Magnet device comprising stators and translators
This invention relates to a magnet device comprising at least one stator and one translator, wherein the stator
and the translator respectively comprise at least one magnet with pole ends and a line of action of the magnet,
and the translator can be move linearly along a movement axis and/or rotatively 5 about a movement axis in a
movement direction.
On the basis of the established teaching, in the magnet device according to the invention, a relative movement
between the stator and the translator can create a force condition, which force condition can be transferred via
10 the translator to additional elements not mentioned within the scope of the disclosure of the invention. The
force condition can bring about a linear or rotative relative movement between the unmovably mounted stator
and the movably mounted translator, so that the translator can drive additional elements.
The magnet device according to the invention can be used as drive or as generator.
15
A magnetic drive according to the prior art comprises at least one stator and one translator, wherein the interaction
of the magnets is determined by the magnetic flux between the surfaces of the magnets adjacent and allocated to
one another. WO2013034339 teaches that an interaction between the magnets also takes place across all surfaces.
20 Building on the knowledge from WO2013034339, the person skilled in the art sets himself the task of bundling the
magnetic fluxes that do not occur between the surfaces adjacent and allocated to one another, in order to
increase the efficiency of the magnet device in this way.
According to the invention, this is achieved in that a stator line of action of the stator or a stator extension line of
25 the stator line of action, which stator extension line extends as a geometric ray from the pole end of the stator and
away from the stator as geometric tangent to the stator line of action, and a translator line of action of the
translator or a translator extension line of the translator line of action, which translator extension line extends as a
geometric ray from the pole end of the translator and away from the translator as geometric tangent to the
translator line of action, respectively have intersection points, and the stator line of action, possibly the stator
30 extension line, the translator line of action, and possibly the translator extension line form a closed geometric
shape so that the magnetic flux between the stator and the translator is bundled, wherein lines of action and
extension lines extend through the magnet device in an intersecting plane comprising the movement axis.
The closed geometric shape can be created by a stator line of action, possibly by a stator extension line, a
35 translator line of action, and possibly a translator extension line when the stator and translator are connected
to one another at a point by a joint in a manner so as to move with one another.
In practice, the closed geometric shape is formed by stator lines of action, possibly by stator extension lines,
translator lines of action, and possibly translator extension lines.
40
2
The solution above includes the possibility of the closed geometric shape being formed by the stator extension
line, for example. Consideration is thereby given to the case that the stator line of action and the translator
extension line have an intersection point, such that the closed geometric shape is formed only by the stator line
of action, the translation extension line, and the translator line of action.
5
Analogously thereto, the translator extension line cannot be part of the closed geometric shape.
According to the established teaching, a line of action of a magnet extends between the pole ends in this
magnet.
10
The intersecting plane comprising the movement axis extends through the magnet device.
The magnet device according to the invention can extend in a plane. A magnet device extending in a plane can,
for example, be a two‐dimensional magnet device. The intersecting plane through the magnet device extends in
15 this first case in the plane of the magnet device according to the invention.
The magnet device according to the invention can also be a three‐dimensional body. The intersecting plane in
this second case intersects the magnet device in the movement axis and has an arbitrary orientation with
respect to the movement axis. The movement axis can form an axis of symmetry of the magnet device.
20
A magnet can have a polygonal shape, at the end of which the poles of the magnet are formed. The line of
action extends between the poles, wherein the direction of the line of action at the pole is defined by the
tangent. The geometric extension line is defined within the scope of this invention as a ray parallel to the
tangent, which ray extends away from the magnet.
25
In the magnet device according to the invention, the lines of action are formed such that the lines of action and
the extension lines form a closed shape.
In the case of a magnet device with a linearly or rotatively movable translator, the sum of the torques, which
30 are formed by the interaction forces F and the distance of these forces from the movement axis, can be zero.
The translator can have a linear or polygonal movement axis. The sum of the torques, which are formed by the
interaction forces F and the distance of these forces from the movement axis, can be zero.
