Document Description 1 Form 1 – Application for Grant Contains applicant, inventor, and correspondence details as per Rule 20(1). 2 Form 2 – Specification Either Provisional or Complete specification, describing invention as per Section 10 and Rule 13. 3 Form 3 – Foreign Filings Statement under Section 8 of foreign patent applications, to be updated every 6 months (Rule 12). 4 Form 5 – Declaration of Inventorship Mandatory under Rule 13(6); to be filed within one month of Form 1. 5 Form 26 – Authorization of Agent Required when filed through a registered patent agent. 6 Drawings/Diagrams (if applicable) Required if necessary for understanding the invention (Rule 13(4)). 7 Priority Document (if applicable) For Convention applications under Section 135, certified copy to be filed within 3 months. 8 Form 28 For claiming startup/small entity status under Rule 2(fa). 9 Proof of Right Assignment deed or declaration from inventors if applicant is not the inventor (Rule 10).

Benefit Explanation Early Priority Date Secures legal precedence before public disclosure or third-party filings Lower Initial Cost More affordable than a complete specification Time to Improve 12-month buffer for prototyping, testing, fundraising Patent Pending Status Product/invention can be legally marked "Patent Pending" Quick Filing Fewer formalities and no need to define claims at this stage What Should a Provisional Specification Include?

Independent Claims Definition: Stand on their own and don’t rely on any other claim Purpose: Define the broadest scope of the invention Use: Always included at the beginning of claim set Example: “A mobile charging device comprising a solar panel and a USB output port.” 2.

Used in Infringement Cases Courts, competitors, and enforcement officers rely on claims to assess violations.

Steps for Working If not worked, mention planned steps to begin working in the future Declaration & Signature Affirmation by patentee or exclusive licensee; can be filed jointly if shared One Form per Patent Even if a patent has multiple co-owners or licensees, only one Form 27 is required per patent per 3-year cycle.

Due Diligence and Investment Intelligence Investors and M&A teams can validate the patent activity of startups or companies by referencing the journal entries and verifying granted claims.

Types of Patent Oppositions in India India’s Patents Act, 1970 provides two types of opposition: Type Timing Who Can File Governing Section Pre-Grant Opposition After publication but before grant Any person Section 25(1), Rule 55 Post-Grant Opposition Within 12 months of grant Any “person interested” Section 25(2), Rule 56 Pre-Grant vs.

Filed by or assigned to one individual, company, or group Managing it means knowing: What you own Where it’s filed When it expires How it fits your business goals Key Activities in Patent Portfolio Management Activity Description Filing Strategy Align filings with R&D and market roadmap Regular Audits Identify low-value or expired patents Renewal Management Ensure timely fee payments Competitor Benchmarking Compare your IP with others in the field Licensing & Monetization Generate ROI from unused patents Lifecycle Planning Plan for expiry, continuation, or divestment Steps to Manage a Patent Portfolio Effectively 1.

Identify Target Entities or Technologies Competitor names Keywords / IPC codes Countries or regions Choose a Monitoring Platform Indian Patent Office Third-party toolsAI-based dashboards (like Orbit or PatSeer) Set Frequency Weekly or monthly alerts depending on market activity Review & Take Action Alert relevant teams: legal, R&D, management Evaluate for infringement, partnerships, or filing What Happens If You Don’t Monitor?

Clarity – Clear technical description, understandable by experts Breadth of Claims – Broad enough to cover variations, yet specific enough to avoid prior art Enablement – Should teach others how to work the invention Support – Claims must be fully supported by the description Compliance – Must meet Indian and/or international legal formats Indian Legal Requirements for Drafting According to the Indian Patents Rules, 2003, a complete specification must: Disclose the best method of performing the invention Contain at least one claim, but usually multiple claims are advised Provide drawings and reference numerals where necessary Be written in technical language that is precise, not vague Example of a Patent Claim (Simple Format) Claim 1: A solar-powered water purification system comprising: a photovoltaic panel, a water inlet and filter, a UV chamber powered by said panel, and an outlet for purified water.