 332 may include a computer-readable storage medium that may help store the data in a machine-readable format so as to be accessible by the controller 330.
The controller 330 may include a processor 334 which may be configured to process data received from the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320 to facilitate a determination of the fault condition of the hand pump 100. In an embodiment, the processor 334 may be a Pentium III microprocessor such as the 1 GHz Pentium III manufactured by Intel Inc., a Motorola 500 MHZ Power PC G4 processor, the Advanced Micro Devices 1 GHz AMD Athlon processor, or any other suitable processor commonly known in the art. In an embodiment, the controller 330 may be located on the hand pump 100. In another embodiment, the controller 330 may be located at a remote location from the hand pump 100.
The controller 330 is configured to estimate a volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100, during the pumping event, based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100. In an embodiment, the controller 330 may estimate a volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100 based on the count of strokes of the handle 140. The controller 330 may utilize models or charts or tables or trends stored in the memory 332 to estimate the volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100 based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100. For instance, the controller 330 may determine a trend of the actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump 100 based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100 under a fault-free state of the hand pump 100 for past pumping events, and store the trends in the memory 332. Further, during a pumping event, the controller 330 may receive data corresponding to the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100 from the second sensing unit 320, and based on the data and the trends, the controller 330 may estimate a volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100 during the pumping event. For example, the second sensing unit 320 may measure 100 full strokes and 10 half strokes of the handle 140, and may communicate the data to the controller 330. Then the controller 330, based on the data received from the second sensing unit 320 and the trends stored in the memory 332, may estimate the volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100 in response to 100 full strokes and 10half strokes of the hand pump 100.
The controller 330 is configured to compare the estimated volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100 with the actual volume of water discharged by the hand pump 100 to determine the fault state of the hand pump 100. In an embodiment, the controller 330 may compare the estimated volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100 with the actual volume of water discharged by the hand pump 100 for the pumping event to determine the health of the hand pump 100. The controller 330 may determine the fault state of the hand pump 100 when the actual volume of water discharged is less than the estimated volume of water to be discharged, by a threshold volume. The threshold volume may correspond to a percentage of the estimated volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100. For example, the threshold volume may be fifty percent or sixty percent of the estimated volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100.
Assuming that under the fault-free state of the hand pump 100, the hand pump 100 discharges 1 litre of water per stroke of the handle 140, and for a given pumping event the hand pump 100 has been subjected to 100 strokes of the handle 140. In such scenario, assuming that there is no air in the cylindrical pipe 104, if substantially 100 L of water is discharged from the hand pump 100, the controller 330 will determine the health of the hand pump 100 as fault-free state of the hand pump 100. However, if volume of water discharged from the hand pump 100, for the given pumping event, is less than 50L or 60L, the controller 330 will determine the health of the hand pump 100 as a fault state of the hand pump 100.
Further, the controller 330 is configured to determine one or more fault conditions associated with the fault state of the hand pump 100. The controller 330 may determine the one or more fault conditions based on a discharge state of the hand pump 100 and the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100.
The discharge state of the hand pump 100 may include one or more discharge conditions, for example a first discharge condition, a second discharge condition, and a third discharge condition. The first discharge condition may correspond to a condition in which a water discharged from the hand pump 100 is absent upon the pivoting motion of the handle 140. The controller 330 may determine the first discharge condition when the actual volume of water discharged, detected by the first sensing unit 310, from the hand pump 100 is absent for one or more pumping events.
The second discharge condition may correspond to a condition when there is a reduced discharge of water from the hand pump 100 upon the pivoting motion of the handle 140. The controller 330 may determine the reduced discharge condition when number of strokes of the handle 140 required for priming the pump remains the same, however the actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump 100 is less than the estimated volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100. In an exemplary scenario, if under the fault-free state of the hand pump 100, out of 100 strokes of the handle 140, first 10 strokes are utilized for priming the hand pump 100 and for next 90 strokes, on an average 1L of water per stroke, i.e. 90L of water, is discharged from the hand pump 100, and during a given pumping event of 100 strokes of the handle 140, only first 10 strokes are utilized for priming the hand pump 100 and for next 90 strokes, the actual volume of water discharged is less than 90 L, by the threshold volume, for example 50L, then the controller 330 will determine the discharge condition of the hand pump 100 as the reduced discharge condition for the given pumping event. The priming of the hand pump 100 may be contemplated as an action to remove air from the riser pipe 122 or the cylindrical pipe 104, and to suck-in water, from the bore hole 102, in the riser pipe 122 or the cylindrical pipe 104 of the hand pump 100. Causes of loss of the priming may include a leak anywhere in the water system of the hand pump 100 down to an end of the hand pump 100 near the first valve 150 that lets water out or air into the riser pipe 122 causing loss of priming and thus loss of water pressure.
