CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of and priority to U. S. Provisional Patent
Application No. 62/721,332, filed August 22, 2018, the entire disclosure of which is hereby
incorporated by reference herein.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The present application relates generally to the field of showers. More
specifically, the present application relates to a showerhead.
[0003] Generally speaking, a showerhead can dispense water from above a user-occupied
space within a shower. The showerhead can be connected to a water source via a household
water supply line extending from a side wall or an upper wall of a fixed structure, such as a
building or a shower enclosure. The showerhead can produce a spray of water to facilitate
cleaning operations and/or to enhance user comfort by more fully covering the user in water.
Conventional showerheads typically include internal components/mechanisms and nozzles
that produce a water spray of varying patterns and intensities. The nozzles can also restrict
the flow of water to minimize water consumption during a shower event.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] One exemplary embodiment relates to a showerhead. The showerhead includes a
flow device and a flow distribution member. The flow device is configured to produce a
substantially laminar fluid stream. The flow distribution member is coupled to the flow
device and is spaced apart from the flow device. The flow distribution member is configured
to receive the substantially laminar fluid stream from the flow device and to produce a
distributed fluid flow.
[0005] Another exemplary embodiment relates to a showerhead. The showerhead
includes a showerhead connector, a support member, a flow device, and a flow distribution
member. The flow device is coupled to the showerhead connector and is configured to
produce a substantially laminar fluid stream. A first end of the support member is coupled to
at least one of the showerhead connector, the support member, or the flow device. The flow
distribution member is coupled to a second end of the support member and is configured to
produce a distributed fluid flow.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0006] The disclosure will become more fully understood from the following detailed
description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures, wherein like reference
numerals refer to like elements, in which:
[0007] FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a showerhead in operation in a shower,
according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0008] FIG. 2 is a top perspective view of the showerhead of FIG. 1, according to an
exemplary embodiment.
[0009] FIG. 3 is a bottom perspective view of the showerhead of FIG. 2.
[0010] FIG. 4 is a front view of the showerhead of FIG. 2.
[0011] FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the showerhead of FIG. 2.
[0012] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the showerhead of FIG. 2.
[0013] FIG. 7 is a front view of a showerhead in operation in a shower, according to
another exemplary embodiment.
[0014] FIG. 8 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another exemplary
embodiment.
[0015] FIG. 9 is a bottom perspective view of the showerhead of FIG. 8.
[0016] FIG. 10 is a front view of the showerhead of FIG. 8.
[0017] FIG. 11 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0018] FIG. 12 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0019] FIG. 13 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0020] FIG. 14 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0021] FIG. 15 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0022] FIG. 16 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0023] FIG. 17 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0024] FIG. 18 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0025] FIG. 19 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0026] FIG. 20 is a side cross-sectional view of the showerhead of FIG. 19.
[0027] FIG. 21 is an exploded view of the showerhead of FIG. 19.
[0028] FIG. 22 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0029] FIG. 23 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0030] FIG. 24 is a bottom perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0031] FIG. 25 is a bottom perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0032] FIG. 26 is a top perspective view of a showerhead, according to another
exemplary embodiment.
[0033] FIG. 27 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a showerhead, according to
another exemplary embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] Referring generally to the FIGURES, disclosed herein are various exemplary
embodiments of a showerhead (e.g., water delivery device, flow distribution assembly, etc.).
The showerhead is configured to be coupled to a water source through a water supply conduit
within the shower. The showerhead is configured to produce two different flow arrangements
(e.g., flow patterns, flow characteristics, flow structures, etc.), both of which are visible to a
user or occupant of the shower. A first flow arrangement is a substantially laminar flow
arrangement, while a second flow arrangement is a rainfall or waterfall flow arrangement that
is distributed to a user. Among other benefits, the flow arrangements disclosed herein
provide for a more relaxing shower experience and a more pleasing aesthetic to a user or
occupant of the shower, as compared to conventional spray heads. In addition, the disclosed
showerheads have a more efficient structural design that helps limit water flow restrictions
and the accumulation of bacteria.
[0035] According to an exemplary embodiment, the showerhead includes a showerhead
connector, a flow device, a support member, and a flow distribution member. In some
embodiments, the showerhead is configured as a retrofit showerhead assembly including a
showerhead connector configured to fluidly couple the showerhead to a water source, such as
through a household water supply conduit. The showerhead connector may include a
pivoting member to allow a user to reposition the showerhead to modify flow characteristics
or to provide an improved aesthetic appearance.
[0036] The flow device is configured to produce a substantially laminar fluid stream over
a first coverage area above the flow distribution member. The flow distribution member is
configured to produce, from the substantially laminar fluid stream, a distributed fluid flow
over a second coverage area. The second coverage area may be larger than the first coverage
area to more fully cover a user with water. The distributed fluid flow may be provided in a
waterfall or a rainfall flow configuration, pattern, or arrangement for an enhanced user
experience. Advantageously, the distribution member is open to the atmosphere, which
allows water to drain quickly and completely after each use, thereby limiting flow restrictions
and the accumulation of bacteria. Furthermore, because the showerhead relies on gravity to
produce the distributed fluid flow, the showerhead may be used across a wide range of flow
rates.
[0037] The flow distribution member is coupled by the support member to at least one of
(one, or a combination of) the water source (e.g., the water supply conduit), the showerhead
connector, or the flow device. The support member may be a hollow vertical post configured
to receive a fastener and thereby conceal the fastener from a user's view. The fastener may
be used to fixedly couple the support member to the flow distribution member. A first end of
the support member may be rotatably coupled to the water source, the flow device, and/or the
showerhead connector to allow a user to reposition the support member relative to the
substantially laminar fluid stream.