35 The disclosure of the invention above does not exclude, specific to the application, the possibility of the sum of the
torques not being equal to zero.
In addition to the measures described above for bundling the magnetic flux, the magnet device according to the
invention can comprise magnet shielding elements, which are arranged adjacently to the gap resulting between
40 the magnets.
3
Magnet shielding elements are known from the prior art. Magnet shielding elements can, for example, be made
of a ferromagnetic material.
The movement axis can be the axis of symmetry of the magnet device, for portions 5 of the magnet device. In a twodimensional
magnet device, the movement axis can be the axis of symmetry; in a three‐dimensional magnet
device, it can be the axis of rotation.
Figure 1 shows a possible first embodiment of a two‐dimensional magnet device according to the invention,
10 comprising one stator and one translator.
Figure 2 shows a possible second embodiment of a two‐dimensional magnet device according to the invention,
which magnet device comprises one stator and two translators.
15 Figure 3 shows a possible third embodiment of a two‐dimensional magnet device according to the invention,
which magnet device comprises two translators and one stator.
Figure 4 and figure 5 show a possible embodiment of a three‐dimensional magnet device according to the
invention, which magnet device comprises two translators and one stator.
20
Figure 6 and figure 7 show another possible embodiment of a three‐dimensional magnet device according to
the invention.
Figure 8 and figure 9 show FEM simulations for figure 6.
25
In the figures, the following reference symbols denote the following elements:
r Stator/translator distance
F Interaction force
30 +/‐ Polarity
1 Stator
2 Translator
3 Movement axis
4 Movement direction
35 15 Stator line of action
25 Translator line of action
16 Geometric stator extension line
26 Geometric translator extension line
7 Magnet shielding element
40 8 Gap
4
9 Magnets
10 Intersection point
11 Winding
12 Intersecting plane
5 13 Centers
17 Inner stator pole end
18 Outer stator pole end
19 Inner translator pole end
20 Outer translator pole end
10
The figures are exclusively used to clarify the invention disclosed here. The figures are in no case to be
interpreted as restricting the object of the invention.
Figure 1 shows a possible first embodiment of a magnet device according to the invention. The magnet device
15 comprises a flatly designed stator 1 and a flatly designed translator 2, wherein the stator 1 and the translator 2
respectively comprise a magnet 9 with pole ends and a line of action of the magnet. Figure 1 thus shows a twodimensional
magnet device, wherein the intersecting plane 12 lies in the viewing plane of figure 1.
No movement of the translator 2 toward the stator 1 is marked in figure 1, since the movement of the
20 translator 2 toward the stator 1 does not have any influence on the object of the invention, viz., the design of
bundled magnetic fluxes between the magnets 9. The movement of the translator 2 can take place linearly in
parallel to the movement axis and/or rotatively about the movement axis 3.
The polarity +/‐ of the magnets 9 is marked in figure 1, which polarity is to be selected according to the
25 established teaching, so that a movement of the translator 2 relative to the stator 1 can be brought about by
the interaction forces F. In order to be able to execute a movement of the translator 1 in the movement
direction 4 marked in figure 1 and in a movement direction opposite thereto (not shown in figure 1), the person
skilled in the art designs the magnets 9 as electromagnets. The polarity of electromagnets can be switched.
30 The magnets 9 have a polygonal segment shape in the embodiment shown in figure 1. The magnets 9
substantially have the shape of arc segments. The centers 13 of the arc segments are arranged adjacently to one
another. The centers 13 of the arc segments are on the movement axis 3, which movement axis 3 also forms the
axis of symmetry of the magnet device.
35 With reference to the established teaching, the line of action of the magnets 9 have the shape of an arc segment. The
stator line of action 15 and the translator line of action 25 thus have the shape of an arc segment. In figure 1, the arc
segment shape of the magnets 9 and the circular segment shape of the lines of action are shown by congruent lines.