The third discharge condition may correspond to a condition when there is a delayed discharge of water from the hand pump 100 upon the pivoting motion of the handle 140. The controller 330 may determine the delayed discharge condition if the controller 330 determines an increase in the number of strokes of the handle 140 for priming the hand pump 100, by a threshold value, when compared to the number of strokes of the handle 140 to discharge water under the fault-free state of the hand pump 100. Like, in an exemplary scenario, if under the fault-free state of the hand pump 100, out of 100 strokes of the handle 140, only first 10 strokes are utilized for priming the hand pump 100, and during a given pumping event of 100 strokes of the handle 140, a count of strokes more than 10 strokes, by the threshold value, for example 30 strokes are utilized for priming the hand pump 100, then the controller 330 will determine the discharge condition of the hand pump 100 as the delayed discharge condition for the given pumping event. It may be contemplated that the third discharge condition may further include a condition where the actual volume of water discharged is less than the estimated volume of water dischargeable, by the threshold volume, for the given one or more parameters of the third discharge condition.
The one or more discharge conditions associated with the fault conditions of the hand pump 100 may be described with reference to the fault-free state of the hand pump 100. For example, assuming that under the fault-free state of the hand pump 100, first 10 strokes of the handle 140 are utilized in the priming of the hand pump 100 and subsequently for each of the strokes of the handle 140, 1 L/stroke (litre per stroke) of water is discharged from the hand pump 100, then for a given pumping event, the controller 330 will determine the discharge condition of the hand pump 100 as the reduced discharge condition, when on applying 100 strokes of the handle 140, initial 10 strokes are consumed in the priming of the hand pump 100 and for next 90 strokes, an actual volume of water less than 90 L, by the threshold volume, is discharged from the hand pump 100. In essence, the actual volume of water discharged is less than the estimated volume of water dischargeable, by the threshold volume, based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100.
Alternatively, for the above described parameters of the fault-free state of the hand pump 100, the controller 330 will determine the discharge condition as the delayed discharge condition, when on applying 100 strokes of the handle 140, initial 30 strokes are consumed in the priming of the hand pump 100 and for next 70 strokes, an actual volume of water is discharged from the hand pump 100. In an embodiment, if the actual volume of water discharged is 70 L, i.e. the estimated volume of water dischargeable based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100, then the discharge condition is only delayed discharge condition. In alternate embodiment, if the actual volume of water discharged is less than 70 L, by the threshold volume, i.e. the estimated volume of water dischargeable based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100, then the discharge condition is the combination of the delayed discharge condition and the reduced discharged condition.
In an embodiment, when the controller 330 determines the discharge state of the hand pump 100 as the reduced discharge of water from the hand pump 100, then the controller 330 may determine the fault condition as a failure of the second valve 134 and the first valve 150 of the hand pump 100.
In an embodiment, when the controller 330 determines the discharge state of the hand pump 100 as only the delayed discharge of water from the hand pump 100, then the controller 330 may determine the fault condition as a failure of the first valve 150 of the hand pump 100. In other embodiments, when the controller 330 determines the discharge state of the hand pump 100 as the combination of the delayed discharge and the reduced discharge of water, then the controller 330 may determine the fault condition as a failure of the second valve 134 and the first valve 150 of the hand pump 100.
In some implementation, when the controller 330 determines the discharge state of the hand pump 100 as the absence of discharge of water from the hand pump 100 and determines a position of the handle 140 below the lowermost position of the handle 140, then the controller 330 may determine the fault condition as a disconnection of the handle 140 from the pump rod 124.
In an embodiment, the monitoring system 300 may include a position sensor 350 in communication with the controller 330 and/or a central server 340 located remotely from the monitoring system 300. The position sensor 350 may be configured to determine a location of the controller 330 and/or the hand pump 100 and generate position signals corresponding to the location of the controller 330 and/or the hand pump 100. The position sensor 350 may then transmit the position signals to the central server 340 regarding the location of the controller 330. In various embodiments, the position sensor 350 may be any of the Global Positioning System (GPS), General Packet Radio service (GPRS), or any other position sensor commonly known in the art.
The controller 330 of the monitoring system300 may further be in communication with the central server 340. The central server 340 may include a memory 342 such as formed by a hard disk drive, flash drives, etc., that stores the data. The memory 342 may also store data processed by the controller 330. The memory 342 may include a computer-readable storage medium resident on a computer system such as a computing server. The computer readable storage medium may help store the data in a machine-readable format so as to be accessible by one or more machines and systems. Although a single hand pump 100 has been discussed, it is possible that the central server 340 be linked with multiple hand pumps, and thus multiple hand pumps may be monitored according to the aspects of the present disclosure. The central server 340 may therefore be configured to receive position signals from the controller 330 of each of such multiple hand pumps. To this end, the central server 340 may include a unique identifier that enables identification of the specific hand pump(s), or the monitoring system associated the hand pump(s) from which the data is received. Accordingly, an inventory of the components of the hand pump may be monitored at the central server 340.