[0038] The flow distribution member may be a substantially planar surface or plate that
faces the flow device. Water received on an upper surface of the plate is distributed radially
outward toward an outer perimeter of the plate. The plate may include a lip disposed on the
outer perimeter of the plate. The lip may be configured to distribute water in a waterfall
pattern. A user positioned below the plate may be at least partially shielded from water by the
plate, allowing the user to immerse their body with water while keeping their head dry.
Alternatively, the plate may include a plurality of holes or perforations to distribute water
from the plate in a rainfall pattern. These and other advantageous features will become
apparent to those reviewing the present disclosure and figures.
[0039] Referring to FIGS. 1-4, a showerhead 100 is shown according to an exemplary
embodiment. The showerhead 100 includes a showerhead connector 200 fluidly coupled to a
water source within a shower enclosure 5. In particular, the showerhead connector 200 is
removably coupled to a water supply conduit. In some embodiments, the water supply
conduit is configured as a water pipe extending from an upper wall of the shower
enclosure 5. In other embodiments, the water supply conduit is a pipe, tube, or other water
delivery mechanism extending from a side wall of the shower enclosure 5. In the exemplary
embodiment of FIG. 1, the water supply conduit is a pipe 10 disposed centrally within the
upper wall of the shower enclosure 5 and extending vertically downward from the upper
wall.
[0040] As shown in FIG. 5, the showerhead 100 includes a flow device 300, a support
member (shown as support post 400), and a flow distribution member (shown as distribution
plate 500). The flow device 300 is pivotably coupled to the showerhead connector 200 such
that the flow device 300 may pivot at a connection point between the flow device 300 and the
showerhead connector 200 (see FIG. 4). In the embodiment of FIGS. 1-4, the flow
device 300 extends vertically downward from the connector 200.
[0041] The flow device 300 is configured to produce a stream of fluid having a
substantially laminar flow, shown as fluid stream 20 (see FIG. 1). As shown in FIG. 2, the
fluid stream 20 is produced over a first coverage area 24. The fluid stream 20, extending
between the flow device 300 and the distribution plate 500, is visible to a user or occupant of
the shower (see FIG. 1).
[0042] The support post 400 is disposed between the flow device 300 and the distribution
plate 500 and is configured to carry the full weight of the distribution plate 500. As shown in
FIG. 5, a first end 402 of the support post 400 is rotatably coupled to the flow device 300 via
an extension piece 404. The extension piece 404 extends radially outward from a primary
axis 406 of the support post 400 such that the support post 400 is clear of the fluid stream 20
(i.e., the support post 400 does not disrupt the fluid stream 20 at any position along the fluid
stream 20). As shown in FIG. 1, the support post 400 is oriented in a direction that is
substantially parallel to the fluid stream 20.
[0043] As shown in FIG. 5, a second end 408 of the support post 400 is coupled to the
distribution plate 500 proximate to a central axis 506 of the distribution plate 500. The
distribution plate 500 is configured to produce a flow of water characterized by a second
flow arrangement, shown as distributed fluid flow 30 (see FIGS. 1-2). The distribution
plate 500 includes a base, shown as wall 502, configured to receive the fluid stream 20
produced by the flow device 300. As shown in FIG. 1, the wall 502 is oriented normal to a
primary axis 22 of the fluid stream 20. The wall 502 is configured to receive the fluid
stream 20 on an upper surface 504 of the wall 502.
[0044] The fluid stream 20 contacts the wall 502 at a central position along an upper
surface 504 proximate to a central axis 506 of the distribution plate 500 (see also FIG. 5).
Water received by the upper surface 504 is distributed by gravity radially along the upper
surface 504 toward an outer perimeter of the wall 502. Water falls from (i.e., separates from)
the outer perimeter of the wall 502 as the distributed fluid flow 30. In the embodiment of
FIG. 1, the distributed fluid flow 30 is configured in a waterfall pattern that surrounds a
second coverage area 31 (see FIG. 2), along an outer perimeter of the second coverage
area 31, with water. In various alternative embodiments, the flow pattern generated by the
distributed fluid flow 30 along with other flow characteristics of the distributed fluid flow 30
may be different.
[0045] Referring again to FIGS. 5-6, the showerhead connector 200 is made from a
single piece of material such as brass, stainless-steel, or another corrosion resistant material.
The showerhead connector 200 includes a first connecting end 202 and a second connecting
end 204. The first connecting end 202 is configured to be coupled to a water source (e.g., a
water supply line, etc.). As shown in FIG. 6, the first connecting end 202 includes a threaded
interface that removably couples the showerhead connector 200 to the water source, although
in alternative embodiments any suitable water-tight connection mechanism may be used.
[0046] The second connecting end 204 of the showerhead connector 200 includes a pivot
member 206. As shown in FIGS. 5-6, the pivot member 206 is configured as a smooth
spherical surface (i.e., ball joint) configured to engage with the flow device 300. The
showerhead connector 200 additionally includes an opening, shown as connector opening
207, extending along a primary axis 208 of the showerhead connector 200. The connector
opening 207 fluidly couples the first connecting end 202 with the second connecting end 204.
In other embodiments, the showerhead connector 200 further includes a flow regulator
disposed within the connector opening 207 and configured to control the flow rate of water
through the connector 200.