The geometric extension lines are geometric rays, which extend from the pole end of the magnet 9 as extension
40 lines of the magnetic lines of action. The stator extension lines 16 of the stator lines of action 15 are geometric
5
rays, which extend away from the pole end of the stator 1 as geometric tangents toward the stator line of
action 15. The translator extension lines 26 of the translator lines of action 25 are also geometric rays, which
extend from the pole ends of the translator 2 as geometric tangents to the stator line of action 15.
The geometric stator extensions 16 and translator extensions 26 intersect 5 at an intersection line comprising
intersection points 10. In the embodiment shown in figure 1, the geometric stator extensions 16 and translator
extensions 26 are parallel and congruent, which is why the embodiment shown in figure 1 has one intersection
line comprising one intersection point 10.
10 In accordance with the teaching of geometry, the geometric stator extension 16 is oriented in the same manner as
the stator line of action 15 in the end region of the magnet. The same is to be noted for the translator line of
action 25 and the translator extension line 26.
The lines of action 15, 25 and the geometric extensions 16, 26 form a closed geometric shape independently of the
15 distance r of the translator to the stator. The magnetic flux between the magnets 9 of the stator 1 and the
magnets 9 of the translator 2 are thus bundled.
The sum of the torques, which are formed by the interaction forces F and the distance of these forces from the
movement axis 3, is zero. The movement axis 3 is not subject to a torsional load as a result of the interaction
20 forces F, the lines of action of which are spaced apart from the movement axis 3.
In order to increase the effect of the bundling of the magnetic current between the magnets 9, magnet
shielding elements 7 are arranged adjacently to the gap 8 resulting between the magnets.
25 Figure 2 shows a possible second embodiment of a two‐dimensional magnet device according to the invention.
The magnet device comprises a stator 1 and two translators 2. The translators 2 can be moved along the
movement axis 3 in the movement direction 4. The intersecting plane 12 comprising the movement axis 3 thus
extends in the viewing plane of figure 2. The intersecting plane 12 thus extends through the magnet device.
30 Building on the principle shown in figure 2, the person skilled in the art can derive a magnet device with n
stators 1 and n+1 translators 2, but also n translators 1 and n+1 stators 2.
The lines of action 15, 25 and the geometric extension lines 16, 26 oriented in the same direction thereto form a
closed geometric shape. The extension lines 16, 26 intersect one another at an intersection line comprising an
35 intersection point 10; in the embodiment shown in figure 2, the extension lines 16, 26 intersecting one another
are, again, congruent and parallel.
The magnets 9 of the stator 1 are designed as flat rectangles. The magnets 9 of the stator are electromagnets. Figure
2 shows a schematic representation of the winding 11. The stator line of action 15 extends linearly in the region of
6
the stator 1, in accordance with the established teaching. The stator extension lines 16 again extend away from the
pole ends of the stator 1 as geometric rays, which also form a tangent to the stator line of action 15.
The magnets 9 of the translators 2 are designed as flat arc segments, wherein the centers 13 of the arc segments
are arranged adjacently to the stators, so that the arc segments form surfaces concave to 5 one another. The centers
13 are located on the movement axis 3. The magnets 9 of the translators 2 are designed as permanent magnets.
The translator lines of action 25 are marked as arcs in figure 2, in accordance with the established teaching. The
translator extension lines 26 extend as geometric rays, which form a tangent to the respective translator line of
10 action 25 at a pole end of the translator 2.
The stator extension lines 16 and the translator extension lines 26 are arranged congruently and in parallel in
the gap 8 between the stator 1 and the translator 2.
15 As a result of this arrangement, the magnetic fluxes between the magnets 9 of the stator 1 and the translators 2
are bundled.
In order to increase the bundling, shielding elements 7 are arranged adjacently to the gap 8.
20 A shifting of the magnets 9 of the stators outward, so that the adjacent lines of action 15, 25 and/or the
extensions 16, 26 do not have any intersection point 10, would constitute a worse embodiment of the magnet
device according to the invention.