The central server 340 may further include an alarm (not shown). The alarm may be in communication with the controller 330 of the monitoring system300. The alarm may be configured to receive information from the controller 330 regarding the fault condition of the hand pump 100, and subsequently generate a notification indicating the fault condition of the hand pump 100. The alarm may be a display device, a siren or any other similar device commonly known in the art.
Industrial Applicability
During operation of the hand pump 100, a fault state may be sustained by the hand pump 100. The fault state of the hand pump 100 includes one or more fault conditions which may be explained as:
Referring to FIG. 6, a method 600 for monitoring the hand pump 100, and identifying one or more of the aforementioned fault conditions, is described. The method 600 may be discussed in conjunction with the FIGS. 1 – 5.
The method 600, at step 602, may include detecting, by the first sensing unit 310, the actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump 100 during the pumping event. The first sensing unit 310 may data corresponding to the actual volume of water discharged to the controller 330 of the monitoring system 300.
At Step 604, the method 600 includes determining, by the second sensing unit 320, the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100 during the pumping event. The second sensing unit 320 may then generate data corresponding to the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100 and may transmit the data to the controller 330 of the monitoring system 300.
Then, the method 600, at step 606, includes estimating, by the controller 330, a volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100, during the pumping event, based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump 100.
The method 600 may then include comparing, by the controller 330, the actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump 100 with the estimated volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump 100. Based on the comparison, the method 600 may include determining, by the controller 330, the fault condition of the hand pump 100, as indicated in Step 608.
According to various aspects of the present disclosure, the monitoring system 300 provides a system and a method to determine the health condition of the multiple hand distributed over regions. Thus, the monitoring system 300 facilitates a timely repair of the defective hand pump.

List of References
100 hand pump
102 borehole
104 cylindrical pipe
106 opening
108 end cap
110 flanges
112 flanges
114 nuts
116 pivoting axis
118 nozzle
120 plunger
122 riser pipe
124 pump rod
126 pump platform
128 bottom side
130 top side
132 pump centralizer
134 second valve
135 bobbin valve
136 cup seal
138 O-ring
140 handle
142 chain
144 fulcrum pin
146 bearing
150 first valve
151 foot valve
200 ground
300 monitoring system
310 first sensing unit
312 sensors
320 second sensing unit
322 motion sensor
330 controller
332 memory
334 processor
340 central server
342 memory
350 position sensor
600 method
602 step
604 step
606 step
608 step

Claims:1. A monitoring system for a hand pump, the hand pump includes a handle and is configured to discharge water in response to a movement of the handle, the monitoring system comprising:
a first sensing unit configured to detect an actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump during a pumping event of the hand pump;
a second sensing unit configured to determine one or more operating parameters of the hand pump during the pumping event; and
a controller communicably coupled to the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit, the controller configured to:
estimate a volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump, during the pumping event, based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump; and
determine a fault state of the hand pump when the actual volume of water is less than the estimated volume of water, by a threshold volume.
2. The monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to
determine a discharge condition of the hand pump; and
determine a failure of a first valve and a second valve of the hand pump when the discharge condition corresponds to a reduced discharge condition of the hand pump.
3. The monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to
determine a discharge condition of the hand pump; and
determine a failure of a first valve of the hand pump when the discharge condition corresponds to a delayed discharge condition of the hand pump.
4. The monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to
determine a disconnection of a handle of the hand pump from a pump rod when an absence of discharge of water from the hand pump is detected and a position of the handle is below a lowermost position of the handle.
5. A method of monitoring a hand pump, the hand pump including a handle and configured to discharge water in response to a movement of the handle, the method comprising:
detecting, by a first sensing unit, an actual volume of water discharged from the hand pump during a pumping event of the hand pump;
determining, by a second sensing unit, one or more operating parameters of the hand pump during the pumping event;
estimating, by a controller, a volume of water to be discharged from the hand pump, during the pumping event, based on the one or more operating parameters of the hand pump; and
determining, by the controller, a fault state of the hand pump when the actual volume of water is less than the estimated volume of water, by a threshold volume.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to
determine a discharge condition of the hand pump; and
determine a failure of a first valve and a second valve of the hand pump when the discharge condition corresponds to a reduced discharge condition of the hand pump.
7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to
determine a discharge condition of the hand pump; and
determine a failure of a first valve of the hand pump when the discharge condition corresponds to a delayed discharge condition of the hand pump.
8. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to
determine a disconnection of a handle of the hand pump from a pump rod when an absence of discharge of water from the hand pump is detected and a position of the handle is below a lowermost position of the handle.