[0047] As shown in FIGS. 5-6, the flow device 300 includes a body 302 including an
outer body portion 304 and an inner body portion 306. The outer body portion 304 is a
cylindrical sleeve made from a single piece of material. In an exemplary embodiment, the
outer body portion 304 is a metal sleeve stamped or otherwise formed from brass, stainless
steel, or another corrosion resistant material. The outer body portion 304 is configured to
receive the second connecting end 204 of the showerhead connector 200 and an upper end of
the inner body portion 306. As shown in FIG. 6, the outer body portion 304 fits over the first
connecting end 202 of the showerhead connector 200 and is coupled against the smooth
spherical surface of the pivot member 206 for the showerhead connector 200.
[0048] The flow device 300 is pivotably coupled to the second connecting end 204 of the
showerhead connector 200. The flow device 300 includes an upper bearing 308 and a lower
bearing 310 disposed in an inner cavity of the outer body portion 304. The upper bearing 308
and the lower bearing 310 are each formed from a single piece of material (e.g., plastic or
another suitable polymer) and are slidably coupled to the pivot member 206. As shown in
FIG. 6, the pivot member 206 is sandwiched between the upper bearing 308 and the lower
bearing 310. The lower bearing 310 is secured in position by the inner body portion 306.
Similar to the outer body portion 304, the inner body portion 306 is a cylindrical sleeve made
from a single piece of material. In an exemplary embodiment, the inner body portion 306 is a
metal sleeve stamped or otherwise formed from brass, stainless steel, or another corrosion
resistant material. The inner body portion 306 engages with the outer body portion 304 and is
secured in position relative to the outer body portion 304. In the embodiment of FIGS. 5-6,
the inner body portion 306 includes a threaded interface that engages with the outer body
portion 304 along an inner surface of the outer body portion 304. An interface surface 312 of
the inner body portion 306 presses against the lower bearing 310.
[0049] The force applied to the lower bearing 310 by the inner body portion 306 results
in a contact pressure between the bearings 308, 310 and the pivot member 206. The contact
pressure may be adjusted by rotating the inner body portion 306 relative to the outer body
portion 304. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 6, the contact pressure between the
bearings 308, 310 and the pivot member 206 is adjusted to allow the flow device 300 to
freely pivot relative to the showerhead connector 200. Among other benefits, this allows a
user to adjust a discharge angle of the fluid stream 20 (see also FIG. 1) relative to the primary
axis 208 of the showerhead connector 200.
[0050] The flow device 300 includes an aerator 314 configured to produce a fluid stream
characterized by a laminar flow arrangement. The aerator 314 may be one of a variety of
different laminar flow attachments. In some embodiments, the aerator 314 may be an aerator
insert such as a Neoperl® aerator. The aerator 314 may be flow-regulated to meter the flow
rate and to ensure that the flow produced by the aerator 314 is laminar. In some
embodiments, the aerator 314 is removably coupled to the inner body portion 306. The
aerator 314 used in the embodiment of FIGS. 5-6 includes a threaded interface that engages
with the inner body portion 306 along an inner surface of the inner body portion 306. The
threaded configuration facilitates cleaning or replacement of the aerator 314 in the event of
hard water buildup or other particulate obstruction. In alternative embodiments, the aerator
314 is permanently coupled to the inner body portion 306 (e.g., glued to the inner body
portion 306, welded to the inner body portion 306, or integrally formed with the inner body
portion 306 as a single unitary structure). As shown in FIG. 6, the aerator 314 is recessed into
an outer surface of the inner body portion 306, which improves the aesthetic appearance of
the showerhead 100.
[0051] The flow device 300 is configured to produce a substantially laminar flow
arrangement, shown as fluid stream 20 (see also FIG. 1) over a first coverage area 24 (see
FIG. 2), the diameter of which is approximately equal to the diameter of the aerator 314. In
the embodiment of FIGS. 5-6, the aerator 314 is configured to produce a cylindrical stream
of fluid, which is ejected from the aerator 314 and out through an aperture in the inner body
portion 306. In other embodiments, the geometry of the fluid stream 20 (see also FIG. 1) may
be different. In some embodiments, the flow device 300 may include multiple aerators 314 to
improve the distribution of flow on the distribution plate 500 or to improve the aesthetic
appearance of the showerhead 100. The aerators 314 may be arranged side-by-side, staggered
vertically, or configured in another arrangement depending on functional requirements and
user preference.
[0052] Among other assembly components, the showerhead 100 includes a plurality of
sealing members to prevent water from bypassing the aerator 314. As shown in FIGS. 5-6,
the showerhead 100 includes an O-ring positioned in an annular space between the inner
body portion 306 and the outer body portion 304, outboard of the threaded interface for the
inner body portion. The O-ring is disposed within a circumferential groove on an outer radial
surface of the inner body portion 306. Another O-ring is included outboard of the threaded
interface for the aerator 314 (i.e., between the aerator 314 and the inner body portion 306 on
an outer radial surface of the aerator 314). A third O-ring may be included inboard of the
threaded interface for the aerator 314. In other embodiments, more or fewer O-rings and/or
other sealing members may be included.