Figure 3 shows a possible third embodiment of a two‐dimensional magnet device according to the invention,
25 which magnet device is similar to the embodiment shown in figure 2. The magnet device again comprises a
stator 1 and two translators 2. The stator 1 and the translators 2 are designed to be flat, which is why the
embodiment shown in figure 3 is a two‐dimensional magnet device. The intersecting plane 12, extending
through the magnet device and also comprising the movement axis 3, extends in the image plane of figure 3.
30 In contrast to the second embodiment, the translators 2 have a polygonal shape in this case. The effect of the
third embodiment is less than that of the second embodiment, since the interaction forces F in the third
embodiment are at an angle to the movement direction 4.
The stator 1 is designed as a rectangular magnet 9. In accordance with the established teaching, the stator line
35 of action 15 and the stator extension line 16 run in parallel.
The translator line of action 25 is marked in figure 3 as congruent to the translator 2. The translator extension
line 26 is oriented in parallel to the translator line of action 25 as a result of the linear shape of the translator
line of action 25 at the pole end of the translator 2.
40
7
The extensions 16, 26 intersect one another at the intersection point 10, so that the extensions 16, 26 and the lines of
action 15, 25 result in a closed shape. The extensions 16, 26 intersecting at the intersection point 10 are at an acute
angle 14 to one another, which acute angle 14 is marked once, by way of example, in figure 3 for the sake of clarity. This
closed shape again brings about the bundling of the magnetic fluxes. The translators 5 2 are designed as permanent
magnets. The stators 1 are designed as electromagnets, wherein the winding is shown schematically in figure 3.
Figure 4 shows a plan view of a three‐dimensional magnet device; figure 5 shows the associated sectional view.
10 The magnet device comprises a stator 1 and two translators 2 arranged laterally to the stator 1. As shown
clearly in figure 5, the stator 1 comprises two bodies of rotation in the shape of hollow cylinders with different
diameters, the axis of rotation of which coincides with the movement axis 3. The translators 2 are designed as a
torus, the axis of rotation of which also coincides with the movement axis 3. The translators are mounted so as
to be movable along the movement axis 3 in the movement direction 4.
15
The translators 2 are designed as permanent magnets; the stator 1 is designed as an electromagnet. The winding of
the stator 1 designed as an electromagnet is marked schematically in figure 4; for the sake of clarity, this winding 11 is
not marked in figure 5. The winding 11 extends substantially between the bodies of rotation of the stator 1. With
reference to the established teaching, a movement of the translators 2 relative to the stator 1 can be brought about
20 by switching the stator 1. The polarity of the magnets 9 is not marked in figure 4, for the sake of clarity; the person
skilled in the art selects the polarity in accordance with the established teaching or on the basis of figures 1 to 3.
The lines of action 15, 25 and the extension lines 16, 26 of the magnets 9 designed as stator 1 and as translator 2, which
lines of action 15, 25 extend through the magnet device in an intersecting plane 11 comprising the movement axis 3,
25 form a closed geometric shape. The intersection points (reference symbol 10) are not marked in figure 4, for the sake of
clarity. The magnetic flux between the magnets is bundled by this arrangement and design of the magnets.
The forces F generated by the magnets 9 bring about a movement of the translators 2 along the movement axis 3. The
sum of the torques generated by the forces F and the distance of the respective force F to the movement axis is zero.
30
Figure 5 shows an intersecting plane 12, which is also marked in figure 4. The magnet device according to the invention is
characterized in that additional intersecting planes 11' can be formed by the three‐dimensional magnet device, wherein
the lines of action 15, 25 and their extension lines 6 form a closed shape in any intersecting plane 11, 11'.