[0053] The support post 400 for the showerhead 100 is configured to couple one or a
combination of the water source, the showerhead connector 200, and/or the flow device 300
to the distribution plate 500. As shown in FIGS. 5-6, the support post 400 is configured to
couple the flow device 300 to the distribution plate 500. The support post 400 includes a first
end 402 and a second end 408 disposed opposite the first end 402. A distance between the
flow device 300 and the distribution plate 500 is determined by a length of the support post
400 (e.g., a vertical length of the support post, a length of the support post 400 parallel to the
primary axis 406 of the support post 400, etc.). In the embodiment of FIGS. 5-6, the distance
between the flow device 300 and the support post (i.e., a distance between the aerator 314
outlet and an upper surface 504 of the distribution plate 500) is within a range between
approximately 3 in (7.6 cm) and about 4 in (10.2 cm). In other embodiments, the distance
between the flow device 300 and the support post may be different depending on flow rate.
[0054] The support post 400 includes an extension piece 404 disposed on the first end
402 extending radially outward from a primary axis 406 of the support post 400. The
extension piece 404 may be formed separately from the support post 400 or along with the
support post 400 as a single body. The extension piece 404 is rotatably coupled to the flow
device 300 to allow a user to reposition the support post 400 relative to the fluid stream 20.
As shown in FIG. 5, the extension piece 404 is configured as a cylindrical sleeve whose inner
diameter is slightly larger than an outer diameter of the inner body portion 306. Among other
benefits, this connection mechanism allows the support post 400 to rotate a full 360° about
the inner body portion 306 (and the fluid stream 20 as shown in FIG. 1).
[0055] The extension piece 404 fits over the inner body portion 306 and is secured in
position between the outer body portion 304 and a circumferential step extending from an
outer radial surface of the inner body portion 306 (e.g., a step or circumferential protrusion
whose outer diameter is greater than the inner diameter of the extension piece 404). A washer
may be disposed in an axial gap formed between the extension piece 404 and one or a
combination of the inner body portion 306 and outer body portion 304 to reduce friction
between the components. As shown in FIGS. 5-6, the showerhead 100 includes two lowfriction
plastic washers configured to facilitate movement of the support post 400 relative to
the inner body portion 306. A first washer 405 is received within an axial gap formed
between a lower surface of the extension piece 404 and the inner body portion 306, and a
second washer 407 is received within an axial gap formed between an upper surface of the
extension piece 404 and the outer body portion 304.
[0056] As shown in FIGS. 5-6, the showerhead 100 additionally includes two Orings
409 in an annular gap between the extension piece 404 and the outer radial surface of
the inner body portion 306. Each of the O-rings 409 is disposed within a circumferential
groove on the outer radial surface of the inner body portion 306, which retains the Orings
409 during normal operation. Among other benefits, the O-rings 409 help prevent fluid
ingestion into the annular gap between the outer radial surface of the inner body portion and
the extension piece 404, which prevents corrosion and reduces friction.
[0057] The second end 408 of the support post 400 is coupled to the distribution
plate 500. As shown in FIGS. 5-6, the support post 400 is a hollow tube. The geometry of the
support post 400 may vary depending on the flow requirements and user preferences. In the
embodiment of FIGS. 5-6, the support post 400 is shaped as an elongated cylinder. In other
embodiments, the support post 400 may take the shape of a rectangular cuboid or another
shape having identical cross-sections normal to its primary axis 406. In yet other
embodiments, the support post 400 is curved away from the flow device 300.
[0058] As shown in FIGS. 5-6, the second end 408 of the support post 400 is configured
to receive a connecting flange, shown as flange 508, of the distribution plate 500. An inner
diameter of the support post 400 is slightly larger than an outer diameter of the flange 508.
As shown in FIG. 6, the support post 400 includes a circumferential step 410 that extends
inward toward the primary axis 406 from an outer wall 412 of the support post 400. The
circumferential step 410 engages with a fastener 414 (e.g., a bolt, screw, or another suitable
fastener) that couples the support post 400 to the distribution plate 500.
[0059] As shown in FIG. 6, the fastener 414 is received by the support post 400 through
the first end 402 of the support post 400 (i.e., a top of the support post 400). A head of the
bolt engages with a top surface of the circumferential step 410, while a threaded portion of
the fastener 414 engages with a threaded interface in the flange 508. Advantageously, the
fastener 414 used to secure the support post 400 to the distribution plate 500 is not visible to
a user (e.g., is hidden within the hollow portion of the support post 400), which improves the
aesthetic appeal of the showerhead 100. The circumferential step 410 is positioned within the
support post 400 at a sufficient depth to allow the flange 508 to be received completely
within the support post 400 (i.e., to be received within the support post 400 such that the
flange 508 is completely surrounded by the outer wall 412). The showerhead 100
additionally includes a plug, shown as end cap 416, configured to block off an opening in the
first end 402 of the support post 400. As shown in FIG. 6, the end cap 416 includes an O-ring
disposed within a circumferential groove on an outer radial surface of the end cap 416. The
O-ring is configured to seal against the inner surface of the outer wall 412 and thereby
prevent moisture from entering and corroding the support post 400 and/or the fastener 414.
The end cap 416 is countersunk into the first end 402 of the support post 400 to improve the
aesthetic appearance of the support post 400.
[0060] Still referring to FIGS. 5-6, in an exemplary embodiment the distribution
plate 500 includes a base, shown as wall 502, defining a substantially planar surface oriented
substantially normal to the primary axis 22 of the fluid stream 20 (also see FIG. 1), such that
the planar surface faces an outlet of the flow device 300. The distribution plate 500 also
includes a ledge or lip 510 disposed along a perimeter of the wall 502. The distribution
plate 500 may be stamped or otherwise formed from a single piece of material (e.g., brass,
stainless steel, or another corrosion resistant material). The flange 508 is coupled to the
distribution plate 500 at a central position along the upper surface 504 of the wall 502. The
flange 508 may be welded to the wall 502 or integrally formed with the distribution plate 500
as a single unitary structure (e.g., via a machining operation, injection molding, etc.).
Advantageously, incorporating the flange 508 at a central position along the upper
surface 504 allows radial space for the flow to redistribute around the support post 400 and
along the wall 502 before falling from the distribution plate 500.
[0061] Together, the wall 502 and the lip 510 define a hollow cavity 512 (e.g., hollow
portion) forming a cup-shape. As shown in FIG. 6, the lip 510 extends downward and away
from the wall 502 (i.e., an upside down cup). In some embodiments, the lip 510 extends
downward from the wall 502 in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the wall 502.
In other embodiments, an angle is formed between an upper surface of the lip 510 and an
upper surface 504 of the wall 502 where the lip 510 contacts the wall 502. In yet other
embodiments, the distribution plate 500 is formed without a lip 510 (e.g., as a flat plate).
[0062] The distribution plate 500 may be configured in a variety of different geometries
depending on flow requirements (e.g., water flow rate and flow intensity) and user
preferences. In the embodiment of FIGS. 5-6, the distribution plate 500 is configured as a
circular plate having a diameter of about 12 in (30.5 cm). The distribution plate 500 is
configured to provide a distributed fluid flow 30 at flow rates within a range between about
1.75 gpm (6.6 L/min water) and about 3.5 gpm (13.2 L/min). Alternatively, the distribution
plate 500 may be rectangular or have both straight and curved edges. Various other
geometries for the distribution plate are possible.
[0063] The distribution plate 500 produces a distributed fluid flow 30 (see also FIG. 1)
over a second coverage area 31 (see FIG. 2). The distribution plate 500 is configured to
receive the fluid stream 20 on the upper surface 504 of the wall 502. As shown in FIG. 1,
both the fluid stream 20 and the distributed fluid flow 30 are exposed to the atmosphere (e.g.,
to an environment surrounding the showerhead, etc.) such that they may be viewed by a user
of the shower. In other words, the fluid stream 20 and the distributed fluid flow 30 are not
contained within or concealed by any components of the showerhead 100. Once received on
the upper surface 504 of the wall 502, the flow distributes along a radial extent of the upper
surface 504 and toward the lip 510. The flow separates from (i.e. falls from) the lip 510
proximate to an outer perimeter of the lip 510. As shown in FIG. 1, the flow may separate
from the outer perimeter of the lip 510 in sheets and/or droplets, simulating the flow of a
waterfall. Water is pulled by the force of gravity from the showerhead 100 toward a user,
which allows the showerhead 100 to be used across a wide range of flow rates. The second
coverage area 31 (see FIG. 2) for the distributed fluid flow 30 is greater than the first
coverage area 24 (see FIG. 2) and is approximately equal to an area enclosed by the outer
perimeter of the lip 510.
[0064] Among other benefits, the waterfall flow pattern provided by the distribution plate
500 provides a dry core region that is shielded by the wall 502. A user's head may be
positioned within this region, immediately below the wall 502, and remain dry, while the rest
of the user's body is covered or partially covered in fluid from the distributed fluid flow 30.
[0065] Various other exemplary embodiments of the showerhead 100 are possible
without departing from the inventive concepts described herein. For example, FIG. 7 shows a
showerhead for a shower configured to produce a distributed fluid flow 32 in a rainfall
pattern, according to an exemplary embodiment. A similar showerhead, shown as
showerhead 1000, is illustrated conceptually in FIGS. 8-10. The showerhead 1000 includes a
showerhead connector, shown as connector 1200, a flow device 1300, a support member,
shown as support post 1400, and a flow distribution member, shown as distribution plate
1500. Each of the connector 1200, flow device 1300, and support post 1400 may be
substantially similar to that shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 2-6.
[0066] The distribution plate 1500 of FIGS. 8-10 includes a base, shown as wall 1502,
and a ledge or lip 1510 disposed on the wall 1502 along a perimeter of the wall 1502. The
wall 1502 defines a substantially planar surface. The lip 1510 extends upward from the outer
perimeter of the wall 1502 such that an outer surface of the lip 1510 is substantially
perpendicular to an upper surface 1504 of the wall 1502. Together, the wall 1502 and the lip
1510 define a hollow cavity (i.e., a hollow cavity forming an upward facing cup shape)
within which the fluid stream 20 is received. The distribution plate 1500 includes a plurality
of perforations 1514 (e.g., openings, holes, nozzles, etc.) disposed in the wall 1502 and
configured to dispense water as a distributed fluid flow 32 (see also FIG. 7). The fluid is
pulled through the perforations 1514 by the force of gravity. The fluid separates from a lower
surface of the wall 1502 in droplets simulating a rainfall pattern. Similar to the embodiment
of FIGS. 2-6, the wetted surfaces of the distribution plate 1500 of FIGS. 8-10 are completely
or substantially open to the atmosphere, thereby allowing water to drain quickly and
completely after use. Any water remaining on the distribution plate 1500 after the flow of
water has been terminated is allowed to evaporate freely to the surroundings.