35 The outer diameter a and the inner diameter b of the magnets 9 are marked in figure 4 and figure 5.
Similarly to figure 4, figure 6 shows a sectional view through a three‐dimensional embodiment of the magnet
device according to the invention. The magnet device comprising a stator 1 and a translator 2 arranged laterally
to the stator 1 is shown in figure 7. The stator 1 has the shape of a cylinder; the translators 2 have the shape of
40 a toroid. The respective axis of symmetry of the cylinder and the toroids are congruent with the movement axis.
8
The stator 1 is designed as an electromagnet, and the translator 2 is designed as a permanent magnet.
In the sectional view of figure 6, the translators 2 have a crescentic shape. The stator 1 is arranged between the
laterally arranged translators 2 and is moved along the 5 movement axis 3 in the movement direction 4.
The translator line of action 25 extends in an arc shape in the translator 2 crescentic in the sectional view, and
thus similarly to the crescentic shape of the translator 2, in accordance with the established teaching, from a
center of the pole end of the crescentic translator 2 to the center of the other pole end of the crescentic
10 translator 2. The stator line of action 15 also extends, in accordance with the established teaching, from a
center of the pole end of the stator 1 to the other pole end of the stator 1. Since the stator 1 extends linearly in
the sectional view, the stator line of action 15 also extends linearly. The stator extension line 16 and the
translator extension line 26 extend congruently, so that these extension lines intersect one another.
15 The surface of the inner stator pole ends 17 and the surface of the outer stator pole ends 18 are of equal size. To
that end, due to their smaller diameter, the inner stator pole ends 17 have a greater width than the outer stator
pole ends 18. Analogously thereto, the surface of the inner translator pole ends 19 and the surface of the outer
translator pole ends 20 are of equal size. Due to the larger diameter of the outer translator pole ends 19, the width
of the outer translator pole ends 20 is less than the width of the inner translator pole ends. These proportions of
20 the surfaces and the widths have the effect that a moment of force about the movement axis 3 is prevented.
Figure 8 and figure 9 show an FEM simulation of the magnet device shown in figure 6 and figure 7. The closing
magnetic field lines can be seen clearly.

CLAIMS
1. Magnet device comprising at least one stator (1) and one translator (2), wherein the stator (1) and the
translator (2) respectively comprise at least one magnet with pole ends and a line of action of the magnet, and
the translator (2) can be moved linearly along a movement axis 5 (3) and/or rotatively about a
movement axis in a movement direction (4),
characterized in that
a stator line of action (15) of the stator (1) or a stator extension line (16) of the stator line of action (15), which
stator extension line (16) extends as a geometric ray away from the pole end of the stator (1) as geometric tangent
10 to the stator line of action (5) , and a translator line of action (25) of the translator (2) or a translator extension line
(26) of the translator line of action (25), which translator extension line (26) extends as a geometric ray away from
the pole end of the translator (2) as geometric tangent to the translator line of action (25),
respectively have intersection points (10), and
the stator line of action (15), possibly the stator extension line (16), the
15 translator line of action (25), and possibly the translator extension line (26) thus form a closed geometric shape
so that the magnetic flux between the stator (1) and the translator (2) is bundled,
wherein lines of action (5) and extension lines (6) extend through the magnet device in an intersecting plane
(11) comprising the movement axis (3).
20 2. Magnet device according to claim 1, characterized in that
the stator line of action (15) or the stator extension line (16), and the translator line of action (25) or the
translator extension line (26), are at an acute angle to one another at the intersection point (10).
3. Magnet device according to claim 1, characterized in that
25 the stator line of action (15) or the stator extension line (16), and the translator line of action (25) or the
translator extension line (26), are arranged congruently.
4. Magnet device according to one of claims 1 through 3, characterized in that
the sum of the torques, which are formed by the interaction forces F and the distance of these forces from the
30 movement axis (3), is zero.
5. Magnet device according to one of claims 1 through 4, characterized in that
magnet shielding elements (7) are arranged adjacently to the gap (8) resulting between the magnets.
35 6. Magnet device according to one of claims 1 through 5, characterized in that
the movement axis (3) is an axis of symmetry of the magnet device.