[0067] The size, number, shape, and arrangement of perforations in the flow distribution
plate 1500 may vary depending on the flow requirements for the showerhead 1000 and user
preferences. In the embodiment of FIGS. 8-10, a total of about 91 circular holes are disposed
in the plate 1500. The holes are distributed in concentric rows on the wall 1502, each row
including a plurality of holes in a substantially circular pattern (e.g., a bullseye configuration,
etc.). A diameter of the holes may also vary depending on the required flow rate of fluid (and
multiple different hole diameters may be used in a single showerhead to provide droplets of
different sizes to the user). In an exemplary embodiment, the diameter of each hole may be
any size within a range substantially between about 0.12 in and 0.14 in. A height of the lip
1510 (e.g., a distance between an upper edge of the lip 1510 and the upper surface 1504 of
the wall 1502) for the distribution plate 1500 may also vary. In some embodiments, and
particularly embodiments having a large open face area (i.e., a combined open area
associated with all of the holes in the distribution plate 1500), the height of the lip 1510 may
be small to prevent any water from falling from the edge of the wall 1502. In other
embodiments, the height of the lip 1510 may be large to allow a quantity of water to pool
within the hollow cavity of the distribution plate 1500.
[0068] A second coverage area 34 (see FIG. 8) for the distributed fluid flow 32 is
approximately equal to an area outlined by the outermost holes, which are proximate to an
outer edge of the wall 1502 of the distribution plate 1500. The geometry of the distribution
plate may vary depending on the desired coverage area (e.g., second coverage area 34) of the
distributed fluid flow 32. FIGS. 11-14 show distribution plates 2050, 2150, 2250, 2350 for
showerheads 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300 of a variety of different shapes and sizes, including
oval (FIGS. 11-12), oval with straight and rounded edges (FIGS. 13), and rectangular (FIG.
14). FIG. 13 shows a substantially oval plate 2250 for a showerhead 2200 having a
lengthwise dimension 2251 of approximately 14 in. (35.6 cm) and a width 2253 of
approximately 8 in. (20.3 cm). FIG. 14 shows a square plate whose edges measure
approximately 8 in. (20.3) in length. The showerheads of FIGS. 11-14 are configured to
produce a distributed fluid flow 30 in a waterfall pattern (see FIG. 1). Similar geometries for
the distribution plates 2050, 2150, 2250, 2350 could also be used for a showerhead
configured to produce a distributed fluid flow 32 in a rainfall pattern (see FIG. 7).
[0069] Another embodiment of a showerhead 3000 is shown in FIG. 15. The showerhead
3000 includes a flow device 3300 that is fixably coupled to a showerhead connector 3200. A
support member 3400 for the showerhead 3000 includes a plurality of posts, which rotatably
couple a distribution plate 3500 to the flow device 3300 and/or showerhead connector 3200
such that the distribution plate 3500 may rotate freely around a primary axis 3208 of the
showerhead connector 3200. Each of the posts includes a horizontal portion that extends
outward from the primary axis 3208 of the showerhead connector 3200 (e.g., radially
outward relative to the primary axis 3208), a bent portion (e.g., a 90° bend, etc.) that extends
from the horizontal portion, and a vertical portion that extends from the bent portion to an
upper surface 3504 of a wall 3502 of the distribution plate 3500.
[0070] Yet another embodiment of a showerhead 4000 is shown in FIG. 16. The
showerhead 4000 includes a flow device 4300 pivotably coupled to a showerhead connector
4200. The flow device 4300 is configured to produce a fluid stream 20 (see also FIG. 1) at a
central position above a distribution plate 4500. The support member 4400 is configured to
completely wrap around an outer edge of the distribution plate 4500 and connect with the
distribution plate 4500 proximate to a central position (e.g., aligned with a primary axis 22 of
the fluid stream 20) on a lower surface of the distribution plate 4500. Note that the waterfall
pattern of fluid produced by the showerhead 4000 of FIG. 16 may be partially blocked by the
support member 4400 where the support member 4400 wraps around the outer edge of the
distribution plate 4500.
[0071] Yet another embodiment of a showerhead 5000 is shown in FIG. 17. The
showerhead 5000 is configured to produce a distributed fluid flow 32 in a rainfall pattern.
The showerhead 5000 includes a support member 5400 that extends at an angle (i.e., an angle
relative to a primary axis 22 of a fluid stream 20) between a flow device 5300 and a
distribution plate 5500. More specifically, the support member 5400 extends from a central
position above the distribution plate 5500 to a lip 5510 of the distribution plate 5500
proximate to an outer perimeter of the distribution plate 5500. A similar showerhead 6000
configuration is shown in FIG. 18, although with a curved support post 6400 rather than a
support post that extends linearly between the flow device and the lip.
[0072] Referring to FIGS. 19-20, a showerhead 6000 is shown to include a support post
6400 that is integrally formed with a body 6302 of a flow device 6300. In particular, the
support post 6400 is integrally formed with an outer body portion 6304 of the body 6302.
The support post 6400 includes an angled body portion 6401 a retaining ring 6403 that is
welded to a lower end of the angled body portion 6401. In other embodiments, the retaining
ring 6403 may be secured to the angled body portion 6401 via a fastener or integrally formed
with the angled body portion 6401 as a single unitary structure. The retaining ring 6403 is
disposed along a perimeter of a distribution plate 6500 of the showerhead 6000, inboard of a
lip 6510 of the distribution plate 6500. As shown in FIGS. 19-20, the support post 6400 is
coupled to a distribution plate 6500 via an intermediate ring 6501, which is "sandwiched" or
otherwise disposed between the retaining ring 6403 and an upper surface of the distribution
plate 6500. As shown in FIG. 21, the distribution plate further includes a plurality of
internally threaded posts 6511 that extend upwardly from the upper surface in substantially
perpendicular orientation relative to the upper surface. Both the retaining ring 6403 and the
intermediate ring 6501 are secured in position with respect to the distribution plate 6500 by a
plurality of fasteners (e.g., screws, bolts, etc.) that engage with the posts 6511 on the
distribution plate 6500.
[0073] In some embodiments, the showerhead may include lighting elements to improve
the overall aesthetic of the showerhead. The lighting elements may be configured to project
onto the surface of the water above the distribution plate and to reflect off the distribution
plate and onto a ceiling above the showerhead or to other walls of a shower enclosure.
Referring to FIGS. 22-25, different lighting concepts for a showerhead are shown, according
to various exemplary embodiments. FIG. 22 shows a showerhead 7000 that includes a
lighting element 7002 on an upper surface 7004 of a distribution plate 7006 for the
showerhead 7000. The lighting element 7002 is a ring that is configured to be at least
partially submersed in water. FIG. 23 shows a showerhead 7020 that includes a lighting
element 7022 on a lower angled surface of a support post 7024 of the showerhead 7020. The
lighting element 7022 of FIG. 23 is arranged to direct light downward onto a surface of the
fluid volume retained within a cup-shaped distribution plate 7025. An upper surface 7026 of
the distribution plate 7025 may include a reflective material such as chrome to redirect light
toward a ceiling above the showerhead and thereby provide a relaxing aesthetic for an
occupant of the shower. FIG. 24 shows a showerhead 7040 that includes a lighting element
7042 disposed on a lower surface of a flow device 7044 of the showerhead 7040. The
lighting element 7042 is in a ring shape and extends along a perimeter of the lower surface
around the laminar flow stream to direct into the laminar flow stream and downward onto the
water/distribution plate. FIG. 25 shows a showerhead 7060 that includes a lighting element
7062 disposed centrally on a lower surface of a flow device 7064 of the showerhead 7060.
During operation, fluid flowing out through the lower surface surrounds the lighting element
7042, which may further enhance the overall aesthetic (due to light penetrating radially
outwardly through the laminar flow stream. In any of the above embodiments, the lighting
element 7062 may include a light emitting diode (LED) or another compact or low profile
light source.
[0074] FIG. 26 shows a showerhead 7080 that includes lighting elements 7082 disposed
along an outer perimeter of a distribution plate 7084. The lighting elements 7082 direct light
inwardly (e.g., radially inwardly) toward a central axis of the distribution plate 7084. The
lighting elements 7082 are coupled to a retaining ring 7086 of a support post 7088 for the
showerhead 7080 and are configured to be at least partially submerged beneath a volume of
water that is contained within a hollow cavity of the cup-shaped distribution plate 7084. In
some embodiments, the lighting elements may be electrically coupled to hydrogenerator built
into the showerhead 7080 or another standalone power source built into the showerhead
7080. In other embodiments, the lighting elements may be powered via another suitable
power source (e.g., batteries, AC power, etc.). For example, FIG. 27 shows a showerhead
8000 that includes a lighting element 8002 and a power source 8004 electrically coupled to
the lighting element 8002. The lighting element 8002 is coupled to an angled lower surface
of a support post 8006 of the showerhead 8000 so as to direct light downwardly at an angle
toward an upper surface of a distribution plate 8008. The lighting element 8002 is electrically
coupled to the power source 8004 via wires that extend at least partially through a hollow
portion 8010 of the support post 8006.
[0075] As shown in FIG. 27, the power source 8004 is coupled to an upper end of the
support post 8006. In particular, the power source 8004 is "sandwiched" or otherwise
disposed between a showerhead connector 8012 and the inner body portion 8014 of a flow
device 8016. According to various exemplary embodiments, the power source 8004 is a
water-driven turbine that generates power in proportion to a flow rate of water through the
flow device 8016 (e.g., a flow of water passing through the showerhead 8000). As such, the
turbine may be configured to power the lighting element 8002 whenever water is provided to
the showerhead 8000 and at an intensity that is proportional to the flow rate of water. In other
embodiments, the lighting element 8002 may be configured such that the intensity of light is
approximately constant regardless of the flow rate. In some embodiments, the showerhead
may include a switch to enable or disable the lighting element 8002 based on user
preferences. In yet other embodiments, the showerhead 8000 may include a power storage
device (e.g., a battery) that may be used to power the lighting element 8002 for a period of
time when the flow of water to the showerhead 8000 is terminated.
[0076] The showerhead, of which various exemplary embodiments are disclosed herein,
provides several advantages over conventional showerhead fixtures. Among other benefits,
the showerhead produces a fluid stream 20 and a distributed fluid flow 30, 32, both of which
are visible to a user or occupant of a shower. These flow arrangements can, advantageously,
provide for a more relaxing shower experience and a more pleasing aesthetic to a user or
occupant of the shower. In addition, the showerheads disclosed herein have a more efficient
structural design that can help to limit water flow restrictions and the accumulation of
bacteria. In some embodiments, the showerhead may include a lighting element and
standalone power source to illuminate different portions of the showerhead during operation
to thereby provide a relaxing aesthetic to an occupant of the shower.
[0077] As utilized herein, the terms "approximately," "about," "substantially," and
similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning in harmony with the common and
accepted usage by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this
disclosure pertains. It should be understood by those of skill in the art who review this
disclosure that these terms are intended to allow a description of certain features described
and claimed without restricting the scope of these features to the precise numerical ranges
provided. Accordingly, these terms should be interpreted as indicating that insubstantial or
inconsequential modifications or alterations of the subject matter described and claimed are
considered to be within the scope of the application as recited in the appended claims.
[0078] The terms "coupled," "connected," and the like, as used herein, mean the joining
of two members directly or indirectly to one another. Such joining may be stationary (e.g.,
permanent) or moveable (e.g., removable or releasable). Such joining may be achieved with
the two members or the two members and any additional intermediate members being
integrally formed as a single unitary body with one another or with the two members or the
two members and any additional intermediate members being attached to one another.
[0079] References herein to the positions of elements (e.g., "top," "bottom," "above,"
"below," etc.) are merely used to describe the orientation of various elements in the
FIGURES. It should be noted that the orientation of various elements may differ according to
other exemplary embodiments, and that such variations are intended to be encompassed by
the present disclosure.
[0080] It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the apparatus and
control system as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although
only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the
art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible
(e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various
elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors,
orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of
the subject matter described herein. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may
be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or
otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered
or varied. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or resequenced
according to alternative embodiments.
[0081] Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may also be made in
the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the various exemplary embodiments
without departing from the scope of the present application. For example, any element
disclosed in one embodiment may be incorporated or utilized with any other embodiment
disclosed herein.

WE CLAIM:
1. A showerhead, comprising:
a flow device configured to produce a substantially laminar fluid stream; and
a flow distribution member coupled to the flow device and spaced apart from the
flow device, the flow distribution member configured to receive the substantially laminar fluid
stream and to produce a distributed fluid flow.
2. The showerhead of claim 1, further comprising a showerhead connector pivotably
coupled to the flow device and configured to fluidly couple the showerhead to a water source
within a shower enclosure.
3. The showerhead of claim 1, further comprising a support member, wherein a first
end of the support member is coupled to the flow device, and wherein a second end of the
support member is coupled to the flow distribution member, and wherein the substantially
laminar fluid stream is visible to a user when water is flowing through the showerhead.
4. The showerhead of claim 3, wherein the support member is rotatably coupled to
the flow device.
5. The showerhead of claim 1, wherein the flow device is configured to produce the
substantially laminar fluid stream over a first coverage area, and wherein the flow distribution
member is configured to produce the distributed fluid flow over a second coverage area that is
larger than the first coverage area.
6. The showerhead of claim 1, wherein the flow distribution member comprises a
base defining a substantially planar surface that faces an outlet of the flow device, and wherein
the substantially planar surface is open to the surrounding atmosphere.
7. The showerhead of claim 6, wherein the flow distribution member further
comprises a lip disposed along a perimeter of the base, and wherein together the base and the lip
define a hollow cavity forming a cup-shape.
8. The showerhead of claim 7, wherein the lip extends downwardly from the base
away from the flow device in a substantially perpendicular orientation relative to the base.
9. The showerhead of claim 7, wherein the lip extends upwardly from the base
toward the flow device in a substantially perpendicular orientation relative to the base, and
wherein the base comprises a plurality of perforations.
10. The showerhead of claim 1, further comprising a lighting element coupled to at
least one of the flow device or the flow distribution member, wherein the lighting element directs
light at least partially toward the flow distribution member.
11. The showerhead of claim 10, further comprising a power source coupled to the
flow device and electrically coupled to the lighting element.
12. The showerhead of claim 11, wherein the power source is a water-driven turbine.
13. A showerhead, comprising:
a showerhead connector;
a support member;
a flow device coupled to the showerhead connector and configured to produce a
substantially laminar fluid stream, a first end of the support member coupled to at least one of the
showerhead connector, the support member, or the flow device; and
a flow distribution member coupled to a second end of the support member and
configured to produce a distributed fluid flow.
14. The showerhead of claim 13, wherein the showerhead connector is pivotably
coupled to the showerhead connector, and wherein the showerhead connector is configured to
fluidly couple the showerhead to a water source within a shower enclosure.
15. The showerhead of claim 13, wherein the flow device is configured to produce the
substantially laminar fluid stream over a first coverage area, and wherein the flow distribution
member is configured to produce the distributed fluid flow over a second coverage area that is
larger than the first coverage area, and wherein the substantially laminar fluid stream is visible to
a user when water is flowing through the showerhead.
16. The showerhead of claim 13, wherein the flow distribution member comprises a
base defining a substantially planar surface that faces an outlet of the flow device, and wherein
the substantially planar surface is open to the surrounding atmosphere.
17. The showerhead of claim 16, wherein the flow distribution member further
comprises a lip disposed along a perimeter of the base, wherein together the base and the lip
define a hollow cavity forming a cup-shape, and wherein the lip extends downwardly from the
base away from the flow device in a substantially perpendicular orientation relative to the base.
18. The showerhead of claim 16, wherein the flow distribution member further
comprises a lip disposed along a perimeter of the base, wherein together the base and the lip
define a hollow cavity forming a cup-shape, wherein the lip extends upwardly from the base
toward the flow device in a substantially perpendicular orientation relative to the base, and
wherein the base comprises a plurality of perforations.
19. The showerhead of claim 13, further comprising a lighting element coupled to at
least one of the support member, the flow device, or the flow distribution member, wherein the
lighting element directs light at least partially toward the flow distribution member.
20. The showerhead of claim 19, further comprising a power source coupled to the
flow device and electrically coupled to the lighting element.